Three dimension virtual models of Avocado (Persea americana), Salak (Salacca zalacca), Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), Mango (Mangifera indica), Coconut (Cocos nucifera) using 3D scanner Intel RealSense were determined. Calculated models based on arithmetic and geometric diameter were also determined. From statistically analysis implies that virtual models on significance level 0.05 are significantly different with calculated values based on arithmetic or geometric diameter.

The article deals with selected parameters affecting the energy consumption of a vacuum pump in a milking system during the whole milking cycle in variants with and without regulation by a frequency convertor. When put into practice, the latest research of creation, control and stabilization of vacuum in milking devices allows dairy farmers to obtain a vacuum system that ensures maximum stability of milking pressure, which is a basic requirement affecting the health of dairy cows. The choice of vacuum system prioritizes in particular high performance, maximum operational reliability, minimum maintenance, long service life, environmental friendliness and economy. The vacuum pump was a Roots vacuum pump with a rotary piston which is typical for this use. Use of a frequency convertor significantly affected the efficiency of this pump for control of vacuum pressure level and pump performance by varying the rotation frequency according to the actual airflow requirement. Using this control system, only as much vacuum pressure is produced as necessary. By measurement of an experimental setup, it was found that the average power requirement of a setup with a control valve was 3.8 kW compared to 1.7 kW in the case of the variant with frequency convertor. Measurements and calculations have shown that this system is capable of saving more than 50% of electric energy.

This paper deals with the measurement of energy consumption required for disintegration of different cereals depending on the desired fineness of obtained grist. The energy consumption necessary for milling was compared with the results of a sieve analysi s before and after the disintegration process. The obtained results were compared with energy expended during the disintegration of cereals and were analysed to determine the coefficients of the ratio of fineness of milling/energy consumption. They was fou nd to have good conformity. Special attention was paid to the RRSB distribution for determination of statistic average particle size and specific area of malt grist. Specific area of grist particles from different cereals was determined by calculation of t he limited area and x axis in diagrams, this effort is necessary for optimisation of the disintegration process with impact on the quality of final food.

In order to increase substantially the quality of the potato heap separation, it is necessary to carry out the theoretical substantiation of the spiral separator’s parameters with regard to the impact interaction between the product and the tools of the un it under the condition of not damaging the tubers. An equivalent schematic model of the impact interaction between a potato tuber and the surface of the rebounding conveyor has been devised. Taking into account the coefficient of restitution of the tuber’s velocity in case of an impact, new analytical expressions have been obtained for determining the magnitude and direction of the potato tuber’s velocity after the impact. They provided the basis for applying the principle of momentum at impact and obtainin g the analytical expressions that allow determining the impact impulse and impact force at the impact of the tuber on the surface of the rebounding conveyor and, eventually, the dynamic constraints on the permitted velocity of the tuber prior to the impact interaction under the condition of not damaging it. A new analytical mathematical model of the impact interaction of the potato tuber during the potato heap separation has been developed. On the basis of the obtained theoretical results, studies have been carried out on the rational kinematical parameters of the high - quality performance of the above - mentioned work process under the condition of keeping the potato tubers undamaged.