Bioelectronic medicines (BEMs) use electrical impulses to modulate neural circuits and restore physiological function. This emerging field combines molecular medicine, neuroscience, engineering and computing to deliver precise and personalized therapies for chronic and complex disorders. Applications range from paralysis, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis to hypertension and sensory deficits. By targeting specific neural pathways, BEMs reduce systemic side effects and improve treatment outcomes. Advances in miniaturization, biocompatible materials, and closed-loop systems have accelerated translation into clinical practice. With the potential to customize devices for individual needs, bioelectronic medicine offers a transformative approach to disease management and patient care.

The emergence of drug-resistant malaria strains continues to challenge global malaria control efforts. Misuse and overuse of existing antimalarial therapies have contributed to the development of resistant variants of Plasmodium falciparum. In this work, we report the synthesis, characterization and in silico analysis of 5-aryl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione derivatives as potential agents against drug-resistant P. falciparum. Their interactions with two essential parasitic targets: PfDHFR-TS and Falcipain-2, were investigated through molecular docking to assess their potential antimalarial activity. The compounds 3a-3o were synthesized using an eco-friendly method that uses glycerol and water as solvents. The reaction conditions were gentle, making the process more sustainable and efficient, with good results in a shorter time. NMR and FT-IR tests confirmed that the compounds were formed correctly. The docking results suggest that these compounds bind well to PfDHFR-TS and FP-2.

This explorative study centers around the aromatic herbs Leucas aspera from the Lamiaceae family to recognize its anti-microbial action. L. aspera is known to have an extensive variety of phytochemicals present in it, which have significant pharmacological qualities. Under this research, phytochemical screening was performed on extracts. Extraction of phyto constituents from aerial parts of the plant was done utilizing cold and Soxhlet extraction process using different solvents such as dichloromethane, methanol, hexane and ethyl acetate. Extracts obtained were thereafter screened against a wide range of micro-organisms and the outcomes are reported. Using the well diffusion assay, antimicrobial activity was determined against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasilensis. This wide spectrum of microorganisms includes skin infection causing pathogens. It significantly inhibits microbial growth against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Enterococcus faecalis. Hence minimum inhibition concentration has been established against these microorganisms. Our study indicates that L. aspera contains potentially active phytoconstituents that can effectively combat bacteria that cause skin infections.

The aim of this study is to develop a simple, easy, reliable, time saving HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of indacaterol and budesonide in synthetic mixture, as a lacuna for analysis of indacaterol and budesonide in combined formulation, which is soon to be marketed by pharmaceutical industry for the treatment of COPD, has been observed. This was achieved by using as stationary phase aluminium plate precoated silica gel 60 F254 and as mobile phase toluene: methanol (8:2 V/V). The retardation factor was found to be 0.185 ± 0.003 and 0.411 ± 0.007 for indacaterol and budesonide, respectively. The separated bands of indacaterol and budesonide were scanned at a wavelength of 254nm for quantification of the same by obtaining the peak area. The developed method has been validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines for system suitability, specificity, linearity, precision, LOD, LOQ, robustness and accuracy with %recovery in the range of 98.11 – 98.31% & 98.75 – 99.83% for indacaterol & budesonide, respectively.

The Ayurvedic formulation Dasamula is widely utilized for its therapeutic effects, particularly in addressing oxidative stress and inflammation, which are key contributors to chronic ailments such as cardiovascular syndromes, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions. Two primary components of Dasamula, Oroxylum indicum and Gmelina arborea, are well-known for their potent antioxidant properties. O. indicum, rich in flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds, has demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activity, enhancing the body’s endogenous antioxidant defense systems. G. arborea, containing iridoid glycosides, lignans and coumarins, exhibits strong antioxidants and antiinflammatory effects in oxygen species neutralization and modulation oxidative injury at the cellular level. The objective of this paper was to study traditional applications of O. indicum and G. arborea in Ayurveda, focusing on their role in combating oxidative stress. It also explores recent advancements in the standardization of these plants, ensuring consistency in their bioactive content for therapeutic use. By standardizing key phytoconstituents, researchers can ensure the efficacy, safety, and reproducibility of Dasamula formulations in modern medicinal contexts. This work highlights the potential of O. indicum and G. arborea as critical elements in polyherbal therapies aimed at managing oxidative stress, bridging traditional wisdom with contemporary scientific validation.

Dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) represent a vital class of heterocyclic compounds with diverse therapeutic applications. This review explores recent advances in synthetic strategies, including classical Biginelli reactions and modern green methodologies for efficient DHPM production. It emphasizes the structure–activity relationship (SAR) insights that guide the rational design of DHPM derivatives with enhanced bioactivity. Comprehensive biological evaluations highlight the potential of DHPMs across multiple therapeutic areas, including anticancer, antitubercular, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antiHIV, antihypertensive, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Key derivatives exhibit nanomolar-tomicromolar potencies in vitro, with selectivity over normal cells and strong interactions with biological targets, confirmed through molecular docking and dynamics simulations. SAR analyses reveal that electron-donating substituents, aromatic rings and lipophilic chains significantly improve activity, with thioxo analogs often outperforming their oxo counterparts. This review provides valuable insights for medicinal chemists by lin

This study aimed to develop and scale up solid lipid nanoparticles of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC.HCl-SLN) for targeted treatment of brucellosis. Using thermodynamic affinity parameters, excipients (glyceryl monostearate and Pluronic® F68) were selected to enhance drug entrapment. Laboratory scale SLN were fabricated using nanoprecipitation and further optimized for lipid and surfactant concentration to achieve desired entrapment efficiency and particle size. A stepwise scale up from 1X to 150X was achieved by optimizing surfactant ratio, organic and aqueous phase volumes. Trehalose and Pluronic® F68 were identified as effective cryoprotectants via freeze thaw studies, guiding successful lyophilization. Characterization confirmed spherical morphology, amorphous drug state, good colloidal stability and injectability. Hemolysis was < 10 % and serum stability was seen upto 6 h. The final scaled formulation (SU20) remained stable under refrigeration for 6 months, thereby with acceptable redispersion properties, supporting its potential for scale up production and parenteral administration in veterinary and clinical settings.

Essential oils are widely studied and utilized in various fields, including food, medicine, and cosmetics. This study investigates the chemical composition and antibacterial properties of four individual essential oils-lemongrass, lemon, mint and cinnamon-as well as their mixtures. The results indicate that cinnamon essential oil and a combination of mint, lemon, lemongrass, and cinnamon in a 30:25:25:20 V/V/V/V ratio exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antiseptic solutions containing essential oils were transparent, had distinctive scents, and were nonirritating to the skin. Among the tested formulations, the one with a high proportion of lemon essential oil (mint:lemon:lemongrass:cinnamon at a 30:60:0:10 V/V/V/V ratio) was the most preferred due to its appealing fragrance, which combined the sweetness of lemon with the refreshing notes of mint and cinnamon.

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) exhibits good anxiolytic activity that is well established in published literature and its traditional use is proof of clinical utility. This work presents the formulation development and evaluation of oral disintegrating tablets (ODTs) of W. somnifera. ODTs were made by direct compression method utilizing PVP K30® as the binder, sodium starch glycolate as the disintegrating agent and crospovidone as a super-disintegrant. The formulations were assessed for thickness, weight variation, disintegrating time, dissolution test, friability and hardness of tablets. The developed tablets showed good disintegrating time, as required for ODTs, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability and dissolution. Formula composition F3 was finalized based on the evaluation parameters. These ODTs would be a good alternative to the conventional delivery systems used in therapeutic management of anxiety.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using green methods, particularly utilizing plant extracts, have emerged as promising candidates for anticancer therapy. This paper presents the formulation and comprehensive evaluation of green synthesized plant-based silver nanoparticles for their therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. The green synthesis approach offers advantages such as eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness and scalability, making it an attractive option for nanoparticle synthesis. During the synthesis process, plant extracts act as reducing and stabilizing agents, leading to the creation of biocompatible nanoparticles with improved anticancer capabilities. The formulation process involves optimizing synthesis parameters such as extract concentration, reaction time and temperature to achieve nanoparticles with desirable characteristics. The results show that these nanoparticles effectively inhibit cancer cell growth, trigger apoptosis and reduce tumor development. Overall, the formulation and evaluation of green synthesized plant-based silver nanoparticles offer promising insights into their therapeutic prospective for anticancer applications, highlighting their potential as novel and sustainable nanotherapeutics in the fight against cancer.