The development of multifunctional biomaterials with both photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties is of great importance for biomedical applications such as wound healing. In this study, we synthesized a hybrid gel containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and europium-doped lanthanum orthovanadate nanoparticles (LaVO4:Eu3+ NPs) embedded in a poly(acrylic acid)–carbomer 940 matrix. Optical and photocatalytic experiments revealed that while LaVO4:Eu3+ NPs alone require high-energy UV excitation (\<300 nm) to generate electron–hole pairs, their combination with AgNPs enables efficient plasmon-mediated enhancement under mild UV-A (395 nm) irradiation. This effect is most plausibly attributed to a hot electron injection mechanism, which promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Biological assays demonstrated that the Ag/LaVO4:Eu3+ NPs gel completely inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 after only 10 minutes of UV-A exposure, with no bacterial recovery observed after 4 hours. The interplay of photocatalysis, photothermal activity, and intrinsic antimicrobial properties of AgNPs and LaVO4:Eu3+ contributes to the pronounced and sustained antibacterial effect. Considering the urgent challenge of antibiotic resistance, plasmon-mediated photocatalysis in multifunctional nanocomposite gels provides a powerful alternative strategy for infection control and wound healing applications.

The work investigated the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the properties of polylactic acid. It was found that the addition of CNTs does not alter the chemical structure of the polymer, but substantially influences its crystallinity, thermophysical, conductive and mechanical characteristics. Analysis of structural features showed the absence of new chemical bonds, but structural ordering of the matrix and changes in morphology were recorded. It is shown that the degree of crystallinity and melting temperature increase with a CNT content of up to 0.6%, and decrease when this value is exceeded. The electrical conductivity increases significantly after reaching the percolation threshold (0.5%), which indicates the formation of a conductive network. The mechanical properties show a nonlinear dependence with a minimum at a content of 0.5% CNT due to the agglomeration of nanotubes. The results obtained indicate the need to optimize the composition of the composite to achieve the desired characteristics.

Reactions of 5-methyl-7-phenyl-4,7-dihydro-1,2,4-triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-carbaldehyde with different oxidizing reagents, nitrogen containing nucleophiles and CH-acids have been studied. The structure of the synthesized compounds was determined on the basis of 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopic data and confirmed by the X-ray analysis of the 5-methyl-6-nitro-7-phenyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, 5-dibromomethyl-6-brom-7-phenyl[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, and 5-((4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-7-phenyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)methylene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione.

Medicines and their components are essential molecular functional materials while developing and transferring them into production is a priority for many interdisciplinary research teams. Hybrid compounds that integrate multiple potent pharmacophoric fragments are regarded as highly promising candidates in the development of such materials. Hence, the incorporation of 1,2,3-triazole moieties into conventional 1,4-benzodiazepine frameworks presents a promising strategy. This structural modification is anticipated to enhance drug-receptor interactions and improve pharmacological profiles by increasing selectivity for specific GABA-A receptor subtypes. The objective of this study was to assess new functional materials for pharmaceutical use derived from 1,2,3-triazolo-1,4-benzodiazepine compounds. The research specifically focused on conducting molecular docking studies at the benzodiazepine site of the GABA receptor, evaluating their safety profile in vitro, and determining their analgesic potential in vivo. During the molecular docking study of five compounds for their binding affinity towards the benzodiazepine site of the GABA receptor, a detailed analysis of the formed complexes indicated that all S-configurations of the new compounds exhibit a binding mode in the benzodiazepine site comparable to classical benzodiazepines. The findings demonstrated that the investigated derivatives do not negatively impact cell proliferation in the MTT and NRU tests. No genotoxicity of the investigated derivatives was observed under the conditions of the umu-test. Additionally, it has been established that the compounds exhibit moderate antinociceptive activity in experimental models involving both peripheral and central mechanisms of pain reaction formation.

The paper considers the possibility of achieving superconductivity in nanosized graphite particles due to the capillary pressure effect. Graphite has unique electronic properties due to its specific crystalline structure, but the low density of charge carriers limits its use as a superconductor. Hypothetically, the increase in pressure inside a graphite nanoparticle caused by surface tension can lead to a significant increase in the electron density and, as a consequence, to the occurrence of superconductivity at higher temperatures. This paper theoretically substantiates this hypothesis and estimate possible values of the critical temperature of the transition to the superconducting state.

A scintillation material containing mixtures of zinc sulfide powder activated with silver and a neutron converter dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12) – ZnS:Ag/carborane – was synthesized. Its registration efficiency of thermal neutrons is 49 %. A scintillation element based on the obtained scintillation material was developed. It consists of poly(methyl methacrylate) light guide layers alternating with layers of ZnS:Ag/carborane dispersed in a transparent polymer matrix. The thermal neutron registration efficiency of the created scintillation element is 85 %.

The possibility of excitation of Majorana and massless Dirac fermions in self-doped manganites controlled by an external magnetic field is established. It is shown that in the ZFC mode of magnetization measurement, the excitation of Majorana fermions dominates, while in the FC mode the main contribution to the “supermagnetization” of the sample is made by the excitation of Dirac fermions. During remagnetization of La0.15Sm0.85MnO3+δ manganites at 4.2 K, the single and double cone-shaped features of M(H) were found near H = 0 in the magnetization reversal isotherms. These peculiarities of magnetization demonstrate the evolution of the Dirac fermions magnetic excitations at quantum phase transitions in the 2D Dirac semimetal, induced by the merging and splitting of two Dirac points. The evolution of thermal excitation of two Majorana zero modes in the first and second Landau band with an increase in the strength of the external magnetic field was also studied. Аn alternating permutation of the spiky double peaks and truncated hill features of the magnetization M(T) in La0.15Sm0.85MnO3+δ may be explained by the existence of two well-known in the literature hidden states CSL1 and CSL2 of the chiral quantum spin liquid in this material.

In this work, plastic scintillators based on mixed polystyrene-polyphenylmethylsiloxane have been created, and their mechanical and scintillation characteristics have been studied. The created plastic scintillators based on polystyrene containing 30 wt. % polyphenylmethylsiloxane, demonstrated radiation resistance reaching 22 Mrad. The obtained PSs retain their physical and mechanical properties at a level that ensures ease of mechanical processing of the material and makes it possible to obtain samples in a wide range of shapes and sizes.

The presented study confirms that the reduction of the level of structural dimensions to the submicron and nanometric ranges is the dominant trend in the development of structural and instrumental ceramics. Following this trend with the use of traditional methods leads to an increase in cost and a significant growth of grains, which requires the introduction of additional preliminary operations, such as grinding of grains and selection of starting powders. At the same time, the application of the method of electroconsolidation under pressure in a vacuum promotes the acceleration of compaction processes, which makes it possible to overcome the shortcomings of traditional approaches when obtaining fine-dispersed, high-density ceramic structures.