An attribute of modern robotic systems and control systems for unmanned vehicles is a machine vision, which is based on processing of images obtained from highly informative radar or optoelectronic sensors. Effective image processing and recognition procedures are based on use of morphological features of objects images with high space‑time stability. This paper considers one of the aspects of images morphological analysis related to the influence of errors in the reference contour descriptions of objects. With use of developed analytical apparatus it is shown that the result of such errors is a decreasing of object/background contrast and, as a result, increasing of image comparison errors. The degree of this increase depends on the object type (area, linear) and its characteristics (size, contrast). Practical recommendations on the acceptable level of errors in the representation of object descriptions are justified.

The article deals with the task of simplifying the reverse design process by implementing three-point 3D scanning, which allows you to speed up the technological stages of reverse design to the moment of product manufacture, as well as simplify the procedure for defecating finished products and create favorable conditions for the implementation of the principles of unification. The model of the control system in this article refers to the structuring of elements of the technological organization of the process of creating 3D prototyping of existing copies created by the use of reverse engineering. For this purpose, the problems of traditional technologies that do not allow timely coping with changes in the technical system under the influence of in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents and environmental requirements were considered. We also analyzed not only the principles of operation of traditional technologies, but also the zone of reverse engineering, which allows you to achieve an increased level of production capacity by identifying a group of key defects based on the process of flaw detection and statistical analysis.

The article discusses the problems of forecasting technical and consumer characteristics at designing or modernization of complex technical systems. The model of the technique of complex technical system potential monitoring is proposed, it consists of two successive stages: analysis of technical level of the researched object relatively to its competitor and forecasting changes of consumer characteristics of the leading analogue for studied object using the moving average method. The methodology algorithm for monitoring of potential of a complex technical systems has been developed. The features of the developed methodology connected with obtaining of analytical data basing on which the enterprise becomes able to control the trends of complex technical systems modernization are indicated. Also the renewal of knowledge information bank will promote development of flexibility of small-scale production technological processes and adaptation to the factors of external competitive environment, adjusting itself to the needs of the current customer without extra human and financial resources.

The article considers the task of designing promising radio equipment. The classification of the components (elements) of the developed samples by their novelty (innovativeness) is given. They are divided into reuse components, which are characterized by minimal design risks, cost and time costs, into innovative (new) components, which have the highest risk of creation, high cost and time costs, but at the same time determine the progressiveness of the created radio engineering Means and on the combined components. The following is the statement of the problem of optimizing the layout of a sample of radio equipment during design by the criterion of «efficiency-cost». The generalized indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of radio equipment of stable functioning is substantiated, including private indicators of reliability, noise immunity, and also cost indicators. To solve this problem, a method of sequential analysis of options is proposed.

The goal of synchronized production is achieved through a proportional state of the mandatory components of the technology. Operational visualization of the activities of structural units and processes will allow us to move from stationary performance indicators to key performance indexes. Such transition is typical for enterprises accepting the TQM concept that includes orientation either on external or on internal customer. That is why the processes of operational activity should have not only vertical character for the whole hierarchic management structure for modern enterprise but also include reference points for controlling of continuous horizontal structures. As a result will be transition to the system of delayed and leading indicators that allows to create an ideological basis for the technological breakthrough to create of synchronized production.

The paper presents the results of modeling the distribution of bioimpedance in breast tissue with the aim of exploring the possibilities of mammographic examination to detect neoplasms and to solve the problems of personalized medicine. A three‑dimensional electrodynamic model of breast tissue with skin and neoplasm is considered. The model allows you to determine the spatial location of neoplasms depending on their size, depth at different thicknesses of the skin at given values of the detecting sensitivity of the mammograph. The results of modeling the spatial location of neoplasms are confirmed by experimental data and bioimpedance studies of patients. The experiment was carried out on a breast tissue simulator based on agar‑agar with imitation of neoplasm due to the introduction of a syringe injection of saline.

The features of heart x-ray diagnostics in newborns are considered. The necessity of synchronization of x-ray apparatus with electrocardiogram (ECG) is substantiated. Prospective and retrospective methods of ECG synchronization are described, the limits of their applicability are determined. The block diagram of the device for ECG registration in one lead is given, the functional purpose of each block of the scheme is considered. An example of an ECG recorded using the developed device is shown. Based on the recorded ECG, a method for recognizing the diastolic phase is shown. The original ECG signal is processed by the moving average filter, then its first derivative is calculated. The resulting signal also passes through the «moving average» filter, and then differentiates, becoming the second derivative of the original ECG signal. For the first and second derivatives are set thresholds, within which the first and second derivatives must be located to enable the x-ray apparatus. Averaging the diastolic phase of 20–30 cardiocycles allows you to calculate the time window in which the x-ray machine is switched on. The application of the developed method can significantly improve the quality of x-ray images by improving the accuracy of control of the x-ray apparatus by synchronizing its operation with the diastolic phase of the ECG.

Currently the manufacture of small-size unmanned flying vehicles is actively developed; that leads to a necessity of creating reliable and precise microelectromechanical sensors. Many of them can operate under strictly determined conditions. The presented methodology allows creating sensors in such a way that they can preserve small sizes and basic quality parameters under various operation conditions. Due to the presence of magnetic elements it is necessary to take into account the influence of an external magnetic field, for it is able to seriously interfere with the operation of the sensor and lead to inaccurate measurement results, and paths with current are able to increase temperature in a closed volume of the device housing, which will affect its static and power characteristics. The choice of geometric parameters and materials for manufacture of the magnetic screen, the method of reduction and elimination of thermal effects has been substantiated.

The paper considers the theoretical issues of designing radar stations sector with the use of electronic scanning and rangefinder-angular measurement method, as well as the principles on which the algorithms for processing radar signals to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. A practically applicable version of the construction of centimeter-range mobile radar stations based on the technology of cascaded active phased waveguide-slot antenna arrays for solving external trajectory measurements is presented. A description of the serial and parallel positioning schemes of the posts is given, and restrictions on the measuring range and viewing sectors for each of the applied schemes are determined. The basic technical characteristics of the posts of the complex of external trajectory measurements and registration of the parameters of the movement of air objects are proposed, the main tasks and functioning conditions are determined, the influence of the medium on the propagation of radio waves, limiting the choice of the frequency range of radar stations, is considered.

The paper considers results of researches of influence of unorthogonal of edges of the trihedral corner reflectors (TCR) with triangular edges on changes of the maximum and median values of the radar cross section (RCS) within the central lobe of back scattering diagram (BSD) in wide frequency band. Fluctuations of RCS on frequency in radio frequency range are considered. Expressions for assessment of maximum deviation of results of calculation of RCS within the central lobe of BSD TCR with triangular edges caused by unorthogonal of their edges are presented. The received estimates of mean square deviation of the analyzed values for RCS TCR in working frequency band give the chance to compare the calculated values of RCS within the central lobe of BSD with results of electrodynamic modeling by method MoM taking into account reclining of their edges. These results can be used for the benefit of phonotarget information support of space means of arms and also when carrying out tests of samples of space arms. The provided scientific result gives the chance of assessment of RCS TCR RCS within the central lobe of BSD in wide frequency band with a margin error smaller, than at direct measurements of RCS.