The purpose of the study is to develop and verify a mathematical model of the cement-sand matrix (CSM) of concrete with an auxetic returnably-concave structure structure to enhance the energy-absorbing properties of construction materials used in special facilities (SF) of the Civil Defense of the Russian Federation. The work is based on the analysis of the physical and mechanical characteristics of composite materials modified with voids of various geometries, taking into account the requirements for protective structures operating under elevated dynamic loads of technogenic nature. Methods include mathematical modeling using the finite element method to create a verified model of the cement-sand matrix of concrete with compressive strength classes B30 and B60. Verification was performed by comparing the modeling results with data from real tests on a press, specifying boundary conditions, physical and mechanical properties of materials, and loading parameters. For the auxetic structure, returnably-concave structure cells with a concavity angle of 60° and an edge length of 15 mm were used, modeled for cubes of various sizes (scaling and overlapping of cells). The results demonstrate uniform stress distribution in the auxetic structure of the CSM without the "hoop" effect characteristic of standard concrete, with a reduction in compressive strength (down to 8.7 MPa for B30 and 17.4 MPa for B60) while increasing deformability up to 10 times. Stress-strain diagrams confirm increased compliance, and consequently, energy absorption. The practical significance lies in the application of the model for designing energy-absorbing protective structures of SF, enhancing their protection.

A series of publications is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of asphalt concrete material in the design of the railway track. This article discusses the effect of the sub-ballast layer of asphalt concrete on the accumulation of residual deformations of the roadbed of the railway track. The purpose of the work was to determine the deformations of the roadbed on the experimental section of the Moscow Railway, which includes an experimental section with a length of 500 m, with a laid asphalt concrete layer, and a control section with a length of 500 m, without the construction of an asphalt concrete layer. An analysis of the primary data obtained from the results of leveling soil grades at the experimental site was carried out, the absolute values of the residual deformations of the subgrade at the site of the sub-ballast asphalt concrete layer and at the control site were determined; the rate of accumulation and the unevenness of residual deformations of the subgrade in each of the sections for the period under review were assessed.

Automating equipment fleet monitoring is a key challenge for managing large construction sites and integrated territorial development projects. This study demonstrates the feasibility of machine and deep learning methods for solving this problem. Algorithms, including neural networks, were configured to identify and track construction equipment using video streams from construction sites. A practical test of the system was conducted in the Akademichesky residential area in Yekaterinburg, one of the largest projects in Russia. The results confirmed the high accuracy of recognizing various types of construction equipment in construction conditions. The developed approach improves safety at construction sites, optimizes logistics, and manages resources, opening new opportunities for monitoring large projects.

In the context of global climate change and the need to ensure sustainable development of society, the importance of environmental protection is increasing. One of the key approaches to solving this problem is to increase the level of heat recovery in industrial processes. This paper considers the development of a new type of efficient heat exchange equipment - a plate heat exchanger with a developed heat exchange surface. Its design is based on an innovative approach aimed at optimizing heat transfer characteristics for various technological processes. Based on experimental studies of pressure losses and heat transfer coefficient, empirical relationships were obtained for the friction coefficient and heat transfer coefficient. The proposed heat exchanger design allows increasing heat transfer by 6% compared to traditional heat exchangers, although the friction coefficient increases by about 8%.

When operating industrial buildings of the dairy industry under conditions of exposure to an aggressive environment caused by the peculiarities of the technological process, there is a gradual degradation of the materials of the supporting structures, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the mechanical safety of the building. The process of development of corrosion damage remains a topical issue. The authors collected and analyzed the results of inspections of two objects accumulated over the entire period of operation. Based on the control results, the parameters of corrosion of reinforced concrete structures operating under conditions of force and environmental impact caused by lactic acid solutions were determined. An algorithm and results of predicting the strength of concrete exposed to an aggressive environment are presented. It is noted that the ability to determine the strength and degree of corrosion of concrete in reinforced concrete structures over time allows for a more reliable prediction of the bearing capacity of structures, which increases the accuracy of determining their residual service life. Subsequently, this will allow for more objective and reasoned decision-making in the field of building life cycle management.

Information is provided on paint coatings, their properties, technology of application as protective and functional coatings and materials that are used as anti-corrosion protection, both in metallic and non-metallic materials used in building structures. The main functions of the LPC are considered, such as protection from external influences, decorative function, and improvement of operational characteristics. An analysis of paintwork defects was carried out, the causes of these defects were identified with subsequent measures to eliminate them.

The article presents a study of the possibilities of automating the inspection processes of load-bearing building structures, with a special emphasis on the use of CRM systems with specialized modules. Practical examples of the implementation of such systems in the activities of construction organizations are analyzed. The necessity of engineering and technical inspection of buildings at all stages of their life cycle is discussed, based on the relevance of information on the technical condition of structures to ensure the safety of users. A process map has been developed covering various stages, such as data preparation, task creation, accounting and reporting documentation, using Bitrix 24. The key actions involved in each stage are identified, as well as the role and interaction of various departments of the organization. The importance of using BPMN for business process modeling is emphasized, which makes it possible to improve the management and coordination of work, reduce the risks of errors and increase the deadline for completing tasks. The work offers a systematic approach to conducting building surveys, covering key aspects of automation and process organization, which can significantly improve the quality and efficiency of surveys in the construction industry. Such modeling makes it possible to optimize the interaction between specialists, minimize the likelihood of errors and speed up the execution of work, ensuring systematization and control at all stages of the examination.

The article discusses the possibility of reusing and recycling construction waste in the early stages of building design. The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to solve problems of systematizing information about the possibility of reusing and recycling construction waste allows us to solve ecological problems of a construction project, including the issues of choosing ecological friendly and sustainable materials for the implementation of design solutions, as well as increasing the efficiency of construction waste management.

Modern construction is not complete without complex, composite enclosing structures that consist of various elements and materials.
 The analysis of the energy efficiency of heat and vapor barrier materials in the USA and Kazakhstan is carried out, traditional materials such as mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, etc. are considered. The analysis of the possibility of using alternative materials to improve energy efficiency in Kazakhstan was also carried out. The properties and characteristics of steam-insulating materials are considered, the standards of the USA and Kazakhstan regulating the use of such materials in construction are presented.
 Considering several options of alternative steam-insulating materials for construction in Kazakhstan on the example of the city of Almaty, an analysis of its climate was carried out and based on the results obtained, the most suitable insulation materials for this region were determined.
 As the results, the advantages of using the selected materials were considered, and data on the characteristics of alternative steam-insulating materials were presented, where it can be noted that these materials can significantly increase the energy efficiency of buildings and reduce heating and cooling costs. Environmental aspects of the use of these materials were also considered.
 The use of alternative steam-insulating materials is an effective and more environmentally friendly option for improving the energy efficiency of buildings in Kazakhstan. These data may be of interest to specialists working in the field of energy efficiency of buildings and construction, as well as for manufacturing plants that are engaged in the production and sale of steam-insulating materials.
 Keywords: thermal insulation, standards, energy efficiency of thermal insulation materials.