The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) integrates interconnected medical devices, sensors, and systems to collect and analyze health data via internet-based technologies. This ecosystem includes wearables, implantable sensors, and hospital equipment, enabling real-time data acquisition for enhanced clinical decisions, cost reduction, and improved patient outcomes. IoMT supports applications like telemedicine, remote monitoring, and personalized treatment, addressing needs in aging populations and underserved regions. This study examines IoMT’s architecture, comprising device, network, and cloud layers, emphasizing interoperability with healthcare systems. Enabling technologies like 5G, edge computing, AI, and blockchain enhance data transmission and security. However, IoMT faces significant security challenges, including data breaches and unauthorized access, necessitating robust encryption, authentication, and compliance with standards like HIPAA and GDPR. Future directions include AI-driven analytics, personalized medicine, and scalable healthcare models. Despite its potential, issues like privacy, interoperability, and cybersecurity must be addressed for sustainable implementation. This review provides a holistic understanding of IoMT, highlighting its transformative role in smart healthcare and offering insights into its challenges and opportunities.

Thermal power plants in Nigeria face significant challenges due to persistent power losses, undermining efficiency, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. This study investigates operational inefficiencies at a major thermal power station in Ughelli, Delta State, using five years of data (2017–2021). Analytical tools employed include reliability indices, thermal efficiency calculations, capacity factor evaluation, and international benchmarking. Results revealed that outdated equipment, poor maintenance, and lack of predictive diagnostics were key contributors to power losses. Reliability indices showed an average below 80%, falling short of the 90% global benchmark, with monthly reliability ranging from 41.77% to 74.24%. Capacity factors fluctuated widely, from 36.94% to 82.02%, indicating underutilization of available capacity. Thermal efficiency remained critically low, between 0.000002% and 0.000003%, highlighting severe energy waste. The study recommends adopting predictive maintenance using machine learning and statistical models, modernizing aging infrastructure, and improving operational management. Comparative analysis emphasizes the need for alignment with international best practices to enhance plant reliability and sustainability. Implementing these strategies can significantly reduce losses, boost performance, and help meet Nigeria’s growing energy demands more efficiently.

Methane is a critical greenhouse gas whose reduction is essential for achieving near-term climate targets and advancing industry net-zero strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for the quantified reduction of methane emissions in industrial sectors, emphasizing accurate measurement, transparent reporting, and integration with broader climate goals. The framework begins with establishing detailed emission inventories and baselines, employing a variety of quantification methodologies tailored to diverse emission sources. Analytical approaches, including cost-benefit analysis, performance indicators, and uncertainty management, support informed decision-making and continuous progress tracking. By embedding methane quantification within corporate net-zero targets, the framework enhances credibility, operational efficiency, and stakeholder engagement. The discussion highlights the framework’s implications for policy standardization and industry practices, advocating for consistent, scalable, and adaptive methodologies. Future directions focus on leveraging emerging technologies, improving data accessibility, and fostering multi-sector collaboration to refine and expand the framework. This integrative approach provides a practical and scientifically rigorous pathway for accelerating methane mitigation, reinforcing the role of industrial sectors in global climate stabilization.

The urgency of sustainable development in the built environment has intensified the demand for integrative models that embed sustainability principles across the entire architectural project lifecycle. This paper proposes a conceptual model that incorporates environmental, social, and economic sustainability metrics into each phase of architectural project management—from planning and design to procurement, construction, occupancy, and post-occupancy evaluation. While sustainability in architecture is often addressed during the design phase, there remains a gap in frameworks that systematically integrate measurable indicators across all project phases in a structured and actionable way. The proposed model responds to this gap by drawing from interdisciplinary literature, international sustainability frameworks such as LEED, BREEAM, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and best practices in lifecycle thinking. It offers a comprehensive approach to project management by translating high-level sustainability objectives into operational metrics relevant to each stage of development. The model is informed by a mixed-method methodology involving literature synthesis, expert interviews, and case analysis of high-performance sustainable buildings. Emphasis is placed on identifying phase-specific sustainability drivers, decision points, and performance indicators that can support informed, value-based decision-making throughout the lifecycle of a project. By mapping sustainability metrics to specific phases of project execution, the model aims to assist architects, project managers, and stakeholders in evaluating trade-offs and aligning project goals with broader sustainability outcomes. Additionally, the model introduces a feedback loop from post-occupancy evaluation to inform future projects, thereby enabling adaptive learning and continuous improvement. This research contributes to the emerging discourse on sustainable architecture not only by bridging the gap between theory and practice but also by offering a framework that can be adapted to diverse contexts and project scales. Ultimately, this model serves as a practical and scalable tool for embedding sustainability into the managerial and operational fabric of architectural projects, ensuring that sustainability is not an afterthought but an integrated process driver.

The increasing demand for sustainable building materials has spurred interest in using natural fibers for construction. This study evaluates the performance of henequen and sisal fibers in mortar to enhance their tensile properties and provide alternatives to synthetic fibers. Mortar samples were prepared using a 1:3 mix ratio, with fibers introduced at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight. The particle size distribution, setting times, consistency, and water ab-sorption and tensile strength of mortar constituents and fibers were determined. Compressive and splitting tensile strength tests were conducted on samples of 75 mm cubes and 50 × 100 mm cylinders at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at α = 0.05 and a validated Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Henequen fiber exhibited lower water absorption and higher tensile strength. The 1% mixture recorded the highest com-pressive strength of 15.08 MPa and 15.41 MPa, and the split tensile strength at 0.5% mixture was 3.43 MPa and 3.51 MPa at 28 days, respectively. ANOVA confirmed significant dif-ferences in tensile strength due to fiber inclusion, and compressive strength results indicated no statistically significant differences across samples. The ANN demonstrated high predic-tive accuracy, with R² values of 0.8785 and 0.7885, and low mean squared errors of 0.3855 and 0.4855, for compressive and split tensile strengths, supporting its use in performance forecasting. The optimum compressive strength was observed at a 1% fiber content, while the split tensile strength improved up to 0.5%. The experimental results support its application in sustainable construction.

This paper explores the integration of chemistry and social studies in education to provide a comprehensive understanding of chemical advancements' historical, social, and ethical implications. It highlights the significance of interdisciplinary education, emphasizing how key chemical discoveries have influenced societal structures and public policies. The paper discusses effective teaching methods, such as project-based learning, thematic instruction, and collaborative teaching, to facilitate interdisciplinary learning. Examples of integrated curriculum and lesson plans are provided to illustrate practical implementation. The paper also addresses chemical developments' social and ethical considerations, advocating for responsible scientific practices and the importance of ethical awareness. Recommendations for educators on implementing interdisciplinary teaching strategies are presented, aiming to enrich students' learning experiences and foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Ultimately, this approach prepares students to navigate and address complex real-world challenges, promoting informed and responsible global citizenship.

Public infrastructure projects delivered through the Design–Build (D&B) method are often promoted for their efficiency and integration potential. However, in developing countries, D&B schemes frequently face significant implementation risks due to design immaturity, contractual ambiguity, and institutional limitations. This study investigates risk factors contributing to delays in the Sub Polder Marunda and Tipala–Adhyaksa Pumping Station project in East Jakarta, a government-led urban flood control initiative. A qualitative case study methodology was employed, combining document analysis, semi-structured expert interviews, and structured risk analysis tools. Risk identification was conducted using the Ishikawa (fishbone) method, which revealed 59 preliminary risk variables across six thematic categories. These were validated and narrowed down to 29 dominant risks. The Probability–Impact Matrix (PIM) was then applied to prioritize risks based on expert judgment. Key findings indicate that insufficient design maturity at contract award, lack of clarity in risk allocation, ineffective stakeholder coordination, and regulatory delays were the most significant contributors to project disruptions. The study emphasizes the need for context-specific risk frameworks that address both technical and governance-related challenges in public D&B projects. This paper offers empirical insights and practical recommendations to improve risk management in D&B infrastructure delivery, particularly for flood mitigation projects in rapidly urbanizing regions.

Ensuring operational safety in commercial aviation depends heavily on the consistent adherence to regulatory standards and internal protocols by cabin crew. As cabin crew members are responsible for both routine service delivery and emergency response, real-time visibility into their compliance with safety procedures is essential. Developing Compliance Dashboards for Safety Monitoring in Cabin Crew Operations explores the design and implementation of data-driven dashboard systems that support proactive oversight, enhance accountability, and reduce safety-related deviations. This study presents a conceptual framework for the development of compliance dashboards tailored to cabin crew operations. The framework integrates key performance indicators (KPIs), regulatory checklists, behavioral data, and training records to create a centralized interface for monitoring procedural compliance across pre-flight, inflight, and post-flight activities. Drawing from human factors engineering, safety management systems (SMS), and aviation informatics, the proposed dashboard model enables supervisory personnel to identify trends, detect anomalies, and deliver timely feedback. The dashboard design emphasizes usability, real-time data visualization, and integration with existing airline operations systems, including crew scheduling, electronic flight bags (EFBs), and training management systems. By automating the collection and analysis of compliance data such as safety briefing execution, equipment checks, and crew coordination the system supports a shift from reactive audits to proactive safety management. Pilot case studies and industry benchmarking illustrate how dashboard implementation can improve safety culture, streamline reporting, and align crew behavior with organizational safety goals. Furthermore, the model addresses data privacy, standardization, and adaptability for different airline sizes and regulatory environments. Ultimately, the integration of compliance dashboards represents a strategic innovation in cabin operations, offering airlines a scalable solution to enhance regulatory alignment, crew performance, and passenger safety in a dynamic and high-risk operating environment.

Currently, the demand for sustainable materials has led to an interest in polymer composites filled with mineral fillers and recycled materials. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a potential matrix for green composite production due to its widespread application, excellent mechanical properties, ease of recycling, and high density. This study investigates the mechanical properties of HDPE composites containing different mix proportions of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and recycled plastic. The mechanical performance of composites was evaluated by testing their tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus, hardness, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength. Inclusion of CaCO₃ in the matrix resulted in improved stiffness and rigidity of HDPE, with the Young's modulus increasing significantly to 1517.2 MPa for sample A3. However, with an increase in stiffness, there was a decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break, indicating a transition to a more brittle behavior. Samples containing a higher content of recycled plastic showed an increase in ductility and impact resistance, with sample A8 surpassing all others. The blends A9 to A12, which are the most balanced mixtures of HDPE, CaCO₃, and recycled plastic, offered the best compromise in terms of mechanical strength and flexibility. Sample A12 demonstrated good performance in terms of tensile strength (18.71 MPa), elongation at break (90%), Young's modulus (210 MPa), and impact strength (69.9 kJ/m²). The results of the current study support the idea that plastic waste can be recycled and used as components in functional materials, aligning with the sustainable development goals. Recycling plastic reduces landfill waste, conserves resources, and enables the creation of new products, thereby contributing to a more circular economy.

This study aims to determine the changes in the coastline that occur at Karampuana Beach over the next 10 years and the influence of effective and efficient coastal protection construction on abrasion and accretion protection. This study uses a method of predicting shoreline changes until 2035 using the Generalized Model for Simulated Shoreline Change (GENESIS) software. The results of the study of shoreline changes at the research location for 10 years showed that there was an average sedimentation (accretion) of 6.1 meters per year with a maximum of 14.9 meters and an average abrasion of -6.8 meters per year with a maximum of -23.6 meters. The analysis conducted in Towale Village showed that there were changes that were classified as small to moderate. Coastal protection on the south side has been secured with a breakwater. The results of the study at Karampuana Beach over the next 10 years showed that the maximum abrasion value of the Seawall building was -23.95 m and the maximum accretion was 13.6 m, based on the simulation results, the Seawall building is the right coastal building to overcome abrasion problems at the research location.