People with cognitive disabilities are often excluded from research due to the inaccessibility of methods and assessment tools. Critical challenges include ensuring self-determination, developing inclusive recruitment methods, and enabling effective communication, all of which are essential to inclusive research. This article describes the use of graphic vignettes—illustrating various forms of violence—combined with semi-structured interviews as a multimodal approach to promote sensemaking and reflexivity related to violence against persons with cognitive disabilities. This methodological study is based on a reflexive thematic analysis conducted with 17 participants with cognitive disabilities (18 years or older). It describes the development of the vignettes and interview strategies designed to elicit participants’ own understanding of violence while supporting their decision-making and sense of control over the interview process. The article also discusses the implications and value of using vignettes and interviews as a multimodal research approach that not only maximizes accessibility and flexibility but also enhances self-determination and actively builds trust; key aspects that support sense-making of sensitive topics, such as violence. In doing so, this study provides key methodological insights that uniquely facilitate reflection and the direct participation of this population in research about their lives.

High-performance coaching is a deeply gendered field of work. Despite international and national efforts, women are still systematically underrepresented in coach education and in leadership positions. For example, at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, only 13% of the accredited coaches were women. While there is substantial international research on gender inequality in high-performance coaching, in-depth knowledge on the current qualification and work situation of women high-performance coaches is limited. To address this gap, the Women in Sports Coaching: Investigating qualification and professional pathways in German elite sport (QualiFT) study was designed, which we report and reflect on in this protocol. The overarching aim of this mixed-method study is to investigate gender-specific barriers and support factors for women coaches’ career pathways in high-performance sport as well as to develop needs-based solutions in collaboration with key stakeholders. Employing a participatory mixed-methods design across three sub-studies, the project combines a blend of data collection and analysis methods, such as an online survey, biographical mapping interviews, focus group discussions, expert interviews, and document analysis. Statistical evaluation of license and survey data as well as qualitative insights from practitioners, experts and document analysis enable a multifaceted understanding of structural and individual barriers and support factors for gender equity in coaching. In so doing, the study provides a foundation for developing research-based measures to promote gender equity in high-performance sports coaching.

Deficit-based public narratives about migrants can be profoundly violent, (re)producing intersectional stigma and exacerbating harm for gay and bisexual migrant sex workers. Migration in Latin America has doubled since 1990, with millions of Venezuelan migrants resettling in neighboring countries like Colombia, where rising xenophobia is fueled by negative portrayals in media, research, and public discourse. Guided by the theoretical movement of Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health (LASM-CH) and Creative-Relational Inquiry (CRI) methodology, the research project Estamos Aquí (We Are Here) collaborated with gay and bisexual Venezuelan migrant sex workers in Medellín, Colombia, to co-create visual narratives that center their capabilities, agency, and vibrancy. Co-developed with the HIV organization Más Que Tres Letras (MQ3L), the project included six arts-based workshops led by a Colombian gay artist, with input from MQ3L leaders and participants. Each workshop focused on a theme (e.g., migration, sex work) and a corresponding artistic medium (e.g., fanzines, upcycled clothing, sublimation printing). Between November 2024 and January 2025, we conducted six four-hour workshops in which participants could take part more than once. In total, thirteen unique individuals participated, with an average of six participants per workshop. This paper centers on the methods of data co-creation rather than analysis, resulting in four components: (1) grounding horizontal learning and establishing workshop commitments; (2) disrupting linear growth through iterative co-learning and unlearning; (3) leveraging creativity to foster mutual presence; and (4) creating opportunities to support solidarity within and beyond the research. These themes reflect the transformative, iterative possibilities of arts-based CRI, which centers embodied, relational, and collective knowledge. By treating collective struggle and socio-political context as data, the project advances critical arts-based methodologies, rooted in relational ethics and political commitment, centering made vulnerable communities to generate more nuanced, justice-driven inquiry in research.

Background Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is a significant global public health concern, with survival rates ranging from 2% to 11%. Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for improving survival rates. However, public willingness to perform CPR varies widely because of many determinants. This study aims to systematically synthesize qualitative evidence on the determinants of public participation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (OHCPR). It provides insights for enhancing public engagement in emergency response. Methods Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for qualitative systematic reviews, a comprehensive search was conducted across six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, ProQuest, and The Cochrane Library) for studies published up to February 2025. Data extraction and thematic analysis were conducted to identify themes and sub-themes. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024593820). Results The analysis identified 10 categories and synthesized into 3 themes: (1) The Situational Web, which includes patient characteristics and need for assistance; (2) Knowledge, skills and training, highlighting the impact of first aid knowledge and training on willingness to act; and (3) Inner Self, focusing on intrinsic drive and·psychological distress. These themes collectively shape public decision-making in emergency situations. Conclusions Public participation in OHCPR is determined by a complex interplay of the situational web, knowledge, skills and training, and inner self. Enhancing public training programs, providing clear guidance, and addressing psychological barriers are crucial for improving the willingness of bystander intervention. Future research should focus on optimizing training effectiveness and addressing cultural and regional differences to further enhance public participation in CPR.

Qualitative fieldwork in emotionally charged and culturally complex settings presents unique methodological and ethical challenges, particularly for early-career researchers. This paper reflects on a focused ethnographic study of adolescent mothers in Pakistan, examining how emotional entanglement, insider outsider positionality, and repetition shaped the research process. Drawing on reflexive memos and field notes, the paper illustrates how participants’ disclosures, silences, and relational cues created “ethically important moments” that demanded care, humility, and flexibility. Reflections highlight three key areas: (1) the role of emotions as epistemic resources rather than methodological distractions; (2) the fluidity of insider outsider dynamics shaped by shared language, cultural proximity, and symbolic authority; and (3) the affective impact of repeated questioning, which transformed interviews into mirrors for the researcher’s own reflexivity. The discussion emphasizes practical strategies such as journaling, supervisory debriefings, interpretive humility, and positioning reflexivity as an embedded and necessary methodological stance. This paper contributes to ongoing conversations about the relational, and reflective dimensions of qualitative research by offering practice-based insights for researchers conducting ethnographic work. Knowledge shared will be of value to qualitative researchers, research mentors, and ethics boards seeking to strengthen training, methodological rigor, and ethical responsiveness in emotionally intensive fieldwork.

This article’s five research exemplars were created using the narrative inquiry tools of broadening, burrowing and storying-restorying. After that, serial interpretation, an overarching analytical device, was used to derive shared meaning from them. These narrative exemplars, each accompanied by carefully crafted research notes, probe a theme relating to the movement of research findings to practice and vice versa, a process known as knowledge translation. Each exemplar includes teachers’ sense of knowing in context expressed in their own words. This directly contrasts with knowledge-for-teaching approaches where experts produce knowledge that teachers are expected to implement. Why knowledge mobilization questions were not initially asked is also considered. Rigorous examination reveals that the five narrative exemplars helped to propel teaching and teacher education in the direction of knowledge mobilization, albeit in different ways. However, neither the field nor the researchers and reviewers in it were ready to take up those questions. Still, the exemplars provide strong foundational knowledge as to how translational research might best be approached from a narrative inquiry perspective. The five exemplars elucidate what impactful knowledge mobilization narratives would need to include, along with the inquiry conditions needed for the movement of teachers’ in situ knowing. The vital role of narrative is also spotlighted.

In this paper, we outline our recent adventures in Action Research in which we developed a publicly available toolkit to help older adults and their caregivers navigate the health and home care systems in our province in Canada. We outline the trajectory that brought us to Action Research and describe the project we undertook to provide practical support for older adults and their caregivers in our community. We reflect on the process of research, including our work with policy makers and key stakeholders in our efforts to make change. In the hope it might provide guidance to those beginning their own work in research for change, we reflect on lessons learned, including the personal and professional challenges and successes we encountered in our ongoing commitment to this work.

Tourism research has increasingly embraced methodological diversity, yet often separates qualitative and quantitative traditions. Revisiting King, Keohane, and Verba’s Designing Social Inquiry , this research highlights their claim that social science is guided by a unified logic of inference, comprising descriptive and causal inference. While these logics underpin much of tourism scholarship, from mapping destination images to modeling the tourism-growth nexus, the distinctive nature of tourism as lived experience invites a more explicit articulation of how KKV’s unified logic can be applied to tourism’s humanistic domains. Drawing on inferential reasoning, this study proposes a three-tier logic of inference specific to tourism: experiential inference, which captures how tourists live and feel the world; transformative inference, which explains how experiences catalyze personal, communal, and environmental change; and existential inference, which addresses ultimate meanings and being through tourism. To operationalize this perspective, the paper develops an integrated inferential framework that links research questions, measurement strategies, and analytic procedures to these inferential targets. The framework is illustrated through an empirical vignette of dark tourism at Con Dao Island, demonstrating how experiential encounters, processes of transformation, and existential interpretations can be systematically inferred from empirical materials. In addition, the study advances a meaning-oriented analytical orientation that encourages scholars to attend not only to observable outcomes but also to processes of human meaning-making within tourism contexts. Collectively, these contributions provide methodological clarity while acknowledging tourism’s existential dimensions, offering a coherent framework for applying KKV’s inferential standards to tourism’s experience-, change-, and meaning-oriented inquiries.

Cross-disciplinary, arts-based interventions are gaining recognition for improving palliative care by addressing the complex experiences of patients with life-limiting illnesses. These interventions integrate healthcare, arts, and spiritual care. Despite their acknowledged value, challenges remain regarding the positioning, legitimacy, and autonomy of artistic and spiritual perspectives within academic and clinical settings. This study investigates how executors – researchers, spiritual caregivers (SCers), and professional artists – of the In Search of Stories (ISOS) intervention experienced transdisciplinary collaboration. Focus of the study is on exploring if and how ISOS fostered mutual learning between executors on working with art-based methods, including Rich Pictures (RPs), text-elicitation interviews, and artistic co-creation; or whether practices of boundary work dominate. Data from 21 evaluation interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Mutual learning occurred between artists and SCers on time and agenda management skills, and on the relevance of using arts-based methods in palliative care. SCers framed the artistic co-creation as extending and deepening the outcomes of the RPs and text-elicitation interviews used to visualize and explore patients’ illness experiences. This broadened the scope of supportive care beyond the conventional role of the SCer. Artists and SCers also employed boundary work, as they were protecting the autonomy of their professions against perceived instrumentalization tendencies by researchers. As the arts and spiritual care become more common in healthcare contexts, tensions may emerge between practitioners’ wish for autonomy and the perceived goal-driven nature of medical care and research. To navigate these tensions, developers and implementers of cross-disciplinary collaborations in the medical fields should engage in proactive discussions with practitioners regarding their positioning and legitimacy within existing or emergent research and care frameworks. This ensures that their professional identities are acknowledged and reflected in their work, which may contribute to more equal collaborations in healthcare.

In long-term dementia care, simulative technology such as robotic pets and virtual reality is increasingly used to support psychosocial well-being. While their ethical use has been debated in the literature, the voices of stakeholders, including people living with dementia, family members and care staff have not been meaningfully represented. This protocol paper describes a two-phase qualitative study that aims to identify stakeholders’ perceptions of ethical issues relating to simulative technology use and ways to navigate these issues in long-term care contexts. In Phase 1, a constructivist grounded theory approach will be used to explore stakeholders’ perceptions of ethical issues; in-depth interviews or focus group discussions will be conducted with people living with dementia, their family members, long-term care staff, and managers. Discussions will be audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed. In Phase 2, a virtual Nominal Group Technique will be used to explore means in which ethical dilemmas can be navigated. Participants will include stakeholders as described in Phase 1, along with ethics experts and decision-makers. Participants will review the ethical issues and ways to navigate dilemmas as identified in Phase 1, suggest additional issues and strategies to navigate dilemmas, and a mixed-methods analysis will be applied to prioritize strategies, and a qualitative content analysis will be used to analyze free-text comments to identify rationales behind prioritization. The findings will inform the development of a resource guide that integrates the lived experiences and expert knowledge to support ethically informed technology use in long-term dementia care.