Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the success of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) in patients with idiopathic unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) and idiopathic bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH).Methods: 30 patients with idiopathic UVH and 30 patients with idiopathic BVH were included in this prospective study. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the severity of the patients’ complaints of dizziness. The duration of the complaint of dizziness was recorded. All patients underwent the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) before and after VRT. The severity, duration, and localization (unilateral/bilateral) of the vestibular hypofunction were compared with the efficacy of VRT.Results: A significant decrease in DHI scores was observed after VRT for both, UVH and BVH patients, as compared to their pre-VRT scores (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation therapy in patients with UVH and BVH (p=0.09). As the VAS scores increased and the duration of the complaint lengthened, the efficacy of VRT decreased significantly (p<0.001/r=5.6, p=0.016/r=3.1, respectively).Conclusion: VRT is an effective treatment for the relief of symptoms in both UVH and BVH patients. Unilateral or bilateral vestibular hypofunction does not affect the efficacy of VRT, whereas prolonged or severe symptoms of dizziness affect the effectiveness of VRT negatively. In idiopathic vestibular hypofunction patients with long-standing and/or severe dizziness complaints, VRT should be initiated immediately and continued longer.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of the the study was to compare CT-obtained measures related to the cross-sectional area of the airway at various points (nasal valve, mid-nasal cavity, choanal, retro-lingual and retro-uvulal) in cases of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) with their values in normal controls. Such abnormal values may act as markers of risk for OSA.METHODS: CT (computerised tomographic) imaging from 27 cases of OSA attending the Otorhinolaryngology Dept. of the Adana City Training and Research Hospital were evaluated retrospectively, alongside 9 normal controls.RESULTS: The means of the nasal valve and choanal cross sectional areas differed from the normal control means at the level of statistical significance (p=0.019 and p=0.012, respectively).CONCLUSION:The authors hypothesize that the area of the nasal valve and the choanae have a bearing on the likelihood of developing OSA, but state that further research involving larger populations is needed to draw firm conclusions.

p { margin-bottom: 0.1in; direction: ltr; line-height: 120%; text-align: left; }a:link { color: rgb(0, 0, 255); } Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the relationship between vertebral artery and transverse foramina of the C1 to C6 vertebrae in patients with vertigo suspected as vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI). Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, Cervical Computed Tomography (CT) of 22 adult patients with vertigo and control group comprising 23 healthy adulti ndividuals were included. Vertebral artery and transverse foramina measurements (Sagittal and transverse dimensions; and area) were performed at the levels of cervical 1 (C1) to cervical 6 (C6) vertebrae bilaterally. Results: At C6 level, right vertebral artery area; and sagittal and transverse diameter; and atthe C1 level, right transverse foramina area of the vertigo group were significantly higher than the control group. Vertebral artery area values were positively correlated with ipsilateral transverse foramina values ( transverse foramen sagittal and transverse dimensions; and areas) at C1 to C5 levels. When transverse foramina sagittal or transvers e dimensions; or transverse foramina areas decreased, vertebral artery areas also decreased at C1 to C5 levels. Conclusion: We concluded that a decrease in the diameters of bony structure or transverse foramina may cause a decrease in the area of the vertebral artery at the ipsilateral side.As the left vertebral artery is dominant for cerebral blood flow, an increase of the right vertebral artery area cannot affect cerebral blood flow. Decreased blood flow on the left side may play a role in the development of vertigo, in other words,VBI.

AIM: In preterm infants who have a tendency for hypox- ia, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support is one of the standard treatments being used today. Al-though newborns are prone to complications, too many complications have not been reported in literature due to CPAP in newborn period. In this study, complications in preterm infants have been reported who had nasal CPAP treatment which were considered to be related to this. METHOD: Within the scope of the study, 82 babies who were hospitalized in the newborn intensive care unit and had nasal CPAP between September 2014 and September 2017 have been evaluated. During this time period, the newborns that had nasal CPAP treatment have been evaluated in terms of nasal complications in certain intervals. RESULTS: During this period, complications which are considered to be related to Nasal CPAP have been observed in 6 babies. In 4 newborns, nasal columellar hyperemia related to the use of masks and in 1 newborn, columella necrosis has been seen. In two of the patients, intranasal synechia has been observed. While intranasal synechias were unilateral in 1 patient, it was observed as bilateral multiple nasal synechia in another patient. CONCLUSION: Continuous positive airway pressure treat-ment is a lifesaving method when required. However, it may cause certain complications due to pressure and pressured air in the newborn period which is open to all kinds of trauma. It is important to know about these complications and identifying and preventing them in the earliest time possible since the treatment is long and difficult.

Objectives: This research was undertaken to determine the frequency of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) in one particular clinical setting and to assess which risk factors exist for PTH. Methods: Following a retrospective case review of 892 patients who had gone through either tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy, a subgroup of 50 records were selected for detailed study. These 50 patients were then classified as either pediatric cases (aged under 16) or adult cases (aged over 16). Their risk factors were then assessed. Risk factors included: age, sex, surgical indication; type of surgery; time hospitalized post-operatively; timing of PTH (primary and secondary); management used to staunch bleeding and time in hospital following PTH. Results: The overall rate of PTH was 5.6% (3.0% pediatric, 2.6% adult). All PTH instances were secondary and no primary type occurred. In comparing the adult and pediatric cases of PTH, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in terms of age, sex, time hospitalized post-operatively, management used to staunch bleeding or time in hospital following PTH. There was, however, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between groups in terms of surgical indication and timing of PTH (primary or secondary). Conclusion: There was an increased frequency of secondary PTH in both groups. PTH typically happened between day 5 and 10 post-operatively. Patients need to be advised about this risk and show caution regarding factors that increase the risk of PTH after surgery.

Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosis (Warthin&amp;#039;s tumor) is the second most common benign neoplasm of the parotid gland. Although the tumor usually presents as a slowly growing mass in the tail of the parotid gland, extraparotid involvements such as the cervical lymph nodes may be observed rarely. In this article, we aimed to report a Warthin&amp;#039;s tumor case with atypical presentation. A 68-year-old male patient with the history of smoking was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of right-sided neck lump. After physical examination and imaging, excisional biopsy was performed with an initial diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. Pathology result was reported as Warthin&amp;#039;s tumor. Five months later, multicentric Warthin&amp;#039;s tumor in the contralateral parotid gland was diagnosed and operated. With this case report, we want to emphasize that Warthin&amp;#039;s tumors may rarely present as a neck lump outside the parotid gland, and we want to review relevant literature data.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy as salvage therapy in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) after failure of systemic therapy. Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients with refractory ISSNHL were enrolled retrospectively. All patients were given systemic steroid therapy by tapered doses. In addition, forty-one patients received intratympanic dexamethasone injection. Hearing outcomes were determined by recovery rate according to Siegel's criteria and hearing gains in pure-tone average (PTA) measured by audiometry before and after HBO therapy. The effects of prognostic factors on hearing recovery were also evaluated. Results: Thirteen (27%) patients responded to HBO therapy. The remaining 35 (73%) patients did not show any improvement. After HBO therapy, significant improvement was found in mean hearing thresholds at all frequencies. Only the level of initial PTA level and gender were significantly associated with recovery. Patients with severe hearing loss (≥70 dB) had significantly better results. Conclusion: Salvage HBO therapy may be beneficial in patients with ISSNHL who failed to recover by primary combined steroid therapy. Further hearing recovery with salvage HBO therapy can be expected, particularly in patients with PTA greater than 70 dB.