The aim of this research was to assess the physical self-esteem of albinos in the Democratic Republic of Congo (more specifically, those living in the city-province of Kinshasa), and to identify the most explanatory factors. With this in mind, a physical self-esteem inventory was applied to 70 albinos living in Kinshasa, members of the Mwimba Texas Association. Following the administration of this inventory, it was found that the albinos surveyed had positive physical self-esteem. This positive self-esteem manifested itself in a positive perception of: (1) overall self, (2) physical value, (3) physical appearance and (4) strength. The study of explanatory determinants made it possible to target two factors that influenced all the dimensions of the self-esteem of the subjects surveyed (support of entourage and perception of albinos by entourage).

This research discusses the phenomenon of private tutoring, which has become a significant threat to the education system by creating academic inequalities and hindering students' equal opportunities for university enrollment. The study explores the prevalence of private tutoring at the secondary level in Ghardaia and investigates the reasons behind its widespread adoption. It also examines whether educational elements, such as teachers and the curriculum, influence the prevalence of private tutoring. Additionally, the research explores the role of families in encouraging their children to adopt this educational pattern. The descriptive-analytical methodology was employed, utilizing a questionnaire with 23 items distributed across three axes: reasons related to the student, reasons related to the teacher and curriculum, and reasons related to the family. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of individuals in Ghardaia. After analyzing the responses, the study found that the majority of the sample attributes the spread of private tutoring largely to reasons associated with the family, significant encouragement from families for their children to join private tutoring, and perceived teacher inadequacy in academic achievement. The dense curriculum was also identified as a crucial factor leading students to opt for private tutoring.

Technological development is not a process determined only by the technology itself, the characteristics of which are largely decisive. Technology must be absorbed by an initially foreign system, in which a series of process-factors manifests itself, such as: strategy, top management, organization (company), technology and environment. The results are determined by each of these factors, but especially by the interactions, the connections between them. This paper develops a methodology for selecting and evaluating technologies for transfer based on groups of evaluation criteria (strategic, financial, industry / market technology consumers, internal, technological specifications, intangible effects) with the assignment of points (prioritization) starting from the performance descriptors for each criterion. The role of performance descriptors is not only to elucidate the relative value of technologies, but also to do so as objectively as possible.

This study accentuates the importance of the contemporary jewelry in the promotion of the national Bessarabanian identity. Romanian jewelry and adornments can include traditional elements, materials and techniques for the purpose of creating a unique masterpiece, which reflect Romanian culture. The ways through which contemporary jewerly can help promote Romanian national and traditional identity include inspiring traditional motifs, exploring cultural symbols, education and awareness, collaborating with local designers, and promoting sustainability. This study highlights the vital role of contemporary jewelry in preserving and transmitting Romanian Cultural Values in Bessarabia to future generations and in creating deep connections between artists, designers and the local community. It also highlights the importance of national identity in the development of contemporary jewelry, which can contribute to the promotion of Romanian traditions and crafts in the contemporary global context.

The collective monograph "Analysis of the risks associated with food in the Republic of Moldova" was carried out within the project 20.80009.5107.09 "Improving the quality and safety of food through biotechnology and food engineering" within the State Program (2020-2023), Strategic Priority II "Agriculture sustainable, food security and food safety". The work includes the analysis of the risks associated with improper nutrition, the behavioral characteristics of consumers in relation to the consumption of salt, sugar, sweeteners, trans fats. The risks of contamination of raw materials and food products along the food chain with technogenic pollutants are analyzed in detail: food contamination caused by the environment, contamination caused by animal breeding and care, food contamination during processing, food contamination during transportation and contamination in the result of contact with food packaging.

The research paper aims to answer the main research question whether China can really becomethe next superpower towards the middle of 21st century through its economic performance, energypolicy, population, nuclear capacity and ideology. The hypothesis of the research paper is that in 21stcentury international system will become a bipolar with hegemony of the United States and China.With regard to the research methods, the following methods have been used: Case Study and ContentAnalysis. Case Studies are perhabs the most widely used research approach in internationalrelations (IR).In addition, to assert the main research question the Content Analysis is used. That method involvesanalyzing large amounts of text-based data. During research it was exercised books, analytical articles,and different research papers of international research institutes: like Carnegie Center, CenterStrategic and International Studies (CSIS), Belfer Center of International Affairs Harvard KennedySchool etc.Other method is the statistical method, related to the presenting the concrete statistics, for instance,concerning GDP of China, statistics of foreign trade, energy import etc.Theoretical context in this research is theory of international relations Realism. Particularly HansMorgenthau’s Realist Theory (6 principle) second principle – National Interest defined in terms ofNational Power. According to this principle nations always define and act for securing their nationalinterests by means of power. History tells us that nations have always acted on the basis of power.

본 연구는 부모의 긍정적, 부정적 양육태도가 청소년의 현실 및 사이버 비행에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 그 경로에서 학업무기력과 또래관계 질의 이중 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 한국아동·청소년패널조사(KCYPS)에 참여한 중학교 3학년 2,380명의 데이터를 활용하였다. 구조방정식 모형 분석 결과, 첫째, 학업무기력과 또래관계 질은 부모의 양육태도(긍정적, 부정적)가 청소년의 비행(현실, 사이버)에 이르는 모든 경로를 순차적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학업무기력은 부모의 양육태도(긍정적, 부정적)가 청소년의 비행(현실, 사이버)에 이르는 경로에 대해 개별 매개효과를 가지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 또래관계 질은 부모의 양육태도(긍정적, 부정적)가 청소년의 비행(현실, 사이버)에 이르는 모든 경로에 개별 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부모의 긍정적 양육태도는 청소년의 현실 및 사이버비행에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않았고 부정적 양육태도는 현실비행에만 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구의 분석 결과를 토대로 청소년의 비행을 예방하기 위한 여러 방안을 논의하였다. 예를 들어, 청소년 자녀의 비행 예방을 위한 부모교육 프로그램 개발 및 제공, 교사를 대상으로 학업무기력을 느끼는 청소년의 학업적 어려움에 관한 전문 교육 제공, 학교사회복지사의 학습동기 향상 프로그램 및 또래관계 질 향상 프로그램 운영, 지역사회 관계기관의 청소년 스포츠활동 프로그램 및 동아리 개설 등이다.

International tourism is one of the most dynamically developing forms of international trade. In the economy of a particular country, it performs a number of important functions: it is a source of foreign exchange earnings and a means of providing employment for the population; contributes to the balance of payments; contributes to the diversification of the economy, providing stimulating effects on industries serving the tourism sector; increases the attractiveness of the country as a sphere of international entrepreneurship and business cooperation; creates incentives for the inflow of foreign capital into the national economy.
 The main feature of international tourism is the crossing of state borders. The greater the differences between states, the greater the obstacles to the free movement of people. The simplification (tightening) of formalities has an impact on international tourist flows, providing (or, conversely, hindering) the movement of people. The complex and confusing procedure for issuing travel documents, violation of the deadlines for their consideration or arbitrary deviation, the introduction of severe restrictions on imports and currency exchanges, which determine the level of consumption of goods and services by tourists, do not contribute to the development of international tourism. From this point of view, customs declarations and inspections act as a deterrent and lead to a reduction in tourist trips.
 Another feature of international tourism is economic in nature and is revealed through the impact it has on the country's balance of payments. Foreign tourists, paying for goods and services, ensure the flow of currency into the budget of the host country, thereby activating its balance of payments, which is why the reception of foreign tourists is called active tourism. On the other hand, the departure of tourists abroad is associated with an outflow of currency from their country of permanent residence. International payments for tourism operations of this kind are reflected in the liability of the balance of payments of the country supplying tourists, and tourism itself is characterized as passive. The division into active and passive, based on the characteristics of the reflection of the financial results of tourism activities in the balance of payments, is inherent only in international tourism and does not apply to domestic tourism.Keywords: Tourism, World Tourism Organization, Recreation, Visitor, Statistics, World Politics, World Economy

본 연구는 성인 ADHD를 주제로 국내에서 수행된 석·박사 학위논문 및 학술지 논문을 중심으로 성인 ADHD 관련변인에 대한 효과를 메타분석을 통해 통합 및 분류하여 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2019년까지 국내에서 발간된 학위논문 및 학술지 42편에 대해 메타분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성인 ADHD 관련변인에 관한 연구는 2007년부터 꾸준히 이루어지다가 2017년 조금 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 둘째, 심리 내적 요인에서 보호 변인군(-0.32)이 중간 효과크기를 가졌으며, 위험 변인군(0.50)은 큰 효과크기를 가졌다. 심리 외적 요인에서는 보호 변인군(-0.18)이 통계적으로 유의한 효과크기를 가지지 못하였지만, 위험 변인군(0.37)의 경우 중간 효과크기를 가졌다. 셋째, 성인 ADHD와 관련된 보호 변인군 중 정서(-0.32), 인지(-0.24), 관계(-0.19) 순으로 중간 효과크기를 가졌으며, 행동 변인의 경우 유의한 효과크기를 가지지 못하였다. 위험 변인군 중 정서(0.50), 인지(0.46), 관계(0.41) 순으로 큰 효과크기를 가졌으며, 행동(0.35) 변인은 중간 효과크기를 가졌다. 본 연구결과는 성인 ADHD 관련변인 연구들의 일반적인 경향을 파악하였으며, 향후 연구해 나아가야 할 방향성을 제시하고 성인 ADHD예방과 치료적 개입의 기초자료가 될 것을 기대한다.

This study examined impact of herders and crop farmers conflicts on rural livelihoods in selected communities in Ogun state, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted and purposive sampling method was used to select two hundred and eighty seven respondents for the study. An adapted instrument “ Herders-Crop Farmers Conflicts and Rural Livelihoods Scale (HCFCRLS)’’ with Cronbach Alpha internal consistency of 0.73 was administered. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical tools and correlation matrix at 0.05 level of significance. Correlation analysis showed that there were negative significant relationship between herders and crop farmers conflicts and productive assets (r= -0.703), productive activities (r= -0.831), income (r= -0.795), social assets (r= -0.804) and capability (r= -0.616) respectively. It also showed that there was a negative significant relationship between herders and crop farmers conflicts and livelihoods (r=-.8635) in the study area. Therefore, the two null hypotheses were rejected at 0.05 level of significance. It was concluded that herders and crop farmers conflicts have caused significant negative impact on the livelihoods of victims. It is recommended that government should regulate herders and crop farmers activities, improve access to ownership of land resources for any agricultural productive activities