An attempt is made to determine the legal nature of the term “public place” in Russian legislation in the absence of its legal definition. It is argued that “public place” is an independent legal category, the content of which is formed through a system of spatial, functional and negative criteria, including a combination of open access and public designation of the territory. The volume of concepts associated with this category (“places of mass residence of people”, “common use area”) is analyzed, including in an intersectoral context. The importance of law enforcement concretization in the context of a regulatory gap is revealed and the role of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in establishing the constitutional and legal boundaries of the concept used is revealed. The necessity of transition from a certain “judicial construction” of the content of the category of “public place” to its minimal legalization at the level of federal legislation is revealed. The significant role of technical and legal regulation (detailing) in the regulation of such legal relations is substantiated.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main directions of countering legal errors that complicate the process of constructing legal reality and negatively affect law enforcement. Based on the approaches existing in the doctrine to understanding legal errors and their types, the paper substantiates their main classifications. The characteristics of law-making and law enforcement errors are given, their interrelation is shown. The ways of overcoming legal errors, as well as ways to counter them are revealed. The role of modern legal technologies in countering errors in law is emphasized. The potential of digital tools in improving activities to counteract legal errors was noted. It is concluded that legal errors are an inevitable part of legal life, accompanying the process of creating a new legal reality. The diversity, objective and subjective conditionality of legal errors determine the need for an integrated approach to overcoming them.

Considerations on the fundamental civil law principle “contracts must be respected” are given. The well-known exceptions that have come to us under the influence of foreign doctrine threaten its stability. Tracing its development since the time of the extraordinary processes in the Roman Empire, the author writes about the main significance of this clause. In the legislation and judicial practice of medieval Europe, the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and the modern code, circumstances determined the different content of this principle. The ar-ticle describes its meaning, constraints, and suggestions for its improvement. The principles of civil law contracts, laid down in the basis of the organization and development of contractual work, are analyzed, their effect over time is assessed with the disclosure of a positive potential for legal reality. An assessment of the concept of obligations dependence on the validity of the contract has been carried out, in which a fixed-term contract is ter-minated, and the obligations generated by it, but not fulfilled, continue (Article 425 of the Civil Code of the Rus-sian Federation), any other interruption of multilateral relations terminates the performance requirements.

A brief overview of the Fifth All-Russian Scientific Conference of Cadets, Students, Adjuncts, Postgraduate Students and Applicants “Current issues of legal science through the eyes of young researchers”, held at the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in Ryazan on February 6, 2025, is presented. The main directions of the conference are considered and its goals are noted. Statistical indicators characterizing the dy-namics of the conference’s development over five years, starting in 2021, are presented. Such trends in the de-velopment of this scientific and representative event as a constant increase in the number of conference partici-pants; expansion of the geography and number of educational organizations represented; annual increase in the volume of collections of scientific papers published following the results of the conference edited by Vera A. Ilyukhina are highlighted. Some of the author’s reflections on student science, formulated following the results of the conference, are presented.

The stages of formation and evolution of organizational and legal structures that provided material and technical support for the activities of the Russian internal affairs bodies from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 21st century are examined. The study covers key historical periods – from the pre-revolutionary institutionalization of the Expedition for State Economy and the Department of State Economy, the formation of the Economic Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire, to the reorganizations of the Soviet and post-Soviet times, culminating in the creation of the Department for Material, Technical and Medical Support of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Special attention is given to the legal consolidation of the functions of the relevant units, the normative basis for their activities, and institutional continuity within the framework of various models of public administration. Based on the analysis of normative legal acts, organizational structures, and functional powers, the stages of centralization, decentralization, and the subsequent restoration of a unified supply system within the Ministry of Internal Affairs have been identified. It has been established that modern approaches to material and economic support in internal affairs bodies are based on historically established principles of legal regulation, which allows for ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the law enforcement system’s functioning in modern conditions.

The problem of insufficient legal regulation in the field of migration is considered. The purpose of the study is to develop a concept for reducing interethnic tension in the region using the example of St. Petersburg, which can serve as a determinant of its socio-economic development. The key role of judicial authorities in the settle-ment and management of ethnic conflicts is substantiated. It is concluded that the competent implementation of national policy is possible with an increase in the effectiveness of the court, ensuring its independence and independence in resolving ethnic conflicts.

The object of the study is criminal enforcement legal relations related to such a legal phenomenon as the removal of the convicted person’s legal status as a “malicious violator of the established procedure for serving punishment” (hereinafter referred to as malicious status, the status of a malicious violator). the analysis of the legislative provisions regulating the procedure for removing the studied status from a convicted person is carried out. information is summarized on the practical activities of the administration of places of deprivation of liberty of the siberian federal district (hereinafter referred to as the sfd) aimed at implementing the procedure for removing the convicted person from malicious status. based on the results of the analysis of the legal norms and practice of the implementation of this institute, legal and organizational shortcomings are identified, and ways to solve them are proposed. the conducted research used methods such as a questionnaire survey, which consists in obtaining answers to the questions posed in the questionnaire from practical employees of places of detention. on their basis, objective conclusions are drawn about the existence of organizational problems in the activities of the administration of correctional facilities of the sfd, requiring a scientific approach to solving the legal phenomenon under study. the use of formal legal and comparative legal methods made it possible to formulate the shortcomings of the legal regulation of the removal of this status from a convicted person. we see the solution of legal and practical problems in the proposed sequential procedure for removing the convicted person from malicious status.

A scientific analysis of the issue of the object of legal regulation has been carried out. It is concluded that it is social relations that constitute the subject of criminal law. The conclusion is argued in favor of the point of view of individual scientists that social relations protected by criminal law exist objectively and independently of the latter. Special attention is paid to the issue of the relationship between the categories of criminal law regulation and socio-legal impact on social relations. The author’s position is formulated on the issue of the legal correctness of the term criminal legal impact on social relations, and a conclusion is made about a more correct and preferable phenomenon – social and legal impact, since in real life there is an implementation of the criminal legal norm and the consequences of its impact are not in pure form, but only in the context of the whole variety of social instruments, the totality of actual legal connections and forms of social cognition. The thesis is argued that the commission of a crime as a legal fact causes the emergence of new criminal legal relations, but only to the extent and within the limits of those specific legal connections regarding human rights and freedoms that were violated by this crime. Consequently, the author proposes to talk about the emergence, existence, and functioning of independent criminal legal relations only conditionally, since in each specific case the crime distorts and violates certain socially useful legal relations protected by criminal law.

A comparative analysis of two strategic documents’ provisions in the countering extremism field in the Russian Federation is presented: the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 29, 2020 “On ap-proval of the Strategy for countering extremism in the Russian Federation until 2025” and the draft of the new "Strategy for countering extremism in the Russian Federation for the period 2025–2036”. The purpose of the study is to determine the trends in state policy in the countering extremism field by analyzing the Strategy provi-sions for Countering Extremism until 2025 and the draft Strategy for Countering Extremism until 2036. The spread of extremist ideas acts as a serious threat to the Russian society’s development. To determine the state’s activities’ directions, it is necessary to analyze the basic documents of strategic purpose. As research methods, the following are defined: general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, system method) and private scientific methods: statistical and comparative legal.

Throughout human history, the problem of providing the population with affordable housing has been and remains one of the most pressing. Different countries around the world have used different approaches to solving it, depending on socio-economic conditions and level of development. In the context of globalization and the transition to a post-industrial economy, traditional methods of solving the housing problem have ceased to be effective. In many countries, the problem of housing affordability for young families, migrants and other socially vulnerable groups has become more acute. In Russia, the problem of affordable housing has become especially acute in the post-Soviet period. As a result of the transition to a market economy, real estate prices rose sharply, and the solvency of the population decreased. As a result, an analysis is carried out between the housing policy of Russia and foreign countries, and it is concluded that at the present stage there are gaps in the housing legislation of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to identify current problems of the housing stock in Russia and in foreign countries, and also to propose solutions to the problems that have arisen, taking into account the role of the state in the housing policy of their country. Based on the purpose of the study, we formulate the following tasks: analyze the role of states in providing affordable housing to private individuals; explore the right to housing enshrined in international legal instruments; analyze the level of housing affordability in Russia and abroad; identify ways to solve housing problems.