In 2025, it would have been 120 years since the birth of scientist and teacher Afanasy Ilyich Agroskin. This man dedicated his entire life to training of geodetic personnel in Siberia. A. I. Agroskin became an assistant at the Siberian Astronomy Geodetic Institute (Omsk) in1933. After the reorganization of the institute, he moved to Novosibirsk, where he was actively involved in teaching. In 1939, he was appointed the Director of the newly founded Novosibirsk Institute of Engineers of Geodesy, Aerial Photography and Cartography (NIIGAiK). During the Great Patriotic War, Afanasy Ilyich served in the 64th geodetic detachment, then in the military topographic department of the Volkhov Front headquarters, and from 1944 to1946 he was the Head of the topographic department of the 3rd Attack Army headquarters. Major Agroskin took an active part in supplying the army with topographic plans and maps during the Berlin operation. After the war, he returned to NIIGAiK and worked as Director for five years. From 1955 to 1957, he was on a foreign mission, where he gave a course of lectures on higher geodesy for his Chinese colleagues. Professor A. I. Agroskin headed the departments of geodesy and higher geodesy. During his years at the institute, he participated in training and education of thousands of geodetic engineers

The authors discuss the concept of an active digital rod for high-precision leveling, based on using a display as a carrier of its digital code. The device is designed to overcome key limitations of passive barcode rods, namely the finite operating- and limited measurement ranges during the work, and pronounced dependence on external lighting conditions. The principle of the system`s functioning is outlined, involving dynamic formation of measurement patterns, using telemetry data, and arranging bidirectional information exchange with the leveling instrument. Potential advantages related to expanding the working range, increased accuracy in challenging conditions, and minimization of errors are analyzed, along with the systemic technological and economic barriers hindering practical implementation. It is concluded that, despite the complexity of development, this concept is of a particular interest for specialized tasks in the field of precision geodesy

One of the most important tasks of modern physical geodesy is to determine a high-frequency part of the Earth’s gravity field (EGF), which inevitably depends on the individual characteristics of a particular computational area. The author investigates the practical aspects of a relatively new theory for modeling the said part of the EGF in a local area, using a series of special spherical functions ensuring local orthogonality. With the global gravitational model EGM2008 as input information, we aim to construct a local analytical one for the high-frequency component of the EGF in the Republic of Burundi territory. To overcome the main technical difficulty, the problem of solving rank-deficient systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAE), special regularization techniques are employed. The developed algorithm generalizes the classical global spherical harmonic analysis (GSHA) and is treated as one of the preferred alternative methods of regional modeling. It enables representing fields with high spatial resolution using a much smaller number of parameters rather than the classical GSHA. Compared with other possible methods of regional analysis, the advantage of the LSGA is ultimate provision of a solution, not only analytical, but also meeting the Laplace differential equation, which, as we know, is fundamentally important in many problems of geophysics in general and physical geodesy in particular

GIS technology is increasingly being introduced into analytical activities due to a special focus on the relationship of observation objects in space. In addition, the growth of interest in geoinformation methods is facilitated by emergence of geographically structured data sets, including big social data, which, in addition to obvious advantages, are characterized by possible errors and incomplete facts, including address information. The aim of the work is to study the influence of the applied data geocoding algorithms and the weight matrices formed on their basis on the results of assessing the spatial autocorrelation of prices. The study was conducted on the prices of potato for 1952 settlements of the Russian Federation, in daily detail for the period from 01/01/2021 to 12/31/2024. The computational experiment is aimed at comparing alternative estimates of the global Moran`s index with testing various geocoding sources (Openstreetmap and Rosreestr) and approaches to constructing spatial weight matrices. The research showed that, in general, the geocoding source does not greatly affect the conclusion on presence/absence of spatial dependence of prices, but in the case of OSM API geocoding, higher index estimates were derived, with a corresponding proportion of statistically significant estimates and less variation in the values obtained. The choice of the weight matrix can influence the final estimates

The authors study the approaches to selecting the type of state reference system, the fundamental features, and the advantages of using their different kinds. A scheme is presented for implementing conversion from various coordinate systems to the state one, the GSK-2011, in which the latter acts as dynamic. The software implementation of the data transformation, taking into account the movement of the Earth`s crust and including its model constructed for the territory of the Russian Federation is described. Developed by the authors it is used to calculate the coordinates of points in the GSK-2011 system for different observation epochs. The results of the software verification are presented, and their comparison with various services and catalogs is carried out. The analysis of the results for points belonging to different lithospheric plates shows the greatest differences in the determined coordinates for Okhotsk (the Okhotsk Sea) lithospheric plate

The authors present the results of satellite images texture analysis for geological mapping in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, where field surveys are complicated by challenging logistics and harsh climate conditions. We examined approaches to interpretation of satellite data based on geological spectral indices and morphometric terrain parameters. Special attention is paid to advanced texture analysis methods, particularly the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), which enabled identifying structural anomalies caused by tectonic disturbances and mineralogical properties. As a case study, the Pavlovskoye lead-and-zinc deposit (Novaya Zemlya isles, RF) was analyzed using Sentinel-2 data. Seven GLCM features were calculated, their spatial distribution was examined, and principal component analysis was performed, allowing for detection of tectonic structures. The research showed the potential of texture analysis for geological mapping and identifying promising mineralization zones in the remote and hard-to-access regions of the Arctic

The authors present an algorithm for determining the boundaries and profiles of snow avalanches’ paths, required to calculate their dynamic parameters. This data (release areas, inclination of release and transit zones), as well as resulting avalanches’ velocities and run-out distances, obtained through digital elevation models presented by various sources (ArcticDEM, ASTER GDEM, ALOS DEM, FABDEM), are compared with each other and DEM from laser scanning data as well as those constructed with the help of topographic maps and plans.The latter are traditionally used for statistical modeling of avalanche parameters in engineering surveys. The simulation results are verified by the data provided in the passports of the registered avalanche events. The tool for the ArcGIS GIS package was written in Python. The outcome is a text with the required characteristics, as well as a set of the avalanche paths’ individual components vector files. FABDEM was found to be the optimal digital model from the existing ones for such calculations. The best resolution of digital models was found to be 2,5–5 m

Economic development of areas with active volcanism is associated with high risks due to the dynamic nature of natural processes. Existing land management approaches do not fully account for the specifics of long-term and multi-component volcanic threats. The aim of this study is to develop and theoretically substantiate a system of methodological principles that ensure effective land resource management under such conditions. The methodological basis comprises systemic, dialectical, and deductive approaches. As a result, a system of seven interconnected principles is developed and presented

Spatial data consistency is very important in geographical research. In recent years, the widespread availability of user-class unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has enabled the acquisition of aerial imagery data and the creation of high spatial resolution digital surface models (DSMs) of local coverage. However, these works may not always be accompanied by accurate geodetic reference, which worsens the positional accuracy of the materials. For example, the models obtained from multi-temporal surveys may be displaced relative to each other by a noticeable amount (up to tens of meters vertically and/or horizontally). Many co-registration techniques are used to align such DSMs, but the accuracy of these transformations has not been sufficiently assessed to date. This paper deals with the accuracy estimation of the co-registration applied to DSMs derived from unmanned aerial imagery data without precise georeferencing. Sets of aerial photographs from 2021–2024 for four sites with different terrain and vegetation characteristics were used. The DSMs acquired for these sites were co-registered using three different techniques

With the rapid development of multi-constellation global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the world of satellite navigation has undergone tremendous changes. Once all six systems (IRNSS, BeiDou, QZSS, Galileo, GLONASS, and GPS) are deployed in the next few years, approximately 150 satellites will be available, which will bring huge opportunities and challenges to science and engineering applications. This paper describes an experiment conducted with the static method for the Multi-GNSS about achievable accuracy especially for the long baselines (Wide Lane ambiguity solution). The obtained results indicate that integrating GPS systems with Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS and IRNSS are favoured for surveying applications. It appears that through the integration of GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BeiDou/QZSS/IRNSS static measurements in the study area, millimetre-centimetre accuracy may be guaranteed on for long baselines by using Wide Lane (WL).