The subject of this article is the Commercial Law for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1883. This law represented a legal transplant of German commercial law. At the time of its adoption in 1883, the Commercial Law did not represent a mirror of society. However, archival sources point to the fact that the government did not actually aim to impose a law that reflected the socio-economic conditions or business and commercial practices in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The imposition of this legal transplant was aimed at unifying commercial law in a unified customs territory. A contextual analysis, based on archival sources, economic policies and economic history, confirmed that the government was interested in imposing precisely this kind of legal solution (legal transplant) to achieve specific legal, social and economic effects and transform the existing socio-legal and economic system of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

This article will argue that national history can further the project of constitutional self-government even in formerly authoritarian countries. Examining the former Soviet republics, it will describe how remembering forgotten or suppressed democratic constitutional ideas and arguments from national history can help support the project of constitutional self-government. This form of ‘constitutional nationalism’ counters arguments that constitutional self-government is a project of convergence with western best practices. It instead links it to long-standing national struggles to adapt the balanced constitution of constitutional self-government to the national context. ‘Constitutional nationalism’ therefore relies on a different approach to history. Rather than understanding national history in countries with a long history of authoritarianism as something to ignore or overcome, it views this history as a potential source of (often suppressed) ideas and inspiration for helping the project of constitutional self-government today.