Congenital heart defects could affect the right ventricular outflow tract in pediatric patients. As a result, pediatric pulmonary valve replacements are often needed to effectively mediate unidirectional blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. The present work aims to optimize a parameterized shape of a bi-leaflet heart-valved conduit using multi-objective optimization algorithms. We developed an integrated framework that automatically facilitates the design, structural mechanics simulation, and design optimization of the prosthetic valve. Bezier curves are employed to represent the geometric profile of both the free edge and the attachment edge of the leaflets, while a genetic algorithm updates the parameterized design variables during optimization. A quasi-static finite element analysis (FEA) model simulates valve opening and closure mechanics under a prescribed hemodynamic pressure profile. The objective is to find the optimal leaflet shape, enhancing durability and functionality by minimizing the leaflets' maximum principal stress and the orifice area at valve closure. An optimized design is selected from the final Pareto fronts for prototyping. Numerical results demonstrate an improved performance of the optimized valve over the initial design, indicating the complex impact of the valve geometry on valve performance metrics and underscoring the imperative for design optimization. The performance of optimal valve design is further analyzed using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modeling to evaluate its performance under dynamic loading conditions.

We present a high-performance coupled framework that advances the integration of the finite volume method (FVM) and the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for multi-physics thermal flow simulations, including heat conduction, conjugated heat transfer, natural and forced convection, and phase change. The proposed scheme employs a central-moments-based collision operator for both velocity and temperature fields, substantially improving numerical stability and accuracy over traditional approaches within the LBM community. The reconstruction strategy, combining regularised and high-order truncated equilibrium methods, ensures smooth and accurate data exchange at FVM-LBM coupling interfaces. The implementation employs the Parallel Location and Exchange coupling library, enabling efficient and scalable communication between the FVM and LBM. Validation against standard benchmark problems and complex melting scenarios demonstrates excellent numerical accuracy and convergence. These algorithmic advances establish the proposed framework as a significant step forward in coupled FVM-LBM methods for multiscale thermal flow problems.