Language is a species-specific human capacity. Language is acquired gradually and simultaneously from birth. The purpose of this study was to find out a comprehensive description of forms and factors that influence the expression of acceptance and rejection of children's conversations in Dharma Wanita Kindergarten school, Bengkulu Province. A descriptive qualitative approach and ethnographic design were used in this study. The subjects of this study were children in the Dharma Wanita Kindergarten, Bengkulu Province. The researchers themselves are the key instrument. Data analysis shows that children in Dharma Wanita Kindergarten school can express personal attitudes in communicating. However, they have not fully applied the communicative principles (cooperative and politeness principle) in conversation, and any external factors influence their conversation.

Racism is not only an internal issue of a country while discussing pluralistic society. The racism in the US must attain multitudes international attentions due to diversity of the people, including Asians with diverse races. The purposes of this study are to investigate how the ideology of racism is constructed through language and why the racism is occurred in pluralistic society of the US. The data for this study is two bilingual talks of Oliver Prass in KOMPAS TV. The CDA is adopted as tool to explore and discover racism ideology though language representation. The result on textual dimension with transitivity process depicts that racism ideology occurs in different forms to show effect of personal feeling and psychological effect from racist people toward the victims. In discursive dimension, to emphasize a hidden agenda of a discourse requires the speaker status and position during producing the language; for instance, as social activist, victims, and Indonesian. Then in social practices implies the reason why racism is existing; those are as a defense mechanism, economic anxiety, personality profile and power as well as authority abuse by the government that may lead to racism treatment on minorities by discrimination and negative prejudice.

The potential of local culture in tourism development is part of the product of human creativity which has economic value. The research objective is to analyze local culture as a tourism attraction in Payakumbuh City which is packaged in the form of performances, in the pockets of tourist attractions served by junior high school students. The research method used is qualitative analysis through direct observation and in-depth interviews with related parties to the research. To analyze the potential and problems in local culture as a tourism attraction at each research location, including the potential and internal and external problems. Culture, especially in the City of Payakumbuh, in general, has unique potential and a center for art products, namely Sikatuntuang, which can be developed to increase local cultural tourism. The strategy of packaging local culture, especially the art of brush, the city of Payakumbuh, is used as packaging for performing arts that attracts tourists to come to the city Besides being served in pockets of nature tourism in the City of Payakumbuh, there is also a Payakumbuh Fair, which can be used as a media for promotion and introduction of cultural tourism destinations for people in need both nationally and internationally.

Banjar tribe who inhabited Banjarmasin, the capital city of South Kalimantan Indonesia, had a unique bridal makeup. This study aimed to describe the details and the meaning of the makeup, hair styling, clothing, and accessories for Banjar brides. This study was also to describe the Islamic values in the bridal makeup and its potential to be used as character education. This qualitative research used John Fiske's critical ethnographic and semiotic approaches in three areas of study namely signs, codes, and cultures. Data were collected by using interview, observation, and documentation and processed using coding technique. Results showed that Banjar bridal makeup ornaments were in the form of flora, fauna, nature, and geometric. The ornaments described women who were faithful, devout, hardworking, tenacious, patient, humble, and self-respect. Islamic values were manifested in the relationship between humans and God namely faith, Islam, and ihsan (generosity). Human relationship was manifested in a form of social status and kinship. Human-nature relationship was in a form of harmony as well as in a form of noble self-attitude and tough mentality. This make-up could be developed into a media of character education for the bride and groom to create a happily faith-based family.

The students' language politeness can be observed from gender perspective. The objective of this research is to describe the form of language politeness between male and female students in Vocational school. Politeness principle used Leech politeness principle (1993), focuse of this research is the form of male and female students’ politeness. This is descriptive qulitative reseacrh with sociopragmatics approach. The data are the politeness uttarances made by the student. The data are collected by using listening-free-participating-speaking (simak bebas libat cakap/SBLC) technique and data transcription. The data analyzing technique use Miles and Huberman interactive model, that consists of four steps, they are collecting data, reducing data, analizing data and verifying or conclusion drawing by pragmatics comparing methods. The result of the research shows that there is a different form of language politeness between male and female students which is reflected in politeness and impoliteness maxim. Female students’ politeness maxim are (1) tact maxim; (2) generosity maxim; and (3) agreement maxim. Male students’ impoliteness maxim are (1) generosity maxim; (2) modesty maxim; (3) agreement maxim; dan (4) the sympathy maxim.Keyword: students’ politeness, gender, Vocational School KESANTUNAN SISWA LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DI SRAGEN, JAWA TENGAHAbstrakKesantunan berbahasa siswa dapat dilihat dari perspektif gender. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk kesantunan berbahasa siswa laki-laki dan perempuan dalam Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Prinsip kesantunan yang digunakan adalah prinsip kesantunan menurut Leech (1993), fokus penelitian pada bentuk kesantunan berbahasa siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiopragmatik. Data berupa tuturan siswa yang mencerminkan kesantunan berbahasa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC) dan transkripsi data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, analisis data dan verifikasi atau penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan perbedaan bentuk kesantunan berbahasa antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Perbedaan tersebut tercermin dalam maksim kesantunan yang dipatuhi dan dilanggar oleh siswa. Pematuhan prinsip kesantunan siswa perempuan terdapat dalam (1) maksim kebijaksanaan; (2) maksim kedermawanan; dan (3) maksim kesepakatan. Sedangkan penyimpangan prinsip kesantunan siswa laki-laki terdapat dalam (1) maksim kedermawanan; (2) maksim kerendahhatian; (3) maksim kesepakatan; dan (4) maksim kesimpatian.Kata kunci: kesantunan berbahasa siswa, gender, Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

EKRANISASI, DARI TRADISI TEKSTUAL KE SINEMA: KETIDAKSETIAAN TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI-NILAI DALAM SASTRA TULIS?AbstractEcranization is a wide-screening or transferring process of a novel into the movie. Ecranization can be a process of sifting or transferring or removing characteristics of a novel into a film. This study is written descriptive-qualitatively based on data collected from the results of literature studies. The data include primary and secondary data. Primary data covers the novel of Ayat-Ayat Cinta published by PT Penerbit Republika-Basmala in 2005 which is also a material object, some quotes or dialogues in Ayat-Ayat Cinta (AAC) by Habiburahman El Shirazy and the AAC film directed by Hanung Bramantyo. The study found that despite the fact both the title of the film and the names of the main characters are the same as the novel, but the rides from novel to film have separated and distinguished the distinctive features of the media itself with their respective rides, novel vehicles and movie rides. We can neither expect the loyalty of a film to the novel as the source of the story because there will certainly occur changes following the nature of the media and their respective lovers. It is important to emphasize that in distinguishing how to enjoy two different mediums it is necessary to appreciate the works of literature to avoid disappointment because of the natural differences that must exist between the film and the novel.Keywords: Ayat-Ayat Cinta, difference, ecranization, film, novel, media AbstrakEkranisasi adalah proses pemutaran film layar lebar atau transfer sebuah karya novel ke dalam bentuk film. Ekranisasi merupakan proses penyaringan atau pemindahan karakteristik novel ke dalam sebuah film. Penelitian ini ditulis secara deskriptif-kualitatif berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan dari hasil studi kepustakaan. Data meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer mencakup novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta yang diterbitkan oleh PT Penerbit Republika-Basmala pada tahun 2005 yang juga merupakan objek material, beberapa kutipan atau dialog dalam Ayat-Ayat Cinta (AAC) oleh Habiburahman El Shirazy dan film AAC yang disutradarai oleh Hanung Bramantyo. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa kendati judul film dan nama-nama tokoh utama dalam film AAC sama dengan novelnya, namun wahana dari novel ke film telah memisahkan dan membedakan ciri khas media itu sendiri dengan wahana masing-masing. Terkait wahana yang harus diciptakan, kita memang tidak bisa mengharapkan kesetiaan film terhadap novel sebagai sumber ceritanya, karena pasti akan terjadi perubahan mengikuti sifat media dan pecinta karya sastra film tersebut. Penting untuk ditekankan bahwa dalam membedakan bagaimana menikmati dua media yang berbeda tersebut diperlukan apresiasi terhadap karya-karya sastra untuk menghindari kekecewaan karena perbedaan alamiah yang harus ada antara film dan novel.Kata Kunci: Ayat-Ayat Cinta, perbedaan, ekranisasi, film, novel, media

CAMPUR DAN ALIH KODE DALAM NOVEL KUKEJAR CINTA KE NEGERI CINA KARYA NINIT YUNITA Abstract Code-mixing and code-switching cannot be avoided in a bilingual society. Besides in daily utterances, code-mixing and code-switching are also used in language literature. The use of code-mixing and code-switching in literature is certainly based on its contexts. This topic is essential to study because it really reflects what it is in a particular society rather than the use of the language in terms of its beauty. In addition, it is closely related to the social and cultural life as a form of language as the tool of communication. This study is aimed to describe and explain code-mixing and code-switching with the function in the novel Kukejar Cinta ke Negeri Cina written by Ninit Yunita. Data are collected by simak method. The data are validated by triangulation theory and analyzed by padan intralingual method that refers teknik hubung banding menyamakan hal pokok (HBSP). The results of the study about code-mixing are outer code-mixing which are English, Mandarin, and Arabic languages and inner code-mixing which is Javanese language. The study result of code-switching is found externally that is the use of English, Mandarin, Indonesian, and Arabic. Keywords: code mixing, code switching, function, novel, Kukejar Cinta ke Negeri Cina Abstrak Campur kode dan alih kode tidak akan bisa dihindari pada masyarakat dwibahasa. Selain dalam tuturan kehidupan sehari-hari juga digunakan dalam bahasa karya sastra. Penggunaan campur kode dan alih kode dalam karya sastra tentu berdasarkan konteks. Topik tersebut penting untuk dikaji karena sifatnya lebih nyata dalam merefleksikan apa yang ada pada masyarakat tertentu daripada penggunaan bahasa hanya dari segi keindahannya. Selain itu, erat kaitannya dengan kehidupan sosial budaya sebagai wujud bahasa untuk alat komunikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan campur kode dan alih kode serta fungsinya yang terdapat pada novel Kukejar Cinta ke Negeri Cina karya Ninit Yunita. Data tentang campur kode dan alih kode yang terdapat dalam novel ini didapatkan dengan metode simak, yaitu dengan cara mengidentifikasinya. Validasi data dilakukan dengan triangulasi teori. Data dianalisis dengan metode padan intralingual. Metode ini memiliki teknik hubung banding menyamakan hal pokok (HBSP). Hasil kajian ini diperoleh campur kode yang sifatnya ke luar, yaitu menggunakan bahasa Inggris, Mandarin, dan Arab sebagai wujud campur kode. Selain itu, campur kode bersifat ke dalam dengan menggunakan bahasa Jawa. Alih kode yang ditemukan bersifat ekstern, yaitu menggunakan bahasa Inggris, Mandarin, Indonesia, dan Arab. Kata Kunci: campur kode, alih kode, fungsi, novel, kukejar cinta ke negeri cina

PLOT DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN SAKINAH BERSAMAMU KARYA ASMA NADIA DENGAN ANALISIS FEMINIMISME Abstract This study aims to obtain an understanding about the plot in a collection of short stories " Sakinah Bersamamu " by Asma Nadia. This study used a qualitative approach assisted by analysis of feminism. Documentation and observation are used in the data collection technique. Research data are in the forms of plot, stage of plot, and a form of conflict, and the form of completion in a collection of short stories " Sakinah Bersamamu " by Asma Nadia. The results of research isthe plot in the short story collection Sakinah Bersamamu by Asma Nadia, they generally have two forms: the form of plot forward and plot backward, with the stages of starting point with a simple introduction, conflict, recognition of conflict, complication, denouement, and resolution. Forms of conflicts in the collection of short stories in the form of inner conflict and the solution is in the form of closed and open. Plot presented by Asma Nadia in a collection of short stories " Sakinah Bersamamu " is able to bring the event-by-event of problems about the conflict in the household, ranging from problems in social life, the problems of the family, especially the husband, and the problems of the past. Keyword: plots, the short story collection, feminisme analysis Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang plot dalam kumpulan cerpen ” Sakinah Bersamamu ” karya Asma Nadia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan dibantu analisis feminisme. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dan observasi. Data penelitian berupa bentuk plot, tahapan plot, dan bentuk konflik, dan bentuk penyelesaian dalam kumpulan cerpen ” Sakinah Bersamamu ” karya Asma Nadia. Hasil penelitian yaitu plot dalam kumpulan cerpen Sakinah Bersamamu karya Asma Nadia, secara umum memilik dua bentuk yaitu berbentuk plot maju dan berbentuk plot mundur, dengan tahapan dimulai dengan pengenalan sederhana, konflik, pengenalan penyebab konflik, komplikasi, peleraian, dan penyelesaian. Bentuk konflik dalam kumpulan cerpen berupa konflik batin dan penyelesaiannya berbentuk tertutup dan terbuka. Plot yang dihadirkan oleh Asma Nadia dalam kumpulan cerpen “ Sakinah Bersamamu ” mampu menghadirkan peristiwa demi peristiwa tentang permasalahan dalam rumah tangga, mulai dari permasalahan dalam kehidupan sosial, permasalahan dari dalam keluarga terutama suami, dan permasalahan dari masa lalu. Kata kunci: plot, kumpulan cerpen, analisis feminisme

BANGGA DENGAN KEKAYAAN WARISAN BUDAYA INDONESIA DAN WASPADA DENGAN USAHA PELESTARIANNYA DI DUNIA GLOBALAbstractIndonesia as an archipelago country has a lot of cultural heritage that it is decently called as a multicultural country. The richness of Indonesian culture is not only in tangible cultural heritage but also in intangible one. It includes artifacts, inscriptions, traditional food, clothes, music instruments, oral traditions and expressions, performing arts, rituals and festive events, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, and traditional craftsmanship. However, there have been a number of issues concerning the sustainability of Indonesian cultural heritage. Some of which are the difficulty of connecting culture with societies, the struggle to maintain inter-generational transfer of knowledge, lack of recognition, stylistic and thematic imitation, misappropriation by unauthorized reproduction or distribution, and foreign claims to Indonesian cultural heritage. Those issues are influenced by the globalization era in which the development of life style and technology increases rapidly. Due to the crucial value of the culture as the identity of a nation, therefore Indonesia surely needs to preserve it. This paper aims to discuss the richness of Indonesian culture, several cultural issues in global world, and the cultural heritage preservation efforts. The significance of this paper is to give a better understanding about these issues and to create awareness about the importance of maintaining cultural identity of the nation in global world. Keywords: Indonesian cultural heritage; preservation efforts; global worldAbstractIndonesia sebagai negara kepulauan memiliki banyak warisan budaya yang biasa dikenal sebagai negara multikultural. Kekayaan budaya Indonesia tidak hanya dalam warisan benda budaya tetapi juga dalam bentuk tak benda. Ini termasuk artefak, prasasti, makanan tradisional, pakaian, alat musik, tradisi dan ekspresi lisan, seni pertunjukan, ritual dan festival, pengetahuan dan praktek mengenai alam dan semesta, dan kriya tradisional. Namun, ada sejumlah isu mengenai keberlanjutan warisan budaya Indonesia. Beberapa di antaranya adalah kesulitan menghubungkan budaya dengan masyarakat, perjuangan untuk mempertahankan transfer pengetahun antar-generasi, kurangnya pengakuan, peniruan gaya dan tematik, penyalahgunaan reproduksi dan distribusi oleh pihak yang tidak sah, dan klaim asing untuk warisan budaya Indonesia. Isu-isu tersebut dipengaruhi oleh era globalisasi ketika perkembangan gaya hidup dan teknologi meningkat pesat. Mengingat pentingnya nilai budaya sebagai identitas suatu bangsa, bangsa Indonesia tentu perlu untuk melestarikannya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas kekayaan budaya Indonesia, beberapa isu budaya di dunia global, dan upaya pelestarian warisan budaya. Signifikansi dari makalah ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang masalah ini dan untuk menciptakan kesadaran tentang pentingnya menjaga identitas budaya bangsa di dunia global.Keywords: warisan budaya Indonesia; usaha pelestraian; dunia global