Shading devices are essential for reducing solar radiation and cooling loads in buildings located in tropical climates. In the Jakarta region, the highest solar factor is observed on west- and east-facing facades, followed by north- and south-facing orientations. National building policy in Indonesia encourages facades to face north–south to reduce solar heat gain. This study explores horizontal static and dynamic shading devices on north-facing facades and evaluates their impact on cooling load reduction and daylight performance. The methodology includes calculating and simulating energy use intensity (EUI) using EnergyPlus and conducting illuminance analysis using Radiance and Grasshopper. Key parameters considered in the shading design include sun position, illuminance levels, and EUI. The results show that static shading devices with a fixed tilt angle of 20° and a depth of 1.2 m reduce the cooling load by 15.82% while ensuring that at least 30% of the workspace floor area receives an average illuminance of 300 lux throughout the year. Meanwhile, dynamic shading devices with adjustable tilt angles ranging from 10° to 40°, following the sun’s position, reduce the cooling load by 15.75%–18.83%. This configuration consistently ensures that at least 30% of the workspace floor area achieves 300 lux of illuminance each month. These findings provide a practical reference for the design of north-facing shading devices in tropical climates, balancing thermal performance and daylight availability.

Smart buildings have become a key part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, driven by the need for efficient, sustainable, and adaptive built environments. Their importance is growing alongside Indonesia’s effort to develop smart cities. This study compares Indonesia’s national smart building certification system, established under Ministerial Regulation No. 10 of 2023, with two international systems: the European Union’s Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI) and the SmartScore certification. The analysis uses a literature review and comparative method to examine each system’s assessment criteria, scoring method, and certification tier. The findings show that Indonesia’s regulation includes six parameters, such as cybersecurity and operational management. SRI covers nine technical domains with emphasis on energy efficiency and occupant comfort. SmartScore focuses on user functionality and technological foundation. The comparison shows both overlap and variation in technical coverage, sustainability goals, and adaptability to climate and user needs. Although Indonesia’s system is comprehensive, it would benefit from closer alignment with international standards and stronger regulatory support to improve adoption and building performance. This study recommends more government incentives, better infrastructure, and stronger stakeholder education to support smart building development in Indonesia.

Global awareness of climate change impacts has compelled the power sector to adopt renewable energy as a primary source of electricity, driving innovation in renewable energy business models. This study analyzes the feasibility of Energy as a Service (EaaS) with a Third-Party Ownership (TPO) scheme for utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) development in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. Four scenarios of utility-scale solar PV configurations under the EaaS model are evaluated: on-grid ground-mounted (OG-GM), hybrid ground-mounted (H-GM), on-grid floating (OG-F), and hybrid floating (H-F). All scenarios are developed under the assumption of utilizing the PLN grid through a power wheeling lease agreement. The optimal capacity for each scenario is determined using HOMER Pro, followed by an economic analysis to identify the most viable configuration. The results indicate that both on-grid and hybrid configurations can support the consumer’s objective of achieving 100% renewable energy usage. Among the evaluated scenarios, on-grid floating solar PV emerges as the most viable option, providing benefits for both consumers and EaaS providers, including potential electricity cost savings of 16% and avoided emissions of up to 41,299 tons of CO₂ per year. To fully achieve 100% renewable energy consumption, consumers must transition to hybrid configurations, enabling an emission-free electricity system and eliminating the need for Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) purchases. This transition can generate potential annual savings of USD 40,590.96, although it results in an increase in electricity costs of up to 117% due to the integration of battery energy storage systems without grid support. Overall, the implementation of the EaaS TPO model offers mutual benefits for both consumers and energy service companies and can serve as a catalyst for accelerating renewable energy deployment in Indonesia.

The construction sector plays a critical role in urban development and economic growth, yet it continues to face major challenges that threaten worker health and safety. Traditional safety measures are not always sufficient for the complex conditions found on construction sites, which creates a need for technology‑based solutions. This study investigates the relationship between technology adoption and health and safety practices in the construction industry in Lagos, Nigeria. The study identifies the major causes of site accidents, examines the level of technology use on construction sites, and reviews existing literature through both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from registered construction professionals, while secondary data were obtained from journals and conference papers. Questionnaires were distributed through email and social media platforms, and 141 valid responses were received. Findings show that the leading causes of construction hazards were lack of training (mean = 3.79) and non‑compliance with safety procedures (mean = 3.70). The overall level of technology adoption for site safety was low (mean = 2.75), although some tools were more widely used than others. The most significant barrier to adoption was the high cost of acquiring new technologies (mean = 4.52). Statistical analysis showed a strong positive correlation between technology adoption and accident reduction (r = 0.62, p = 0.001). Technology‑based safety training was significantly associated with improved compliance (χ² = 12.45, p = 0.002). Wearable technology also had a significant effect on incident reporting (F = 4.76, p = 0.012), and access to mobile safety applications showed a positive correlation with risk reporting (r = 0.45, p = 0.045). Overall, the study concludes that technology contributes positively to construction health and safety in southwestern Nigeria. The study recommends increased investment in training, awareness programs, and financial support to encourage wider adoption of safety technologies.

The increase in population and motorized vehicles in Bengkalis City has led to greater demand for public transportation, which remains insufficient in meeting accessibility needs. This study aims to develop a model for planning public transportation routes using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to improve accessibility in Bengkalis City. The study employs primary data from field surveys and secondary data from relevant agencies. GIS-based spatial analysis methods, such as service area analysis and the Origin-Destination (OD) matrix, are applied to evaluate accessibility and passenger movement patterns. The analysis results in two route alternatives assessed based on stop point density, community accessibility, and passenger distribution. The first alternative is identified as more effective in serving population centers and minimizing service gaps. The findings provide a spatially grounded approach to transportation planning and may support local efforts to improve public transport coverage.

Infrastructure development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) requires diversified financing strategies to address a significant funding shortfall that cannot be met by domestic resources alone. This research evaluates the contributions of external financing—namely Official Development Assistance (ODA), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI)—in complementing domestic efforts to advance infrastructure in SSA. It examines their influence, alongside governance, on the development of physical and social infrastructure components. Employing methodologies such as Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) and System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) across 43 SSA economies from 2000 to 2022, the analysis reveals that FDI substantially enhances physical infrastructure development but does not significantly impact social infrastructure. In contrast, ODA is shown to have a negative direct effect on overall infrastructure development, whereas PPI shows no significant direct influence. However, when considering indirect effects mediated by governance, all external financing sources positively affect both types of infrastructure, except for PPI’s influence on social infrastructure. Theoretically, this study reinforces the critical roles of economic growth, institutional quality, and external financing in supporting infrastructure development, as suggested by related theories. The study recommends that SSA authorities should focus on attracting more foreign investment, particularly in physical infrastructure projects, and encourage a broader diversification of external financing sources beyond FDI alone. Moreover, enhancing governance practices is essential for effective resource allocation and utilization. The study also advocates for improved public spending efficiency through enhanced project prioritization and governance reforms to foster sustainable infrastructure development in the region.

Joint Operation (JO) construction companies in Indonesia face persistent challenges in technology transfer, including misalignment between advanced technologies and organizational capacities. Knowledge management has been proposed as a strategic solution, but its implementation remains underdeveloped. This study develops a framework to enhance technology transfer in JO construction projects through improved knowledge management practices. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines a literature review with an analytical hierarchy process, fuzzy set theory, and a simple additive weighting method, supported by data from selected respondents involved in the Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project (CP201). Key findings identify knowledge acquisition, utilization, and sharing as critical processes, with sub-criteria such as clarity of roles and responsibilities and external collaboration emerging as pivotal. The SECI (Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization) model is applied to guide the development of actionable strategies for effective knowledge management. This study contributes a tailored framework for Indonesian JO construction companies, bridging gaps in technology transfer and advancing organizational capabilities. Practical recommendations are provided to improve knowledge integration and foster sustainable growth in infrastructure projects.

Floods represent a significant global disaster, occurring more frequently and causing severe damage. The effective production of pumps is crucial in supporting flood infrastructure projects. Lean Manufacturing (LM) and Project Management (PM) approaches must be incorporated to improve pump production manufacturing. Therefore, this study aims to identify the critical success factors that enhance LM performance in pump production projects for flood management through surveys conducted among pump manufacturers, governmental bodies, and relevant stakeholders engaged in flood infrastructure projects. The study's results highlight the importance of understanding and analyzing project complexity, aligning pump design with project requirements, and mastering processes and technical aspects, including method compliance and continuous improvement within the Lean framework. Effective project management, emphasizing goal clarity, planning, and execution, is also crucial. The insights obtained from this study significantly contribute to understanding the critical considerations in pump production to support flood infrastructure projects.

The degradation of reinforced concrete (RC) structures amidst the progression of corrosion within alkalisilica reaction (ASR)-affected structures is a complex phenomenon marked by diverse causal factors and repercussions. While the initiation phase of chloride-induced steel corrosion and ASR in RC structures has received extensive scrutiny, insufficient attention has been dedicated to comprehending the propagation phase (tp). Therefore, this study addresses this gap by centering its focus on the propagation phase, driven by the imperative need to formulate efficient and sustainable maintenance, repair, and management strategies for RC structures grappling with the concurrent impacts of degradation mechanisms such as ASR and corrosion. The use of corrosion initiation for predicting the operational lifespan of RC structures has been subject to rigorous examination by researchers and engineers, especially in light of recent breakthroughs in the concrete construction industry. In this context, the present investigation presents early findings, employing durability index tests to analyze the durability attributes of concrete incorporating both reactive and non-reactive materials (aggregates). Furthermore, the study proposes enhancements to prior research endeavors in this domain. While additional data is requisite to ascertain the cumulative influence of ASR and corrosion, conducting a comparative analysis of fluid transport rates through ASR-susceptible and ASR-non-susceptible concretes offers valuable insights into the maintenance and restoration of RC structures afflicted by both corrosion and ASR.

Studies show that most urban planning systems in many countries still rely on expert-driven, top-down technocratic plan-making processes rather than a public and people-led process. The objective of this paper is twofold: (a) to evaluate the need for public participation in the plan-making process; and (b) to highlight the factors that affect public participation in the plan-making process. A qualitative approach is adapted to obtain these objectives by conducting observations, document studies, and interviews with real-world phenomena. The Metropolitan Area of Abuja, the capital of Nigeria, is examined as the case study. The research finds that public participation and engagement contribute to the plan-making process by identifying the critical urban issues unique to the specific local areas, establishing priorities, and mobilizing resources to meet the identified needs. It also shows that the development of a participation model by city authorities encourages public engagement and helps develop trust between the authorities and various key stakeholder groups. When the public is engaged in developing a particular plan, they become more invested. As they are more inclined to accept, promote and defend it, plan implementation can be enhanced.