ABSTRACT Objective Parents experience shifts in parent–child dynamics across parenthood which can result in sleep changes for both the parent and the child. While sleep is a basic human need and vital for universal function, little attention has been given to how sleep is assessed across parenthood. The purpose of this review was to assess the breadth of literature on sleep assessment across parenthood. Method Guided by a standard scoping review framework, a search was completed using four databases. Three reviewers conducted title and abstract and full-text review, and two reviewers conducted data extraction. Consensus was reached among reviewers at each level. Results Three hundred seventy studies met inclusion criteria for the scoping review. Results indicated a lack of research focused on sleep in specific underrepresented parent populations, such as parents of adult children or parents of children with developmental disabilities. Conclusions These findings highlight trends in the literature on sleep across parenthood. Given the majority of studies included young adult-aged parents (ages 18–35 years), mothers or parents of children in infancy and used subjective measures of sleep, more research is needed on underrepresented parent populations and parents across parenthood for comprehensive resources and tailored evidence-based interventions to be developed.

ABSTRACT Background Traditional diagnostic systems often fail to capture the dimensional nature and overlap of emotional disorder traits. The Multidimensional Emotional Disorder Inventory (MEDI) was developed to integrate dimensional and categorical approaches. Objective This study aimed to validate the MEDI in an analog sample of individuals with obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs). Method Two studies were conducted: Study 1 used Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) to evaluate the MEDI’s factor structure, and Study 2 employed Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to validate the model. Results ESEM supported a nine-factor, 41-item solution largely replicating the original MEDI. Internal consistencies were acceptable (ω = .77–.92). Females scored higher than males on neurotic temperament, positive temperament, autonomic arousal, social concerns, and ESEM-derived avoidance. Both OCD and OCRD groups scored significantly higher than controls on all nine factors. The OCD group scored lower than controls on ESEM-derived positive temperament, while OCRD and OCD groups differed only on depression, with OCRD higher. Social concerns differed by group in the original MEDI but not in the ESEM model. Conclusion These findings support MEDI’s construct validity and clinical utility in capturing transdiagnostic emotional disorder traits, highlighting its value for dimensional assessment and theory-building in OCRDs.

ABSTRACT Objectives This study designed a group reminiscence intervention for older adults and evaluated its preliminary effects on loneliness and psychological well-being. Methods A randomized control trial with convergent parallel design. The intervention comprised 10 sessions based on simple-reminiscence techniques in a senior centre. Inclusion criteria: being lonely, non-institutionalized, ≥60 years and without cognitive impairment. Participants from two senior centres were randomly allocated to experimental or active-control groups. Loneliness and psychological well-being were measured at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up; qualitative data at follow-up. Results Seventeen women aged 60-72 (66.71 ± 3.077) participated. The experimental group showed significant reductions in emotional loneliness post-intervention (p < 0.05) and at three months (p < 0.05), and increased well-being post-intervention (p < 0.05). No immediate effects on social loneliness were found, but lower emotional (p < 0.05) and social loneliness (p < 0.01) emerged at follow-up. Qualitative findings highlighted the intervention as a meaningful space for social exchange. Conclusions Group reminiscence appears to reduce emotional loneliness and enhance well-being in older adults. Given the small, homogeneous sample and pilot nature, results are preliminary. Larger studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings. Results may inform future research and clinical practice.

ABSTRACT Introduction There is a high prevalence of depression and burnout in allied health students, emphasising the need to understand predictors of these outcomes. Examining perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process could extend understanding of these poor mental health outcomes, particularly understanding how rigidity and inflexibility in pursuing high standards impact depression and burnout in allied health students. Objectives This study investigates how psychological inflexibility may clarify understandings of perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process. A multidimensional approach to psychological flexibility was used to examine its mediating role in the relationships of perfectionism and depression, and perfectionism and burnout. Methods A cross-sectional correlational study design was used with 187 allied health students aged between 19 and 53 years old completing an online survey. Data were analysed using correlational and parallel mediation analysis. Results Higher levels of perfectionism were associated with greater depression (r = .38, p < .01) and burnout (r = .32, p < .01). Parallel mediation found cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance to mediate the perfectionism–depression relationship, whereas cognitive fusion and committed action meditated the perfectionism-burnout relationship. Conclusions These findings suggest psychological flexibility contributes to understanding of perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process.Individuals high in perfectionism tend to be strongly guided by rules about themselves, avoid distress, lack present moment awareness, and are inactive with valued goals. While, shared psychological flexibility processes account for the perfectionism–burnout relationship, cognitive fusion had a greater explanatory role in the perfectionism–depression relationship.

ABSTRACT Objective Perinatal mental health symptoms negatively impact maternal wellbeing, the mother-child relationship, and child development. Coparenting quality and parenting sense of competence may mediate these effects, yet most research has focused on community samples. Method This study recruited 86 women (M age = 30.95, SD = 10.14) seeking psychological therapy through an Australian Perinatal Mental Health Service. Participants completed self-report measures assessing self-compassion, coparenting, depression, attachment style and parenting competence before commencing psychological treatment. Results Hierarchical regression models identified dismissing attachment style (t = -2.366, p = .023) and higher stress (t = -2.265, p = .029) predicted poorer coparenting quality. Greater parenting sense of competency was uniquely predicted by self-compassion components – reduced self-judgement, t = 2.525, p = .033) and common humanity, t = 2.525, p = .016). Conclusion Targeting relational styles, stress and self-compassion in perinatal interventions may support parents experiencing mental health difficulties.

ABSTRACT Objective Quality of life can be impacted by changing body image satisfaction and self-esteem among patients post-bariatric surgery. Unfortunately, there is a lack of studies examining the relationship between the aforementioned variables. Thus, this study aimed to assess the relationship between body image satisfaction, self-esteem, and quality of life in Jordanian adult patients post-bariatric surgery. Methods A descriptive correlational design using convenience sampling was adopted to recruit 230 adult patients post-bariatric surgery in outpatient clinics in Jordan. A self-reported questionnaire consisting of the Body Image Scale, the Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, the WHOQOL-BREF, and demographic and surgery-related factors. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple linear regression were used to analyse data. Data collection took place between January and March 2024. Results The participants reported high ranges of body image satisfaction, moderate self-esteem, and high quality of life levels. Positive relationships were found between quality of life, body image satisfaction, and self-esteem. Additionally, positive relationships were found between marital status, age, time since surgery in months, monthly income, and quality of life. A negative relationship between quality of life and Body Mass Index post-surgery. The predictors of quality of life included marital status, time since surgery, income, Body Mass Index post-surgery, body image satisfaction, and self-esteem. Discussion This study highlighted the importance of thorough assessments to evaluate quality of life and related factors. Healthcare professionals need to develop interventions for improving the quality of life among adults post bariatric surgery considering body image, self-esteem, and other correlated factors.

ABSTRACT Objective Social support and resilience have been established as key factors in managing symptoms of postpartum anxiety. Understanding the influence of resilience on the relationship between social support and anxiety during the postpartum period can help to improve support for anxious postpartum mothers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of resilience in explaining the relationship between increased social support and reduced anxiety symptoms in postpartum mothers. Method This study employed a cross-sectional analysis of questionnaire data from 262 Australian mothers aged 20 to 43 (M = 29.2, SD = 4.4) on resilience, social support and anxiety. Results Findings indicated that greater social support was associated with increased resilience (r = .26) and reduced anxiety (r = −.43), whilst resilience and anxiety were negatively correlated (r = −.31). When controlling for mothers age, the indirect effect of social support on anxiety via resilience was significant (β = −0.26), indicating that resilience partially mediated the relationship between increased social support and reduced postpartum anxiety. Conclusions The finding that resilience partially explains the relationship between social support and anxiety suggests that the relationship between these variables is more complex than purported in the Parental Resilience Model, warranting further investigation.

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to examine the relationship between body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) symptoms and mental contamination (MC). Specifically, it explored whether appearance-related teasing episodes evoke feelings of MC and whether these feelings mediate the association between teasing and BDD symptoms and their severity in a nonclinical sample. Method Three hundred and eighty-five undergraduate students completed online measures that included the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptom Scale, the Perception of Appearance- and Competency Related Teasing Scale, and the Vancouver Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Mental Contamination Scale. Results Appearance-related teasing was significantly associated with BDD symptoms and symptom severity, and MC partially mediated this relationship. Significant correlations were found between teasing, BDD cognitions, and checking and avoidance behaviours. MC was most strongly associated with BDD cognitions, checking, and avoidance, indicating its potential role in maintaining these behaviours. Mediation analyses confirmed that MC partially explained the relationship between teasing and both BDD symptoms and severity. Conclusions Mental contamination partially mediated the relationship between appearance-related teasing and BDD symptoms in a nonclinical sample. These preliminary findings, based on correlational data, suggest that mental contamination may play a role in the development and maintenance of BDD, warranting further exploration with clinical samples.

ABSTRACT Objective Body image-related psychological flexibility is considered an important positive process in the field of body image, associated with lower levels of psychological distress. The present study hypothesised body image flexibility as a relevant construct in the study of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). A mediation model was proposed, exploring if body image flexibility mediated the relationship between shame – a core construct of BDD symptomatology – and dysmorphic concern and anxiety while controlling for age and BMI. Methods The sample comprised 477 Portuguese-speaking participants from the general population – male and female, who completed a set of self-report measures. Results Females presented significantly higher levels of dysmorphic concern (d = .42). All main variables under study were significantly correlated, with dysmorphic concern presenting positive correlations with internal shame, external shame, and anxiety, and a negative and weak correlation with body image flexibility. Path analysis results indicated that body image flexibility mediated the relationship between shame, in its internal dimension, and dysmorphic concern and anxiety, explaining 34% of the variance of dysmorphic concern and 24% of anxiety. The model was invariant across biological sex. Conclusions Our results support the pervasive association between internal shame and dysmorphic concern, and indicate body image flexibility as a relevant emotional process in this relationship.