ABSTRACT Cellulose‐based materials, being renewable, eco‐friendly, and abundant, have strong potential for CO 2 adsorption. Their adsorption performance depends on both the cellulose source and the preparation method. In addition, strategies for improving CO 2 capture depend on the type of cellulose used. This paper summarizes recent progress and evaluates the practical prospects of using cellulose nanomaterials for CO 2 adsorption and separation. It first introduces nanocellulose and its preparation methods. Then, it examines materials derived from cellulose, such as activated carbon and cellulose aerogels, for CO 2 capture. Also, this study compares cellulose preparation methods from different sources, analyzes their performance in CO 2 adsorption, and evaluates the impact of various modification techniques. Finally, it outlines current challenges, including scalability, cost‐effectiveness, stability under realistic conditions, and suggests directions for future research aimed at developing cellulose‐based adsorbents suitable for large‐scale and industrial use, with a particular focus on comparative analysis of processing pathways and modification strategies.

Abstract Controlled‐release fertilizers (CRFs) offer a sustainable pathway to enhance nutrient use efficiency while reducing the environmental burdens associated with conventional fertilizers. By delivering nutrients in synchrony with plant demand, CRFs minimize volatilization, leaching, and eutrophication and support soil microbial function. Biopolymer‐based matrices have emerged as promising candidates due to their biodegradability and tunable properties, yet their low mechanical strength and high permeability require reinforcement and improved processing strategies. Advances in coating technologies, ranging from chemical to solvent‐free physical methods, have been key to improving CRF performance. Although chemical coatings are effective, their reliance on organic solvents motivates a shift toward greener techniques such as melt blending, spray coating, and extrusion. Melt blending is particularly attractive for its simplicity and compatibility with three‐dimensional (3D) printing, enabling precise control of architecture and release kinetics. Remaining challenges include optimizing material formulations and tailoring release profiles to specific crops and environments.

Abstract 1‐Dodecanol, a medium‐chain fatty alcohol containing 12 carbon atoms, has attracted industrial interest due to its widespread applications. However, its traditional production methods, which rely on petrochemical and plant‐based sources, may raise concerns related to environmental impact and resource use. As an alternative, microbial cell factories using engineered Escherichia coli have emerged as a promising approach, with the aid of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. This review explores strategies for engineering E. coli for 1‐dodecanol biosynthesis, focusing on modifications of the native fatty acid biosynthetic pathways to direct the flux toward de novo 1‐dodecanol production. We present a workflow for modifying the pathways and discuss studies that have implemented engineered E. coli for 1‐dodecanol production. The challenges of product toxicity and low yields are also discussed. This review highlights the potential of microbial cell factories for sustainable 1‐dodecanol production and outlines opportunities for future optimization and scale‐up.

Abstract Cancer is still a primary worldwide health concern because of poor prognosis, adverse therapeutic reactions, and drug resistance. Although developments in several disciplines offer promise, natural chemicals derived from algae offer a promising new direction. Algae provide a potential replacement for conventional chemotherapy due to their diverse chemical composition and possible advantages, including quicker effect and reduced toxicity. Though the use of chemicals generated from algae in drug development is still in its earliest stages, further research into this area could provide lots of information and open the door to new and safer cancer treatments. The potential of various algae in the fight against cancer is examined in this comprehensive review. The review explores the wide range of bioactive chemicals present in different forms of algae. It discusses their way of action, which includes immune response regulation, cell death induction, and angiogenesis inhibition. Particular substances, such as polysaccharides, and the methods used to isolate them are covered, as well as how well they work against different kinds of cancer.

Abstract Enzyme immobilization has propelled the pharmaceutical sector forward by playing a critical role in chemical synthesis; therefore, biocatalyst reuse in pharmaceutical industries has received significant attention due to its eco‐friendly nature and potential for streamlining future utilization. In particular, nitrilases have emerged as potential biocatalysts in synthesizing pharmaceutical intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Enzyme immobilization has created a platform for nitrilase that significantly improved its thermal stability and reusability, increasing its commercial value in the pharmaceutical industry. The current article provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in the immobilization of nitrilases in continuous flow systems, focusing on how this approach contributes to the efficiency and sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry. The exploitation of advantages of immobilization, such as improved stability, reusability, and ease of isolation, along with nitrilase biocatalysts, has proven to be an invaluable tool in the pursuit of more environment‐friendly and efficient pharmaceutical synthesis.

Abstract Bacterial granular sludge (BGS) process is currently believed to be feasible biological technique for wastewater treatment. However, several shortcomings have been identified. Hence, it became critical to employ environment‐friendly microalgae in the granulation process. The microalgal‐bacterial granular sludge (M‐BGS) technique for nutrient removal relies mostly on microbial absorption. The peculiar shape of M‐BGS can give rise to improved separation among sludge and treated wastewater. Hence, this article provides a review of the literature on the several developments in the applications microalgae for aerobic granulation and wastewater treatment. The review emphasized the current state of M‐BGS use for wastewater treatment and discussed the effects of physical, environmental, operational, and microbiological factors on M‐BGS system. The review identified inhibitory effect of various xenobiotic compounds that could induce decoupling of symbiosis in M‐BGS systems. M‐BGS has proven to be effective as it provides ecologically beneficial and sustainable remedies for the challenges faced during wastewater treatment.

Abstract Heat exchangers (HXs) are crucial in transmitting thermal energy in various industrial and domestic applications. Efforts to improve the design of HXs over the years have resulted in heat transfer enhancement with the penalty of pressure loss (∆P). Researchers have implemented various methods to enhance heat transfer. These methods have been categorized based on the need for external power. Active heat transfer methods require external energy, whereas passive heat transfer methods operate without an external power source. Increasing the effective surface area for heat transfer or inducing turbulence through surface alterations can improve passive heat transfer, leading to secondary flow. Of all the surface alterations, the corrugated tubes are particularly significant for enhancing the heat transfer in a turbulent flow, as they result in a reasonable increase in ΔP. Apart from an increase in ΔP, the initial cost of corrugated tube HX is higher than that of simple HX. Therefore, one should not write off the economic analysis of any passive enhancement technique. Various applications increasingly use corrugation in systems like the primary and secondary heat transport systems of nuclear reactors, refrigeration, and other industries. This paper critically reviews thermal investigations for improving heat transfer and a comprehensive economic analysis of corrugated tube HXs.