This study describes preparation a new series of complexes from metal ions Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with Schiff base (L) derived from condensation of vanillin with ethylenediamine . Structures of the ligands were identified using IR, UV-Vis, Mass, elemental analysis and 1H-NMR techniques. All prepared complexes have been identified by recording the melting points, conductivity, FT-IR , UV-Vis spectroscopy, metal analysis by atomic absorption, elemental analysis (CHNO) and measuring magnetic and. All compounds studies biological activity (E. Coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger), the activity of bacteria was examined and the results showed that their mineral complexes have good antibacterial activities.

A stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of the estimation of newly synthesized (E)-3-(2,4,6-tri-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylpro-2 ene-1-one in API form by using C18 column Phenomenix (250 mm x4.6 mm,5µm), with a mobile phase consisting of a acetonitrile and methanol (40:60 v/v) with flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The detection was carried out at 370 nm and retention time (Rt) of (E)-3-(2, 4, 6- tri-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylpro-2 ene-1-one was found to be 2.55 min. Linearity was observed from the concentration range of 10-50µg/mL (n=5), (coefficient of determination R2 was 0.997) with the equation of y= 0.495x + 0.111. The method was repeatable with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.16 to 1.98 %. The newly developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines with respect to specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. (E)-3-(2,4,6-tri-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylpro-2 ene-1-one was subjected to different stress conditions as per ICH guidelines like acidic alkaline, oxidative, thermal and the results showed that it was more sensitive towards oxidative.

Isoproterenol is an important catecholamine-based drug that is widely used in the treatment of heart disease. The present paper introduced one of the new modifications for the surfaces of glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) using the CuO nanoflowers (CuO NFs) for determination of isoproterenol. Electrochemical properties of the CuO NFs/GCE for detecting isoproterenol were tested using the cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CHA) as well as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Electrochemical studies demonstrated an efficient isoproterenol oxidation, with enhanced peak current from 2.9 µA to about 10.0 µA (3.4% increase) and decreased peak potential from 500 mV to about 300 mV. The linear response for the determination of isoproterenol was obtained in ranges for concentrations between 0.3 and 450.0 μM under the most proper conditions and the limit of detection (LOD) equaled 0.09 μM. Also, the modified electrode is utilized for simultaneously determining isoproterenol and theophylline using DPV. The proposed CuO NFs/GCE sensor was effectively employed for the isoproterenol and theophylline detection in the isoproterenol ampoule and urine samples.

In this study, a PVC membrane electrode was modified by a derivative of lawason that is a neutral ionophore for Cd (II) determination in alloy and wastewater as real samples. The modified electrode showed a linear electrochemical response to Cd (II) concentration between 5.0×10−8 to 1.5×10−1 molL-1 (LOD = 2.51×10−8 molL-1). In selecting and determining the level of an effective composite of the membrane, the highest results were achieved in the membrane composition 33% PVC, 64.0% TEHP, 1.5% NaTPB, and 1.5% ionophore. The time it takes for the response to reach its maximum and remain stable at this electrode is very favorable (response time < 12 s). The responses of the electrode in consecutive uses for two months did not deviate significantly. In investigating the disturbance of other ions and compounds in the measurement of cadmium, the designed electrode had a very good selectivity for cadmium. The best conditions for measuring cadmium with this electrode are in an acidic environment (pH range of 2.8–6.5). In this research, potentiometric titration with the use of chromate as titrant was used in water and alloy samples.

Curcumin and its nano-phytosome have anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties that may decrease the concentration of metabolic factors, inflammatory parameters and anxiety in stressed rats. However, the effects of administration of of curcumin on inflammation and anxiety have not still been investigated. This study was conducted to scrutinize the metabolic factors, anxiety-like behavior and inflammatory factors in rats exposed to stress and treated with nano-phytosome of curcumin. Eighty femalerats were divided into four groups (n=20), including 1 and 2) non-stressed rats treated with saline (negative control) and nanophytosome (N-nano), 3 and 4) stressed rats treated with saline (Positive control) and nanophytosome (P-Nano). The rats in stressed groups were exposed to stress for 13 days and then treated for 21 days. Anxiety‑like behavior and inflammatory factors of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2 and the concentration of glucose and triglycerides were assessed following the treatment with nano-phytosome. The results showed that the induction of stress increased anxiety symptoms (p <0.05), the inflammation (p <0.05) and blood parameters (p <0.05), but the treatment with nano-phytosome of curcumin reduced anxiety symptoms (p <0.05), the inflammation (p <0.05) and blood parameters (p <0.05). Overall, the induction of stress caused the inflammation and anxiety and increased the concentration of glucose and triglycerides. However, the treatment of the rats with nanophytosome of curcumin reduced adverse effects of the stress on inflammation and anxiety paramters. This study showed positive effects of curcumin for decreasing the inflammation and anxiety in the stressed rats, but clinical studies are required for its confirmation on human.

In this work, silver thin films were prepared using sputtering at different deposition times with the nanoscale thickness. To investigate their surface morphology, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed. The surface topography of the samples studied using the AFM. The results revealed that, the roughness of the thin films enhanced by increasing the sputtering time. The permutation entropy (PE) was introduced as an interesting parameter to characterize the surface morphology. At the best of our knowledge, it is the first time one uses the PE for characterizing the thin films. Although the roughness might always enhance by increasing the film thickness, it was not the case for PE. The PE was found to be an independent parameter for characterizing the surface of thin film.

The physical properties, chemical and biological properties are evaluated through the Density Functional Theory (DFT) of molecular mechanics. The difference between Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) is starting from -5.91 to 6.15, which means that chemical reactions change the same for all anions. The biological activity of predictions given by QSAR calculation is forecasted where the PIC50 of all ionic liquids is near or less than -4.00, as a result, these are considered as the highly bioactive ionic liquids. To identify these molecules, computational data is used to determine the vibrational and electronic spectrum.

In this study, chemical reactivity of (4,0) and (5,0) AlN nanotubes by interaction with nitrosamine molecule as a carcinogen agent was investigated using the B3LYP/6-311++G (d) level of theory. The HOMO–LUMO gap, electronic chemical potential (m), hardness (ƞ), softness (S), the maximum amount of electronic charge (DNmax), and electrophilicity index (ω) for the monomers and complexes were calculated. The results show that the interaction of NA with nanotubes cab be changes electronic properties of nanotubes. To investigate the interactions between the NA molecule and nanotubes, analysis of atoms in molecules was performed at B3LYP/6-311++G (d) level of theory. The Multiwfn program was used to calculation of electron density of states (DOS). The charge transfer in complexes was calculated using the NBO analysis. The results of this work were compared with the results of adsorption of NA molecule on BN nanotubes. It is expected that the AlN nanotubes can be used as sensor for detection of NA molecules.

The chemical substances in our environment are rising day by day. Only some of them are degraded, but most of them are non-degradable. These non-degradable substances produce pollutions which cause instability, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem as pollutions and create a risk to the environment. To reduce the possibility of a system we must reduce the risk not by altering the effect but by the cause. Thus, green chemistry (GC) concept was introduced, and it is a rapidly emerging field of chemistry. The GC is the design of chemical products and procedures that decrease or remove the use and production of harmful substances. In recent years, various heterocyclic compounds have appeared owing to the extensive varieties of their pharmacological activities. Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic compound. It is a vital and advantaged structure in medicinal chemistry and plays a role with ample therapeutic activities like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer and antihistaminic. Because of its value, the processes for their synthesis have become a focus of synthetic chemists. Therefore, this review aims at compiling the chemistry of differently substituted benzimidazoles and some other methods. Conventional methods of synthesis need longer heating time, complicated and tedious apparatus set up which result in high cost and pollution in contrast to greener methods which are inexpensive.

Vanadium(IV) complex [VO((MeO-bph)2en)] (1), (MeO-bph)2en=N,N¢-bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone)-1,2-ethanediamine, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses (CHN), FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, SEM and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The title complex 1 was prepared by the reaction of VO(acac)2, 1,2-ethanediamine and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (molar ratio 1:1:2). The single-crystal X-ray analysis of 1 shows that the vanadium(IV) ion is located in a distorted square pyramid (N2O3) environment with the tetradentate Schiff base ligand coordinated in equatorial positions and one oxygen atom in the axial position. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the complex 1 decomposes in two stages. Finally, the complex was calcinated at 500 °C for 3 h and the V2O5 products characterized by FT-IR and SEM.