This article discussed the post-fire damage to concrete materials by analysing the mechanical parameters and damage mechanisms of concrete reinforced with polypropylene (PP) fibres.The tested material is offered as a construction product and is approved for sale.The effect of different fire temperatures on the material performance was analysed in laboratory tests using the acoustic emission (AE) method.The analyses showed that the samples stored under ambient conditions exhibited ductile flexural fracture, whereas those exposed to fire temperatures exhibited brittle fracture.The number of AE cracks is strongly correlated with loading conditions.The b value effectively indicates the nature of the damage, serving as an early warning indicator.AF-RA images suggest that fire temperatures accelerate and intensify shear cracking.The AE method has potential as a diagnostic technology for post-fire conditions in PP fibre-reinforced concrete.

A portable cyber-physical phased-array ultrasonic system for in-situ wind-turbine blade inspection is presented.The prototype supports single scan acquisition and volumetric reconstructions via delay-and-sum beamforming with depth-dependent apodization, enabling real-time field operation on embedded hardware.The algorithmic pipeline combines dynamic receive aperture control, envelope detection, and lightweight post-filtering to provide metrologically reliable reconstructions suitable for automated re-porting and integration with digital workflows.Quantitative validation on 256 frames yields PSNR = 32.0-33.6 dB and SSIM = 0.867-0.908,confirming high reconstruction fidelity and stable acquisition required for robust volumetric sizing.Beyond imaging quality, a concise techno-economic model is used to quantify operations-and-maintenance impact under representative wholesale prices and capacity factors.Environmental and safety aspects align with these operational gains: compared with radiography, ultrasonic testing eliminates ionizing-radiation exposure, relative to penetrant or magnetic particle testing it reduces consumables and energy-efficient embedded processing with digital reporting keeps the device-level footprint secondary to the dominant benefits above.

This study investigates the mechanical and tribological behavior of Al7475-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with varying proportions of silicon nitride (SiN) and graphite (Gr), developed through stir casting.The present study highlights the beneficial impact of graphite and Si 3 N 4 reinforcement on the Al7475 wear performance to determine the hardness and thermal conductivity of the composites.This study examines Al7475based MMCs reinforced with 3-12% SiN and graphite via stir casting.The optimal 5% SiN-5% Gr hybrid composite achieved superior Hardness (74.1) and the Thermal conductivity for 5% SiN-5% Gr is 242.7 W/ (mC).Microstructural analysis revealed that the inclusion of SiN improved grain refinement and hardness, while graphite contributed to enhanced lubrication and wear resistance.SEM/EDS confirmed uniform dispersion, while fractography revealed a ductile-to-brittle transition with higher reinforcement.ANOVA (R > 89% for Thermal conductivity, > 98%) validated reinforcement significance, highlighting that optimal ratios enhance performance, whereas excess causes agglomeration and reduced ductility.The findings confirm that an optimal hybrid reinforcement ratio effectively enhances mechanical strength and thermal conductivity, while excessive reinforcement leads to agglomeration, reduced ductility, and inferior performance.

This study examined the effect of titanium content on the processing and microstructural evolution of the Al 2 O 3 -Ti composites fabricated by slip casting.Two compositions with 1 vol.% and 10 vol.%Ti were investigated.Rheological tests revealed that a low Ti content increased slurry viscosity, but promoted more uniform packing and densification.After sintering at 1400 C, the 1 vol.%Ti composites achieved high relative density (>93%), negligible open porosity, and formation of a stable Ti 0.25 Al 1.75 O 3 phase.In contrast, the 10 vol.%Ti composites showed poor densification (~77%), high porosity, and the presence of unstable Al 2 TiO 5 and residual TiO 2 .These results demonstrate that 1 vol.%Ti is optimal for producing dense, defect-free Al 2 O 3 -Ti composites, while excessive Ti content leads to phase instability and microstructural degradation.The findings highlight slip casting as a viable method for designing alumina-based composites with tailored phase composition, offering the potential for structural, thermal, and biomedical applications where both durability and reliability are required.

This study aimed to investigate the resistance to friction in the lead screw-nut contact zone of a car scissor lift during operation.In both cases of a lack of lubricant and a lubricated contact zone, the stick-slip phenomenon occurred therein.The analytical model of the lead screw-nut assembly driven by an electric motor was elaborated.During the operation of such an assembly, lubricated stick-slip oscillations occurred with smaller magnitudes compared to the case of dry friction in the contact zone.During lifting the vehicle, the friction torque values in the lead screw-nut contact zone lowered due to lowered contact pressure caused by the lowered value of the force loading the contact zone due to changing values of the angle between the lead screw and the lift arm.Contrary, during lowering the vehicles, the friction torque values in the lead screw-nut contact zone slightly increased.In the case of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based lubricant, the values of the friction torque less than half of those for dry/boundary friction conditions in the analyzed contact zone.The use of lithium grease further halved the friction torque values compared to the case of the PTFE-based lubricant.

This article assesses the properties of municipal sewage sludge stabilized using various stabilization technologies.Raw, stored, lime-stabilized, and stabilized sludge through aerobic composting were evaluated.The study assessed the chemical properties of the sludge, including pH and sorption capacity; available of P, K, and Mg; organic carbon and total nitrogen content; and selected heavy metals.The study revealed that the studied sewage sludge was characterized by a slightly acidic pH, high sorption capacity, and high content of available of P, K, and Mg, with low heavy metal content, qualifying it for agricultural use.The organic carbon content in lime-and aerobically stabilized sludge allows it to be classified as organic fertilizers, while stored sludge is classified as organic-mineral fertilizers.Stored sewage sludge had the lowest total nitrogen content and the highest carbon-to-nitrogen ratio.Raw sewage sludge has potential as an agricultural fertilizer, but its effectiveness and safety depend on its quality, processing method, and appropriate application.Pretreatment is recommended before agricultural application.Assessment of the properties of sewage sludge has shown that it can be used as a substitute for mineral fertilizers.

Global date palm production is steadily increasing and adopting technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and deep learning can reduce costs, save time, and improve productivity.To address this issue, the authors have proposed an innovative approach that uses UAVs for high-resolution aerial imaging.These images, collected by the Department of Computer Engineering at Al-Salam University in Baghdad and the Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, support improved orchard management, palm counting, and yield estimation. Precise spraying and pollination are also facilitated and accelerated, reducing overall cultivation costs.The proposed methodology involves processing captured images and applying three versions of the you only look once (YOLO) object detection algorithm, v11, v12, and YOLO-NAS -to determine the most effective model.The YOLOv12 model achieved the highest mAP@50 at 99.12%, which validates its superior performance in this application.The main innovation is the integration of deep learning-based palm crown detection with UAV imagery, enabling automated and scalable monitoring of palm plantations.The proposed methodology enables rapid, cost-effective, and scalable palm tree enumeration and management.A mobile application based on the trained model is planned to support real-time palm detection, yield estimation, and resource optimisation for farmers and stakeholders.

The use of abaca-fiber as an alternative material in natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) reinforcement for concrete columns offers not only technical advantages in terms of strength and production energy efficiency, but also presents a sustainable bio-material-based solution.This study aims, to evaluate the structural performance of cylindrical reinforced concrete (RC) columns externally confined using NFPCs sheets made from abaca-fibers.Two confinement techniques were applied: spiral and partial wrapping.The test specimens measured 205 mm (in-diameter) x 615 mm (in-height) and were reinforced internally with six longitudinal (10 mm diameter) and transverse steel bars (8 mm diameter) reinforcement.One specimen was strengthened using a confinement spiral wrapping of NFPCs (CS-NFPCs), while another employed partial confinement (CP-NFPCs).Axial compressive tests under monotonic loading were performed, and compared to an unconfined control specimen normal confinement (NC).The spiral NFRP confinement improved the axial load capacity by 22.68% and significantly enhanced ductility by 347%.In contrast, partial wrapping resulted in a 13.79% increase in axial capacity and a 50% improvement in ductility.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of abaca-fiber based NFPC as a sustainable alternative for enhancing both strength and ductility in RC columns.