The present study utilised the Maxent model to predict the distribution of the rattan species Calamus flagellum in Assam to prepare potential distribution and future predictions of suitable zones using bioclimatic variables and CMIP6 environmental models within a GIS framework, focusing on the BCC-CSM2-MR-ssp126 model for the period 2021-2040. Along with the predicted variables, a land use and land cover prediction map of 2040 is also prepared using MOLUSCE plugins (ANN-Multi layer perception) from QGIS 2.8.2 version to anticipate and establish probable land use changes in the year 2040 as well as to detect the transition of land use changes in the study area for the three periods 2014, 2017 and 2020. The model demonstrates high significance with AUC validation statistics of 0.96 for current and 0.95 for future predictions. These results can be utilized to conserve the species under both present and future climatic scenarios.

Forest restoration activities have been being carried out across the globe in order to improve degraded forest ecosystem. For Indonesia context, forest restoration in conservation areas need to consider both ecological aspects and regulating access for the community. A study on perceptions and awareness of local community towards restoration program was conducted from April to May 2021 in Cihanyawar Village, Sukabumi District, West Java, Indonesia. The village located adjacent to the Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP), one of Indonesia’s conservation area that has been gazeted as UNESCO’s biosphere reserve since 1982. The objective of this study is to assess perception and awareness of local community towards “Green Wall” restoration program in the GGPNP. We employed questionnaires method for assessing socio-economic of community. Socio-economic analyses of 100 respondents show that they are at the age range between 30 -50 years (48%), low education level (73%), the majority work as farmers (96%), with the income ranging from 1 to 3 million Rupiah (US$ 69 to 207) per month (83%). Based on respondents’ age, education level, occupation, and income level, they have a moderate level of perception and awareness of green wall restoration program. Chi-square test shows that the level of community perception is not influenced by age and education levels but influenced by occupation and income levels. While the community awareness level is not influenced by age, occupancy and income level, but influenced by the education level. The results of the study provide evidence that restoring ecosystem is important for the social and economic aspects of communities around conservation area.

, Lichens not only play a major role in plant succession as pioneer species but also provide many ecosystem services. Various anthropogenic activities like habitat destruction, air pollution and over exploitation of lichens for economic uses seem to be the main threats for loss of lichen diversity. Hence, for in situ conservation of lichens, it is a prioritised need to document lichen species of a locality. Lichens of Assam are being extensively studied from a taxonomic point of view in recent years. An accurate and updated checklist of lichens is not available so far. Here we expand the knowledge of the lichen of Assam by critically surveyed the literatures and prepared an updated list of total 657 species of Assam.

This study aims to explain Environmental Regulation Modeling in the Halimun Salak Regional Green Economy Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from the National Park which is expected to be a sustainable solution in supporting the creation of a balance between the economic and environmental concepts, especially in the Halimun Salak national park area, Bogor, Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative method with a grounded theory approach. The results show that the current environmental regulatory modeling has not been successful in implementing green economy efficiency in the salak forest area. This is evidenced by the findings that there are overlapping regulations, low economic income, the increasing population in the salak forest area, and the lack of resolution of legal protection cases. As well as the implementation of environmental policies to date is still in the form of command and control, which causes discrepancies between the parties that are interrelated. As a result, it is necessary to change the environmental policy model for forest areas, namely by using the rational choice theory model. This policy model will become a new solution in implementing increasingly dynamic policies following changes in human behavior and technological developments. Environmental policies that are made must be a role model in an open and dynamic implementation.

The focus of ongoing research in forest ecosystems is highly biased towards vascular epiphytes that grow non-parasitically on host trees and contribute substantially in shaping biodiversity. In this communication, an effort has been made to understand the vascular epiphytic assemblage and richness along the altitudinal gradients in temperate forests of Darjeeling Himalaya. Additionally, influence of environmental variables was also analyzed. Orchidaceae was the dominant family followed by Polypodiaceae and Ericaceae in terms of species abundance. The epiphytic richness and diversity were greater towards lower altitudinal tier compared to the higher. The epiphytic diversity was positively correlated with host tree CBH (circumference at breast height) and bark texture, while bark pH showed a negative correlation. The outcome of this study establishes a baseline of epiphytic characteristics with respect to elevational range and environmental variables in temperate Himalaya. However, a detailed study on population dynamics, habitat evaluation and geographic aspects with further development on monitoring and conservation effort is of utmost necessity.

A survey on malacofauna in the river Teesta from March 2014 to February 2016 was done by using caste net of mesh size 0.5 mm. A total of 9 species belonging to 7 families were reported. All thesespecies are under Least Concern (LC) category. One invasive species Physellaacuta also reported from the river Teesta. Of the 9 species, 7 are edible molluscs. Diversity indices and PCA were done by PAST software. Number of taxa, dominance index, Shannon diversity index, evenness index and Margalef’s richness index were ranged from3-7, 0.123-0.50, 0.868-2.149, 0.5659-0.9531 and 0.8049-2.25respectively. Shannon diversity index and evenness index were maximum during monsoon and minimum during winter season.

A survey was conducted on the cold water fish diversity in the different rivers of the Dooars region with the help of fisherman. Data was collected on the monthly basis by using different nets. A total of 71 cold water fishes were reported during the study period. Most dominant family was cyprinidae with 32 species followed by Sisoridae with 12 species; Balitoridae 8 and Bagridae with 4 species etc. 70 cold water fish species in the river Teesta, 63 in Jaldhaka, 66 in Torsa, 61 in Kaljani and 66 in the river Sankosh were recorded. Ten Endangered and 31 Vulnerable species were reported from all the five rivers. Out of 71 cold water fishes many have consumption and ornamental value. Many migratory and sport cold water fishes are also reported. Catch frequency status indicates many fishes found rare and extremely rare during the study.

The present study was conducted in intertidal rocky shores at Wellamadama and Kamburugamuwa of Matara district from June to November 2018. A line transect method was employed perpendicular to the shore and randomly placed quadrats were used to identify and quantify the species. Collectively 34 species of intertidal macroinvertebrate fauna were identified. Shanon-Weiner index, Menhinick’s index, and Pielou’s index for Wellamadama were 1.8271, 0.5612, and 0.7620 respectively, while those in Kamburugamuwa were 1.9281, 0.4307, and 0.7517. Higher species diversity was recorded at the rocky shores of Kamburugamuwa, while higher species richness and evenness at Wellamadama rocky shores. The Jaccard similarity index indicates a low similarity (<50%) between two study rocky shores. Clypidina notata, Cellana rota, and Patelloida striata were the dominant species in the low tide zone. Highly abundant species in mid tidal zone at Wellamadama was Nodilittorina quadricincta, while that of in mid-tide zone at Kamburugamuwa was Chiton sp. Periwinkle snails were dominating the high tide zone of both study rocky shores of which Nodilittorina trochoides dominated at Wellamadama and Littoraria undulata dominated at Kamburugamuwa. The study indicates that community assemblages in intertidal rocky shores vary spatially and comprehensive studies are essential to investigate the controlling factors.

Rich biodiversity is of fundamental significance for the foundation and adaptability of the precipitous biological system. In any case, this huge biodiversity begins vanishing at a quick rate because of human interference and over-exploitation of timberland and other common assets. The status of wildlife in Uttarakhand at Himalaya is much better than in other regions of India. But it becomes slowly disappearing due to the human encroachment and over-exploitation of forest and other natural resources. Musk Deer along the higher spans and Sambar, Yelping Deer, and so forth underneath the tree line are significant warm-blooded creatures. The present investigation was done in the Garhwal Himalayan region of Uttarakhand to uncover the effect of height and microclimatic conditions on wildlife. It is extremely vital and very fundamental for the individuals of the present era to go profoundly through the world of wildlife.

Globally, the resources devoted to biodiversity conservation are insufficient to prevent biodiversity loss, forcing conservation agencies to prioritize which species receive active protection. Accordingly, we developed an objective method for prioritizing the terrestrial vertebrates of Saudi Arabia, a country with limited baseline ecological data and limited conservation effort. Ninety-seven species were regarded as High Conservation Priority on the basis that they are listed as globally or regionally threatened and/or have more than 50% of their range within Saudi Arabia. We then scored these 97 species according to measures of extinction risk, level of endemicity, national responsibility, and phylogenetic distinctness to create a ranked list of High Conservation Priority species. The ten highest conservation priority species in Saudi Arabia are all freshwater fish or small reptiles, with the highest ranked species being the critically endangered Arabian Bream Acanthobrama hadiyahensis. We developed GIS heat maps of the summed conservation priority scores for the 97 High Conservation Priority species, which reveal the Asir Mountains as the highest conservation priority area within the Kingdom. The method we developed can be used on any group of species in any geographicarea and can be easily revised as additional data arise.