ABSTRACTScar inhibition plays a crucial role in wound healing, particularly in the prevention of excessive scar formation during skin repair. While scar formation is a natural part of the healing process, improper scarring can lead to functional impairment, cosmetic defects, and psychological impacts. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind scar inhibition and exploring therapeutic strategies is essential for improving clinical outcomes. This review summarizes the primary mechanisms of scar formation and inhibition, including the regulation of collagen deposition, modulation of the inflammatory response, and control of cell proliferation and migration. In recent years, novel therapeutic approaches have emerged for scar inhibition, including gene therapy, stem cell treatments, and localized drug delivery systems, and the use of biomaterials. These methods not only enhance the effectiveness of scar treatment but also improve the biocompatibility and durability of the healing process. Although some of these approaches have shown promising results in early‐stage studies, challenges remain for clinical applications, such as the individualization of treatment plans and the sustainability of outcomes. Finally, this review discusses future research directions and proposes strategies to enhance the potential of scar inhibition therapies and their clinical translation.

ABSTRACTDouble‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) serves as a fundamental repository of genetic information and plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of diseases. However, the inherent stability of the DNA double helix under physiological conditions presents a challenge in accessing internal bases. To address this, various molecular targeting technologies have been developed, offering high specificity while destabilizing the DNA structure. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current dsDNA targeting tools, such as hybridization probes, modified nucleic acid probes, zinc finger proteins (ZFPs), transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, Argonaute proteins (Agos), and the lambda exonuclease‐pDNA system (λ Exo‐pDNA), and some cutting‐edge molecular tools. It delves into the mechanisms behind these technologies. It highlights their applications in diverse areas, including in vitro detection, in situ imaging, gene editing, and their integration with artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven tools. Additionally, the review compares these techniques, discusses future technological opportunities, and identifies challenges in integrating these tools into diagnostic and therapeutic practices. By providing a holistic view of these rapidly evolving technologies, this review aims to fill a gap in the current literature and explore the future potential of dsDNA targeting innovations.

ABSTRACTThis review explores advancements in passivation and encapsulation methods for organic semiconductor (OS) and halide perovskite (HP)‐based photoelectrodes, aimed at enhancing stability in photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. The integration of OS and HP materials in PEC devices offers high photovoltage and impressive current densities, promising efficient solar‐to‐fuel conversion and pollutant upcycling. However, these materials face significant intrinsic and extrinsic degradation under PEC conditions. We discuss various passivation strategies to mitigate photochemical reactions and defect‐related degradation, as well as advanced encapsulation techniques to prevent electrolyte‐induced corrosion. The review highlights the latest research on enhancing the operational stability and performance of OS and HP‐based photoelectrodes, emphasizing their potential in sustainable energy applications and environmental remediation. Future research directions include optimizing material design, exploring new passivation and encapsulation technologies, and scaling up for practical applications. This comprehensive review underscores the critical role of material innovation in advancing PEC technology for a sustainable future.

ABSTRACTDiabetic wounds are characterized by chronic inflammation, partly due to the persistent accumulation of pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages. Asiaticoside (AS), a triterpenoid extracted from Centella asiatica, has known anti‐inflammatory effects in several diseases, but the underlying mechanisms in diabetic wounds are still unclear. This study reveals that AS alleviates inflammation in diabetic wounds by activating ferroptosis of M1 macrophages. In vitro, AS reduces the number of M1 macrophages in a high glucose microenvironment and their secretion of proinflammatory cytokines with concurrent induction of ferroptosis. Further investigation shows that AS‐activated ferroptosis is attributed to the downregulation of ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and ferritinophagy‐induced degradation of ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), which together increase the amount of intracellular free ferrous ions (Fe2+). In vivo, AS‐encapsulated gelatin‐methacryloyl hydrogels accelerates diabetic wound healing and shortens the inflammatory period by activating ferroptosis of M1 macrophages with the reduced expression of FPN1 and FTH1. These results suggest a promising AS‐based strategy for treating inflammatory diseases associated with excessive activation of M1 macrophages.

ABSTRACTAutophagy is a process of engulfing cytoplasmic proteins or organelles, thereby fulfilling cells’ metabolic needs and the renewal of specific organelles. Given its key roles in tumor progression, autophagy has attracted tremendous attention in cancer therapies. Notably, there is a megatrend to integrating autophagy regulation into mainstream treatments. This review focuses on autophagy‐targeting nanomedicine (ApT‐NM) to modulate autophagy in tumor therapy, including the unmodified and functionalized nanoparticles that target tumors by carrying autophagy modulators. On the one hand, it can reverse treatment resistance by inhibiting protective autophagy, and on the other hand, it can promote the death of cancer cells through type II apoptosis by inducing autophagy. Moreover, advanced nanoplatforms combining various treatments (such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy, etc.) have also been summarized. Last, the future perspectives and directions for ApT‐NM research are provided, hoping to emphasize this rising filed and promote the development of ApT‐NM.

ABSTRACTDroplet boiling is a common occurrence in many industrial processes, but it can be hindered by the Leidenfrost effect. The Leidenfrost point (LP), defined as the temperature at which an accumulated and stagnant vapor forms between the liquid and the heated solid, consequently deteriorates cooling performance. In this study, inspired by nature, we demonstrate how using a nano‐micro hierarchical triple‐passage architecture with a higher aspect ratio enhances both vapor and liquid spreading dynamics, boosts heat transfer, and thus elevates the LP. Our results show that the LP is promoted to 273°C, which is a delay of approximately 130°C compared to the LP of 145°C on a copper surface. Through theoretical analysis, we develop a multi‐force competition model to reveal the underlying physics of this sustained nucleate boiling. Our findings challenge traditional wisdom, indicating that lower impact velocities of a droplet, though sacrificing the convection, delay the LP through impact pattern manipulation. Additionally, we adopt a physics‐informed deep neural network framework to accurately model the nonlinear behavior of droplet boiling (from nucleate boiling to LP) on various surfaces within an ≈11% error. The results here have potential applications in designing more efficient droplet‐based boiling heat transfer devices and in controlling droplet boiling at high temperatures.