Objectives: With the development of services to improve the daily lives of older adults and the use of Internet of Things technology in healthcare in Japan, there is a growing need to address health literacy, especially among older adults living alone. The current study aims to fill this research gap by assessing the current state of health literacy in this population, and potentially providing guidance for future support strategies.Methods: In this study, 22 older female participants in long-term care preventive services were assessed for health literacy, cognitive function, and activities of daily living using the Household Composition and Basic Demographic Information, the Health Literacy Scale, the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Occupational Self-Assessment-Short Form.Results: The household composition was 13 older adults living alone and nine living with others. Older adults living alone had significantly lower functional health literacy than those living with others, which affected their ability to understand and apply health information. Difficulties reading health materials were also prevalent in this group, suggesting that visual impairment or a lack of assistive devices may affect their understanding of health information. Considering these specific needs through tailored strategies is essential for helping older adults to adapt to an increasingly digital society.Conclusions: Understanding the current state of functional health literacy among older adults living alone in the community is essential for developing strategies to improve their well-being, prevent isolation, and enable them to make informed decisions about their health.

OBJECTIVES Prevalence and risk factors of arterial stiffness and diabetes can be improved through physical activity and exercise. Atrial natriuretic peptid (ANP) does impact vasodilation and lipid metabolism and thus is connected to both pathologies. To extend insights in ANP-release we measured mid regional-proANP (mr-proANP) in different exercise training protocols in rest and at cessation of exercise. We evaluated a high volume high intensity interval (HVHIT), high volume sprint interval training (HVSIT) and a continuous exercise (CE) regimen with matched mean intensity. METHODS Subjects completed HVHIT (30s interval/30s pause), HVSIT (6s interval /24s pause) and continuous exercise (CE) over 45 min, as well as an initial graded exercise test (GXT) to asses maximum power output (PmaxGXT). Intervals during HVHIT were set to 100% PmaxGXT, intervals during SIT were set to 250% PmaxGXT and load during CE was set to 50% PmaxGXT. HVHIT, HVSIT and CE sessions were initiated with a 10 min warm-up and concluded with a 10 min cool-down. Venous blood samples were drawn at rest and after cessation of exercise. RESULTS Δmr-proANP was significantly different (p=0.048; RM ANOVA) between the three different exercise regimens. Δmr-proANP during CE was 17.8 (±2.0) pmol*l-1, during HVHIT 22.5 (±4.5) pmol*l-1 and during SIT 24.5 (±7.8) pmol*l-1. [Δmr-proANP] was not correlated to absolute power during intervals, peak oxygen uptake or heartrate, but was significantly correlated to Δlactate. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that high intensity exercise causes a higher ANP-release than CE. This can be caused by the recurrent shift from relaxing and stressing of the heart muscle, which is known to trigger ANP-release. Other factors are likely to contribute to ANP-release.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a smartphone application in comparison against current GPS tracking type devices that are used to track players during football training and match play. Football involves repeated multi directional movements of the whole body at varying speeds and varying distances from walking to high speed running. Therefore, to evaluate validity and reliability of smartphones and elite tracker devices both were assessed and compared against each other for common metrics employed in football player activity tracking.

A novel notion has arisen in clinical medicine: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), representing a spectrum of conditions ranging from asymptomatic simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Even though there is a pressing need to treat this disease, the treatment options are limited. Previous studies have confirmed that weight loss via lifestyle management has proven to be successful. This is now accepted as the first-line therapy. In those studies, improvements of liver function and hepatic steatosis were noted when weight loss of around 3% to 10% of body weight was achieved. However, optimum weight loss and its management are difficult to accomplish. Subsequent studies showed that when weight loss was achieved independent of exercise, additional beneficial effects were observed in addition to weight loss. Exercise with a diet regimen brought even more benefits. Because of this substantial evidence, exercise should be proposed as another strategy for NAFLD treatment, regardless of weight loss. This review was aimed at providing a succinct, comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and management of NAFLD, highlighting the need for routinization of the role of exercise in NAFLD management, and at elucidating the mechanisms behind the benefits of exercise, with relevant studies.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association of physical activity and cognitive function in the Korean population.