IntroductionScientific and technological advances are emphasizing biomarker‐driven studies to diagnose, classify, and predict the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementias (Ds) with the development of intelligent systems during these symptom‐free years.MethodsIn this study, the data of people over 65 who were diagnosed with AD/D in 2020 were retrospectively scanned, and the data of 243,073 people identified were analyzed on a total of 32 variables, 6 of which were dependent variables and 26 were independent variables.ResultsIt is understood from the logistic regression (LR) models that AD/D is a multilayered and extraordinarily complex condition with biological, mental, and social dimensions rather than a single variable or parameter.DiscussionAs a main result of the study, it is understood that instead of generalized diagnostic criteria, the appearance and boundaries of AD in society can be determined with specialized technology‐based smart systems.

People with extreme longevity represent a unique model to study the biology of aging and discover clues to improve the general population's health. Current scoping reviews systematically map and synthesize the existing literature on supercentenarians and semisuper centenarians to identify key themes, methodologies, and findings that can inform the development of a comprehensive framework for a Global Supercentenarian Cohort Study protocol. A scoping review was conducted as per PRISMA-ScR guidelines using the PEO framework (population: semisupercentenarians aged 105+; exposure: genetics, socioecological, and other factors; outcome: supercentenarians aged 110+). Seven databases, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus Secondary literature, Scopus Patents, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), were searched, incorporating data from Scopus Secondary literature. Unpublished data were excluded. The scoping review protocol was published to ensure transparency and rigor. 144 were included. A thematic analysis of individual studies' findings was conducted to identify multidimensional themes of supercentenarian health. The following themes were identified: Age validation theme, demographics theme, behavior theme, personality, traits theme, quality of life theme, well-being and life satisfaction, cognition theme, social theme, religiosity/spirituality theme, independence/self-ability theme, mental health theme, health theme, genetics theme, and ecological theme. There was variability in the methods of assessment and tools used for each theme across different studies and inconsistencies in terminology, with similar concepts such as social support, social engagement, social contact, and social isolation being referred to by different names in various studies. We propose a comprehensive framework comprising three components: cohort setting, measuring contributing factors, and full assessment. This framework sets the stage for a unified, supranational protocol that harmonizes survey methods across countries, integrates multidisciplinary perspectives, and adopts a longitudinal approach. It would enable larger sample sizes and more robust statistical analyses, allowing researchers to explore complex relationships and derive more accurate conclusions about supercentenarians' health, well-being, and longevity. Developing this unified protocol necessitates the consensus of global experts.

In an aging society, the early detection and diagnosis of dynapenia, defined as the age-associated loss of muscle strength, are pivotal for preventing or decreasing the deterioration of body functions. This study aims to explore the relationship between dynapenia and nutrition, body fitness, and physical activity. This cross-sectional study surveyed participants at a regional hospital in 2017. The survey utilized the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The body weight, height, appendicular skeletal muscle-mass index (ASMI), calf circumference, balance, lower limb flexibility, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory endurance of the participants were measured by trained staff. Additionally, logistic regression models were used to explore the risk factors for dynapenia. Among the 393 cases, overweight status, obesity, and below-normal calf circumference were associated with an increased likelihood of dynapenia, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.15 (p = 0.019), 4.15 (p = 0.002), and 2.15 (p = 0.02), respectively. Conversely, higher ASMI and cardiorespiratory endurance were associated with a decreased likelihood of dynapenia, with ORs of 0.41 (p = 0.002) and 0.97 (p = 0.001), respectively. Additionally, old age increased the likelihood of dynapenia with an OR of 1.18 (p < 0.001). Other variables were not significant. Controlling body weight and encouraging older adults to engage in physical activities that enhance handgrip strength can reduce the risk of dynapenia. Therefore, promoting self-care behaviors to reduce the adverse outcomes of dynapenia is crucial for enhancing healthy life in older populations.

ObjectivesThis study investigated gender disparity in quality of life (QOL) and social support among older adults in West Bengal, India.MethodsThe study was conducted among 200 older people. The WHOQOL‐BREF questionnaire and the MSPSS scale were used to measure the respondents’ QOL and social support, respectively. Bivariate correlation and binary logistic regression were performed.ResultThis study showed that being female (AOR: 2.53; CI: 1.32–4.86), low social support (AOR: 5.18; CI: 1.98–13.57), moderate social support (AOR: 4.17; CI: 2.05–8.49), functionally impaired (AOR: 2.25; CI: 1.04–4.86), and being widowed (AOR: 2.95; CI: 1.29–6.73) were significantly associated with poorer QOL of older adults. The interaction effect showed that the QOL of older men would experience a greater improvement than that of older women as a result of increased social support.ConclusionDue to inadequate research on the relationship between QOL and social support with special emphasis on gender in India, this study will provide insight for planning interventions to improve older individuals’ QOL.

Objective To explore the prevalence of pain and its risk factors among older people in Mexico. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis using data from the 2018 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS), which included 8958 participants aged 60 years and above. Variables including pain, social demographics, and health‐related factors were collected through questionnaire surveys, and a binary logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors associated with pain. Results The prevalence of pain among older people in Mexico was 40.8%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that female gender, obesity, retirement, incapacity or inability to work, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis/rheumatism, heart attack, and cancer history were positively correlated with pain. In contrast, higher levels of education, widowhood, household chores, and exercising more than three times a week are negatively correlated with pain. However, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption did not show any significant correlation to pain. Conclusion The prevalence of pain is relatively high among older people in Mexico. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to improve awareness of the risk factors and the prevention of pain.

The benefits of preparation for aging have been reported, but knowledge of the factors behind it is scarce. We investigated the associations between the current level and the change in socioeconomic, social, health, and psychological resources with preparation for aging among 61‐year‐old Finns. The analysis included altogether 175 men and women who participated in the latest data collection of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS) in 2020–2021 and completed the brief scale domain‐specific preparation for age‐related changes. Baseline data for changes in resources were derived also from the JYLS data collection in 2009. We found several associations between life resources and preparation. The multivariate general linear models showed that the personality traits of extraversion and conscientiousness were the most significant resources for planning for aging. Longitudinally, decreased financial resources were associated with less preparation for aging. The results highlight the relevance of financial security as a prerequisite for more preparation towards later life. Moreover, even though people with certain personality traits are more prone to preparing for aging, it is important to develop ways to support all people near retirement age to orient towards their future lives.

Background: Aging leads to physiological and psychological changes that compromise both mental and physical autonomy, as well as cognitive functions, thereby increasing the risk of anxiety and depression. The sedentary lifestyle typical of older individuals results in a deterioration of the overall quality of life and well-being.Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Hatha yoga in improving cognitive health among older adults. We will specifically examine the impact of this practice on attention, memory, and reasoning.Methods: The present study assesses the impact of Hatha yoga on attention, memorization, and reasoning in healthy older adults aged between 65 and 80 years. The study population comprises 45 healthy individuals (26 men and 19 women; 72.3 ± 5.6 years) residing in a retirement home, divided into three groups: a yoga group (YOGA, n = 15) that participated in yoga sessions; a physical activity group (APS, n = 15) engaged in sports and physical activities sessions; and a control group (CONT, n = 15) that did not undertake any activities. The study spanned 24 sessions, with two sessions per week lasting 45 min each. Participants completed test sessions dedicated to evaluating attention, memory, and reasoning before (T0) and after (T1) 12 weeks. A two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between groups and over time.Results: After the intervention sessions, the data showed that the YOGA group registered significantly greater improvements at T1 compared to that of T0 in all cognitive parameters (e.g., attention (p < 0.001, Hedges' g = 1.35), memory (p < 0.001, Hedges' g = 1.04), and reasoning (p < 0.001, Hedges' g = 1.82)). Furthermore, our results revealed a significant difference between the YOGA group and both the APS (p < 0.001) and CONT (p < 0.01) groups for the attention and reasoning parameters at T1.Conclusions: This study underscores the potential of Hatha yoga to enhance the mental well-being of the elderly, suggesting significant benefits for cognitive well-being in this population.Trial Registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry: PACTR202405804830163.

Purpose: Accurate measurement tools are essential for evaluating the health-related quality of life in older adults. We aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sickness Impact Profile-30 (SIP-30) in community-dwelling older adults.Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty older adults participated in this study. To evaluate construct validity, its correlation with General Health Questionnaire-28, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale was assessed. Reliability features were also investigated.Results: The results of construct validity analysis demonstrated a moderate to high (r = 0.61–0.84) correlation between the total score of SIP-30 and GHQ-28, GDS-15, HADS, MHAQ, and NPRS. There was a moderate inverse (r = −0.67) correlation between the total score of the SIP-30 and the FAB Scale. Test–retest reliability (ICC > 0.83) and internal consistency (α = 0.94) of the Persian SIP-30 were high.Conclusions: The results indicated that the Persian SIP-30 is a reliable and valid measure to assess health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted multicomponent face-to-face interventions with older people, which became an opportunity for the implementation of these interventions in telehealth modality, as well as the analysis of the facilitators and barriers. This qualitative study examines the facilitators and barriers, from the users' perspective, of a promotional-preventive multicomponent intervention in older people using an asynchronous telehealth modality during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a continuation of the face-to-face intervention. Methods: Semistructured in-depth interviews were used. An intentional sampling was conducted over eight groups of older people in a city, who were part of a multicomponent (physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and education) telehealth (videos, infographics, manual, and WhatsApp) promotional-preventive intervention, who came from the same face-to-face intervention. After intervention, two groups were identified (intervention and control). Telephone interviews, until theoretical saturation was reached, were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted using Atlas.ti. Results: Twenty-six older people of both sexes, aged 60-88 years, were interviewed (14 intervened and 12 controls). Six themes were identified: positive aspects of telehealth, telehealth facilitators, preference for face-to-face modality over telehealth modality, telehealth barriers, reasons for not performing telehealth, and coping strategies in the pandemic: specifically, as facilitators, participating in the company of others, having participated in the same intervention previously (face-to-face modality), good knowledge of digital literacy, self-motivation, commitment to the program, and the emergence of innate leaders, and as barriers, pain during physical activity, complexity of cognitive exercises included in cognitive stimulation, poor digital literacy, and not having support from others. Conclusion: This is the first qualitative study that identifies facilitators and barriers of a multicomponent intervention in an asynchronous telehealth modality, as a continuation of the same face-to-face intervention. The asynchronous telehealth modality could be used regularly with older people in rural areas, in situations of disability and/or with care needs, pandemic scenarios, or natural disasters.

The variation of ribosomal (parameter R), satellite III (1q12) (parameter S), and telomere (parameter T) tandem repeats content of the human genome was studied in DNA samples isolated from blood leukocytes of 535 people whose age varied from 5 to 101 years. For analysis we used the method of nonradioactive quantitative hybridization. The group of centenarians (90–101 years old, N = 106) differs from other age groups by a significantly narrower distribution of the ribosomal repeat content in DNA, a much higher content of satellite III, and a lower content of telomere repeat. A negative correlation was found between the S and T parameters (p < 10−4). The findings of this study suggest that the calculated parameters S/T and S/(R∗T) exhibit a marked increase with age, culminating in maximal values within the cohort of centenarians. These results imply that the parameters R, S/T, and S/(R∗T) may hold the potential to serve as reliable predictors of life expectancy for individuals in advanced age.