Eczema herpeticum (EH), also known as varicelliform eruption of Kaposi, is a herpes simplex virus infection that develops mainly in the setting of pre-existing chronic dermatoses such as atomic dermatitis, ichthyosis, seborrheic dermatitis, Darier's disease, pemphigus foliaceus, mycosis fungoides, and psoriasis, and is most commonly associated with atopic dermatitis.In this article, we describe an 18-year-old female patient with atopic dermatitis diagnosed with EH after subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and present this very rare side effect in the light of the current literature.

Latex allergy is a disease with increasing prevalence and importance and can be seen in the whole population, especially in healthcare workers and those working in rubber production.It can lead to clinical pictures ranging from allergic urticaria to dermatitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, and even anaphylaxis.Various methods are used for the diagnosis, including the skin prick and patch tests, latex-specific immunoglobulin E, and nasal provocation.Latex fruit syndromes may also occur due to cross-reactivity with latex.Preventive measures and patient education constitute the most important part of the treatment.Medication, latex immunotherapy, and the use of omalizumab are among the main treatment modalities.

Objective: Risk of severe systemic reactions(SR) with subsequent hymenoptera stings for patients who had a large local reaction (LLR) or only cutaneous symptoms is considered to be negligible but recent studies report cases who have experienced more severe reactions.We aimed to evaluate the frequency of reactions that are more severe than previous ones after re-sting for children with hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity reactions. Materials and Methods:Children who had attended four pediatric allergy clinics for reactions due to hymenoptera sting were questioned for previous and subsequent stings by phone call.Number of stings, characteristics of reactions, type of bee were recorded.Whether they had a reaction more severe than the first reaction with subsequent stings was evaluated.Results: By phone call, 148 children who had LLR or SR were contacted.Of these 55 had a subsequent sting after LLR or SR and 49 had had reactions more than once.In 29 patients (59.1%), there was a more severe subsequent reaction.Twenty (52.6%) of 38 children with LLR had Grade II-III SR with subsequent stings.Age, gender, type of hymenoptera, living place, presence of concomitant allergic reaction in children and/or parents of patients who had or did not have a more severe reaction with subsequent stings were not different between two groups.Median number of hymenoptera stings and sequence of the subsequent sting causing the most severe reaction were higher among patients who had a more severe reaction (p<0.001,p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion:Our results show that we may be underestimating the risk of more severe reactions with subsequent stings for children.

79

Cystic fibrosis is a life-shortening disease characterized by the mutation of the salt transporter cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein.Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment, which has been used since 2019, has had effects such as improving the quality of life, improving respiratory functions, and reducing the rate of pulmonary exacerbations.The real-life side effects of the drug are still emerging due to the new use of modulator therapies and their new spread around the world.There are no proven protocols regarding these side effects yet.Strategies for managing adverse drug reactions to these drugs are important to ensure that as many patients as possible benefit from them.

Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by maturation arrest in the granulopoiesis stage of the myelocytic lineage, accompanied by early-onset bacterial infections.Absolute neutrophil count in the peripheral blood in SCN patients is typically below 500/mm.In humans, the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex consists of six proteins located on the 7S ribonucleoprotein (RNA) molecule.The signal recognition particle 54 (SRP54) protein forms the basic element of this complex with its guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity, regulating this whole physiological process.This case report features a three-year-old girl with isolated severe congenital neutropenia with a heterozygous mutation in the SRP54 gene.

Objective: The distribution of sensitization to inhalant allergens differs in every region of Turkey.This study aimed to determine the sensitization rates of common inhalant allergens in adult allergic rhinitis (AR) patients with/without asthma in Batman. Materials and Methods:A total number of 260 AR patients with or without asthma who presented to the outpatient clinic of Adult Immunology and Allergy between April 2021 and May 2022 were retrospectively evaluated.The demographic, clinical and laboratory features such as skin prick test (SPT) results, eosinophil counts (n/mm 3 ), basophil counts (n/mm 3 ), Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet/Lymphocyte ratio (PLR), total Ig-E and specific Ig-E levels were analyzed.The parameters were compared between the subjects who have mild and moderate/severe AR. Results:The mean age was 31.9±9.7 years and more than half (62.5%) were female.When assessed separately, the most common inhalant allergens were Dermatophagoides (D.) farinae (n=128, 49.2%), Grass mix (n=119, 45.8%), Grass-cereal mix (n=112, 43.1%), D. pteronyssinus (n=94, 36.2%),Cockroach (n=77, 29.6%), Weed mix (n=57, 21.9%) and Aspergillus fumigatus (n=35, 13.5%), respectively.Additionally, the most common tree pollen allergen was Olive tree pollen (n=26, 10%), and the frequency of sensitization to Olive tree pollen was higher in moderate/severe (n=215, 82.7%) AR patients than in mild (n=45, 17.3%) ones (p=0.039). Conclusion:This study demonstrated that pollen sensitization was the most commonly detected one when the sensitizations were assessed in general, and it was followed by house dust mite, cockroach, animal epithelium and mold sensitizations.Also, Olive tree pollen was the most common tree pollen allergen in Batman.

The updated version of the international guideline for urticaria covers the definition and classification of urticaria and outlines expert-guided and evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the different subtypes of urticaria (1). We would like to share our opinions about the management of acute and chronic urticaria, and the algorithm of transition from acute urticaria treatment to chronic urticarial treatment.

Objective: Allergic and non-allergic rhinitis are quite similar from a clinical viewpoint and allergen sensitivity seems to be the important relevant difference between them. However, the role of vitamin-D (vit-D) as an immunomodulator hormone and on rhinitis phenotypes is not clear. We aimed to investigate the relation between vit-D levels and patients with rhinitis as allergic (AR) and non-allergic (NAR).