Aim:This study was carried out to evaluate the gastroprotective potential of the aqueous fruit pulp concentrate of Citrullus lanatus citroides (CLC) on pyloric ligation and indomethacin-induced ulcer in Wistar albino rats.Materials and methods:In indomethacin-induced ulcer model, CLC was administered in the doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight orally, tds for 5 days. The antiulcer activity was determined via observing reduction in ulcer index whereas in the pyloric ligation model, the gastroprotective effect of CLC was assessed from the alteration in volume of gastric juice, pH, free and total acidity, protein concentration in gastric juice. Further lipid peroxide (LPO), and activities of enzymic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was also determined along with the levels of hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid, fucose in gastric mucosa.Results:In both models, treatment with CLC caused a significant reduction in lesion index when compared to vehicle treated group, providing evidence for antiulcer capacity. In pyloric ligation model, pretreatment with CLC resulted in significant increase in pH, enzymic antioxidants, that is, SOD, CAT, with a significant decrease in volume of gastric juice, free and total acidity, protein concentration, acid output, and LPO levels respectively. The presence of the flavonoids and polyphenols may be responsible for the gastroprotective effect of CLC.Conclusions:The aqueous fruit pulp concentrate of CLC showed significant gastroprotective potential against pyloric ligation and indomethacin-induced ulceration in rats.

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Background:A rational and well-developed pharmacological basis forms the foundation of therapeutics in Ayurveda. The principles and theories of Ayurveda need to be validated in the scientific context in order to harness the millennia old knowledge. Rasa (taste) of the substance is the foremost tool in Ayurveda to assess and determine the pharmacological properties and actions of the substance. Similarity in rasa is said to signify similar structure and consequently similar pharmacological behavior. Depending on skills developed over the course of long-term clinical experience one, can register the minute variations in rasa of substances and accordingly the possible variations in pharmacological actions. Thus, rasa can be used as a scientific tool in the drug discovery process to limit and focus the target areas.Aim:To sensitize scientific community to the utility of rasa as a tool in the process of drug discovery.Materials and Methods:All relevant ancient and contemporary literature was reviewed critically to form a scientific basis of the Ayurvedic concept of rasa as a tool to identify the pharmacological behavior of a substance.Conclusion:The review finds that rasa (taste) can be used as a guide to identify potential targets in drug discovery.

Background:It has been long recognized that periodontal diseases are infections of the periodontium, comprising the bacterial etiology, an immune response, and tissue destruction. Treatment strategies aiming primarily at suppressing or eliminating specific periodontal pathogens include adjunct use of local and systemic antibiotics as part of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Unwanted side effects and resistance of microorganisms toward antibiotics due to their widespread use have modified the general perception about their efficacy. Research in phytosciences has revealed various medicinal plants offering a new choice of optional antimicrobial therapy. Cymbopogon citratus, Stapf. (lemongrass) is a popular medicinal plant. At a concentration ≤2%, lemongrass essential oil inhibits the growth of several kinds of microorganisms including periodontal pathogens, especially the reference strains Actinomyces naeslundii and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which were resistant to tetracycline hydrochloride.Aims:To evaluate the efficacy of locally delivered 2% lemongrass essential oil in gel form as an adjunct to scaling and root planing, as compared to scaling and root planing alone for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.Materials and Methods:2% Lemongrass essential oil gel was prepared and placed in moderate to deep periodontal pockets after scaling and root planing.Results:Statistically significant reduction in probing depth and gingival index and gain in relative attachment level were noted in the experimental group as compared to the control group at 1 and 3 months.Conclusion:Locally delivered 2% lemongrass essential oil gel offers a new choice of safe and effective adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontal therapy.

Purpose:There has been a continuous and increasing demand for newer experimental models in various studies like Teratogenicity, Pathogenicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, stem cell research, viral studies, in preclinical studies to generate a database for ayurvedic drugs. To serve this purpose Chick Embryo as an experimental model is proposed because of its rapidity, validity Easy handling and availability throughout the year. And as it is an exvivo model, the ethical problems can be lessened.Method:The fertilized eggs are cleaned by 70% ethanol and kept in a 370 C humidified incubator. These eggs can now be taken from 0 embryonic development day (EDD) till hatching, depending upon the type of study. To observe the changes after inducing the drug the model can be visually assessed and are photographed for further analysis. The tissues can be excised and taken for histological studies and also the various dyes can be injected to visualize the dynamic changes in the growth patterns. With the aid of sophisticated technique the chick embryo can be taken for shell less studies.Result:Hence, it can be concluded that the Chick Embryo model may be one of the best model in recent trends for drug discovery and it can be also used to establish the preclinical parameters for the preexisting Ayurvedic formulations. This is an easy model to validate and generate a data base for ayurvedic drugs.Conclusion:Hence, it is proved in a larger extant that chick embryo may be an ideal and It can also be one of the widely preferred model for drug discovery in Ayurvedic research. There is a need of present era to have an scientific data, this model can help our to do so.

Background:Kūpīpakva Rasāyana is a category of Rasauṣadhis (herbomineral medicines) prepared by unique pharmaceutical process explained in Rasaśāstra. Svarṇa Vanga (SV) is one such medicament indicated mainly in diseases such as Madhumeha (diabetes mellitus), Śvāsa (respiratory disorders), Pradara (menorrhagia), and as a Vrṣya (aphrodisiac).Aims and Objectives:The aim of this study is to establish the standard manufacturing process for SV and analyze its organoleptic and physicochemical properties.Design:Pharmaceutical standardization.Materials and Methods:Śodhita Vaṅga was melted and triturated with purified Pārada (mercury) to form an amalgam. The amalgam so formed was mixed with Saindhava Lavaṇa and levigated with Nimbu Svarasa (Citrus medica Var.) and washed until blackness of the mixture disappeared. On drying, śuddha Gandhaka (Sulfur) and Navasadara (Ammonium chloride) were added and ground into a fine powder. The powder thus formed was filled in the Kupī and processed in an electrical muffle furnace for 18 h. On cooling, the product formed at the bottom of the Kūpī was collected. Organoleptic and physicochemical parameters of SV were analyzed and tabulated.Results and Conclusion:SV is a Talastha Kūpīpakva Rasāyana. It requires Mṛdu (<250 C) and Madhyama Agni (250-500 C) for a period of 9 h each to prepare SV with 42.9% yield and having 63.2 and 34.4% tin and sulfur, respectively.

Purpose:1. To find out the effect of Thriphaladi Rasayana along with Yoga Therapy on low grade Non Hodgkins Lymphoma and resistant intermediate and high grade NonHodgkins Lymphoma. 2. To apply a less costly, less morbid, well accepted method of treatment on NHL. 3.To find a simple method to increase the immunity. 4.To try a drug which is easy to prepare?Method:Purposive sampling technique was used for the study. Sample of 30 patients age range 25 75 years with histologicaly proven NonHodgkins lymphoma, attending the M.O.I.O.P of the regional cancer centre during a period of 18 months. Groups1) Low grade NonHodgkins Lymphoma 2) Resistant intermediate &High grade NonHodgkins lymphoma (failed chemotherapy) were taken. Procedure : 2 groups were given Triphaladhi Rasayana (15 grams of powder with ghee and honey) twice dailymorning& at bed time with milk as anupana for period of 1month along with selected yoga asanas and niyama?Result:Symptoms included were fever, night sweats, weight loss, lymph nodes enlargement, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. In low grade symptom relief was noted in almost all cases. Lymph node changes notedLow grade5 2% (complete remission), 38% (partial remission), 10% (no change), intermediate35% (CR), 52% (PR) & 13% (NC), High grade67% (CR), 33%(PR). Hepatomegaly changes :ve in low grade92.86%, intermediate 90.9% & high grade100%. Splenomegaly changes :ve in low grade92.86%, intermediate72.72% & high grade80% Over all remission status of 30 patientscomplete remission30%, partial remission 30% & no change30%?Conclusion:Thriphaladirasayana along with Yoga therapy is very effective in Low grade NonHodgkins lymphoma and resistant intermediate and high grade Non hodgkins Lymphoma?

Purpose:The data was retrospectively collected through third part unbiased documentation conducted under RUDRA program at The Arya Vaidhya Chikitsalayam and Research Institute. Obtained data was evaluated to study the efficacy of customized ayurvedic therapy in on Type 2 diabetes exhibiting secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic drugs.Method:Participants were retrospectively selected between Jan. to Dec. 2011 diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus as primary or secondary morbidity during documentation. Out of 194 patients who visited our OPD with primary aim as management of their type 2 diabetes 27 cases found to have adequate baseline and endpoint data and satisfying the inclusion criterion were delineated, exhibiting secondary failure to oral hypoglycemic drug. At least 1 prescription claim for a sulfonylurea or a thiazolidinedione during study period along with metformin use include in the study. Secondary failure was measured for patients who initially achieved a Fasting and Post prandial blood glucose 126 mg/dl and 200 mg/dl but in due course of chronicity again rose above the said level, exhibiting secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic drugsResult:Participants (mean age, 50.034 (S.D. ±13.64) years; 55.6% female and 44.4 % males) who were known diabetic since 5.9185 (S.D. ±6.6) underwent a customized Ayurveda treatment with Allopathic oral hypoglycemic drugs as concomitant medication for average of 16.2 weeks. The mean baseline Fasting and Post prandial blood glucose was 163.26 (S.D. ± 50.57) and 230.23 (S.D.± 90.24244) and which was higher for the patients receiving a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea or thiazolidinedione. The mean Fasting blood glucose decreased to 131.49, and Post prandial 174.5 of patients as compared to baseline. This reduction in the Gycemic index was found to be statistically significant after administration of unpaired students ‘t’ test at significance level of <0.05.Conclusion:Customized Ayurveda treatment was able to ameliorate the Fasting and Post prandial blood sugar levels in patients with secondary failure to oral hypoglycemic drugs with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose:Ayurvedic system of medicine has become significantly more popular all over the globe because of its time tested safety and efficacy. Unprecedented demand for herbal drugs and ignorance of herbal drug collectors-which are mostly collected from wild sources-, has lead to adulteration of genuine drugs which affects the quality of final products.Method:In the present era, authentication and standardization in accordance with Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) is the strategy to ensure the genuineness of medicinal plants used in Ayurveda.Result:Different standard operating procedures are adopted to ensure genuineness, identity and quality of herbal medicines. It is also essential to establish internationally recognized guidelines for ensuring the raw material quality along with Ayurvedic parameters.Conclusion:Based on methods like comparative phytochemical analysis, organoleptic identification, macroscopy, microscopy and TLC of Alpinia species, this paper attempts to illustrate the importance of authentication and standardization of raw materials.

Purpose:Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in our society with Dyslipidaemia contributing significantly to atherosclerosis. All components of Dyslipidaemia get the most attention because of the link between plasma lipids & CVD, as it is major risk factor for fatal diseases such as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). As described in Ayurveda, Medodushtijanya Sign & Symptoms shows strikingly resemblance with Dyslipidaemia explained in modern text. Thus while treating the Medodushti, selection of Dravya should have criteria that help to Lekhana of excessive MedaKapha without Vayuprakopa & normalising the Agni both at the level of Jatharagni & Dhatwagni. Thus to assess the efficacy of Lekhana Basti & Amrutadhya Guggulu, present study was planned.Method:30 clinically diagnosed & investigated individuals of Dyslipidaemia. Patients were selected from OPD & IPD of Arogyashala, NIA, Jaipur. Patients were administered Amrutadhya Guggulu in dose of 3g/day in three divided doses with 15 Lekhana Basti.Result:The results were highly significant in both Subjective as well as Objective parameters.Conclusion:Dyslipidaemia is very prevalent in today's society & the risk factor for cardiovascular disorders mostly seen associated with diabetes mellitus & Hypertension. Thus, it can be concluded that from the present clinical trial both the Amrutadhya Guggulu & Lekhana Basti are highly effective in management of the Dyslipidaemia. This study gave very effective, safe, & easily manageable management of Dyslipidaemia in cheaper rate.