To mitigate climate change in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, it is vital to understand how energy is being consumed in the different sectors. The GCC countries rely heavily on fossil fuel to meet the increasing demand for electricity especially from the residential sector. Consumption of fossil fuels has several impacts on the environment including the increase of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to climate change. Several measures exist to reduce electricity demand from the residential sector. These measures range from regulatory, technology, economic and information measures. To achieve successful adoption of these measures, a holistic understanding of the drivers and impacts of the growing trend of residential electricity consumption is required. This paper aims to understand the drivers and impacts resulting from the increase in the residential electricity consumption in Kuwait, one of the GCC countries. A Driving forces-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) framework is applied. Several indicators related to the socio-economic factors, energy consumption, energy intensity and carbon intensity are calculated using quantitative data for the period from 2000 to 2015. The results of analysis show that the increase in the residential electricity consumption is mainly driven by population growth and economic development. This has resulted in an increase in the fossil fuel consumption and the consequent CO2 emissions. This paper recommends conducting a residential electricity consumption survey to provide data required to inform decision making on energy saving in Kuwait. This recommendation is also extended to other GCC countries where a regional database can be developed to share experiences related to reducing residential electricity consumption

In present world there are people who deny the real climate science although they face climate change impacts. Every day, every single seconds the climate change plays devastation role on the planet putting the future earth on crisis. Although, the scientific steps were taken to control the global warming responsible for climate change, we still need prevention theory to halt future effects. The subsequent impacts have been affecting areas like Ecosystem, Livelihood, food, International relation, Security, Economy, life. Hence Addressing its unpredictable impacts and Adaptation policies are the inevitable task for the global community. Moreover, paramount for the future developing countries, urban and Island communities who will be facing more vulnerable in future. So this article will be discussing few impacts and future possible impact of Climate change consequences.

The provision of safe drinking water is a very important public health priority. Most of the diseases in developing countries are caused by the consumption of contaminated water. The concentrations of six heavy metals and six trace metals were determined in sachet water samples and bottled water samples obtained in Lagos markets, Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Lead concentrations were below the maximum permissible levels except in Bevap sachet water, Osan bottled water, Christo bottled water and Cway bottled water samples. Cadmium was not found in most of the water samples except in Pringad bottled water, Sunar bottled water and Cway bottle water samples together with Nimbus satchet water. These levels were above the maximum permissible levels of the WHO. Chromium was found present in all the water samples analyzed although in trace amounts. All other heavy metals analyzed were below the maximum permissible levels. The water samples also contained iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in concentrations that are not harmful to the body. Examination of heavy metals in the water samples showed traces of lead in five sachet water samples and seven bottle water samples together with cadmium in three satchet water samples and three bottled water samples. This may be harmful after being consumed for a long time by the populace.

Nowadays air over major cities has become over burdened with gases produced by automobiles throughout the world. The present study was conducted to investigate and monitor the ambient air quality. The results indicated the following mean concentrations (μg/m3): PM2.5 (138.25, 214.5, 234.5), NO2 (218, 170.4, 230.9), SO2 (196.5, 184.3, 189), CO (108.5, 82.04, 81.7) and O3 (680.2, 525.38, 590.5) for residential, industrial and vehicular sites in the respective order. Most of the pollutants were found to increase in winter except SO2 and CO which showed high concentrations in spring and autumn respectively. The results suggested that there was strong positive bivariate correlation being observed between each pair of pollutants (PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO and O3 with p<0.01 or p<0.05). Pearson Correlation is applied to evaluate the correlation between different pollutants. The results depicts that increased concentration levels of pollutants (PM2.5, NO2) being observed at vehicular site on the other hand elevated concentration level of pollutants (SO, CO, O3) was seen at residential site.

Aim: Aim of this study is to access the concentration of air pollutants like particulate matter, black carbon and carbon monoxide at selected roadside locations in Noida and correlate it with base line standard and; to study the adverse health effects of Noida commuters due to ambient air pollution by a survey conducted through questionnaire. Materials and methods: Methodology being adopted for the study has been discussed under following. 1) Study sites (selection of sites based on traffic): Sites were selected to assess pollutants concentration. The selected sites were places of maximum population, heavy traffic, and commercial areas with industries - a) institutional site, Amity University Noida sector 126; b) arterial road site, Noida sector 18; c) Noida- Greater Noida Expressway; d) residential site, Arun Vihar Noida sector 37. 2) Sampling/monitoring of pollutants such as black carbon, particulate matter and carbon monoxide with the instruments: Micro Aethalometer; CO personal monitor (lengan) and; Dust monitor (grim). 3) Questionnaire survey and traffic sampling and 4) Analysis and interpretation of data. Results: The average concentration of black carbon were found to be 25107.82 (ng/m3), 16829.65 (ng/m3), 23112.56 (ng/m3) at Noida Sector 126, Noida Sector 18, Noida-Greater Noida Expressway, respectively. The concentration were compared and it was found that average concentration of black carbon level obtained at Noida Sector 126 was maximum and mean BC concentration varies from 68707.82-8760.76 (ng/3). This is due to traffic, vehicles and diesel combustion. The average concentration of PM10 were found to be 1737.16 ug/3, 632.69 (ng/3), 466.29(ng/3) at Noida sector 126, Noida Sector 18, Noida-Greater Noida Expressway respectively. The concentration were compared and it was found that average concentration of PM10 level obtained at Noida sector 126 was maximum and mean PM10 concentration varies from 2866.62-794.10 ug/3. This is due to high traffic on roads. Mean value of PM2.5 was maximum at Noida sector 126 and variation of PM2.5 values was highest on Noida sector 126 which suggest that contribution from different sources was varying to a great extent. The standard deviation value suggests that PM2.5 source emission rate at Noida sector 126 was varying greater than the emission rate at all the selected sites. The large variation was likely due to the differences in air mass, emission characteristics and meteorology. Results were compared with the values obtained by Central Pollution Control Board. Mean PM10 concentration at Noida sector 126 was 1737.16 ug/m 3 which is more than ten times higher than the standard value. Similarly mean PM2.5 concentration is ten times higher than the standard value. In Noida, institutional site is highly affected due to construction work and road traffic. Relevant information was gathered from questionnaire survey. It was observed that 80% of the people were suffering from eye or skin irritation at Noida sector 126 where the Black carbon and PM10, PM2.5, PM1 conc. were found maximum in comparision to all other sites.