To analyze the mechanical and antibacterial properties of bone cement composites that contain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) compounded with chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). An oxidation-reduction reaction was performed under sonic oscillation to prepare ten percent wt% AgNPs, CS-AgNPs and CMCS-AgNPs, which were subsequently mixed with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The compressive and bending strengths of these nanoparticles were measured before and after the samples were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF). The Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method and flask oscillation method were used to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the composites. The compressive and bending strengths of the AgNP, CS-AgNP, and CMCS-AgNP groups were significantly improved (P < 0.001). After the AgNP, CS-AgNP, and CMCS-AgNP groups were soaked in SBF, their bending strengths were significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.001). The K-B test showed that only the 5 wt% and 10 wt% CMCS-AgNP groups exhibited bacteriostatic rings for Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Flask oscillation analyses revealed that the 5 wt% and 10 wt% CMCS-AgNP exhibited good bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus, but good activity against MRSA was only observed for the 10 wt% CMCS-AgNP group. We developed CS/CMCS-AgNP bone cement composites that show good mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.

Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the impact of different adjustments and artificial aging on the color change (ΔE) and surface roughness (Ra) of monolithic zirconia (MLZ) and lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics. Materials and methods: Forty discs were prepared from two types of MLZs, including ceramill monolithic Zr (CM-Zr) and Prettau PSZ Zr (PP-Zr), and one LD (IPS e.max-LD, IPS-LD). After different clinical adjustments (performed with glazing, bur, bur + glazing, and bur + polishing) and artificial aging (in-vitro coffee immersion), the ΔE was assessed using a spectrophotometer. The roughness (Ra) was also evaluated after these adjustments. The ANOVA and multiple com-parisons test were used to compare the groups statisitcally and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: In the CM-Zr group, the greatest ΔE was observed after bur adjustment (3.32, p < 0.05) while the lowest ΔE was seen after the glaze treatment (2.11, p < 0.05). In the PP-Zr group, the highest ΔE was observed after bur treatment (2.70, p < 0.05) while the lowest ΔE was seen after the glaze treatment (1.25, p < 0.05). Lastly, for the IPS-LD group, the highest ΔE was again observed after bur treatment (2.91, p < 0.05) while the lowest ΔE was seen after glaze treatment (1.0, p < 0.05). After coffee immersion, it was observed that the highest overall ΔE was observed for CM-Zr after the bur and polish treatment (3.45), while the lowest overall ΔE was observed in IPS-LD after the glaze treatment (2.10). All the ΔE values were within the clinical acceptable range. The highest overall Ra was witnessed for CM-Zr after bur adjustment (1.64), while the lowest overall Ra was seen for IPS-LD after glaze treatment (0.26). Different clinical adjustments and artificial aging influence the colour stability of different ceramic materials (CM-Zr, PP-Zr, and IPS-LD). Compared to the MLZ, IPS-LD ceramics were more stable as they presented with lower ΔE after surface adjustments and coffee immersion. Conclusions: The surface adjustment that minimally affected the colour of these ceramics was glaze treatment, while the ceramics were most affected by bur adjustments. Coffee aging affected colour stability of all ceramic materials. IPS-LD ceramics presented the lowest Ra values after different clinical adjustments.

Aims: Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in-cooperated in a three-step etch and rinse adhesive against Lactobacillus survival rate, shear bond strength (SBS) and marginal leakage on CAD. Methods: Ninety premolars having occlusal carries to the middle third of the dentin were included. Inoculation of Lactobacillus on CAD surface was performed on 30 samples. The remaining 60 samples were then divided into three groups based on primer applied in three steps etch and rinse (n = 20) Group 1 (Optibond FL), Group 2: (Optibond FL + TiO2), and Group 3: (Optibond FL + ZrO2). The survival rate was assessed on the 30 samples. The remaining 60 samples were applied with Optibond FL bonding agent and composite restorative material. Microleakage, SBS, and failure mode were analyzed. The means and standard deviations (SD) were compared utilizing ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey multiple comparison test. Results: Specimens in Group 1 demonstrated the maximum numbers of Lactobacillus species and marginal leakage values. Group 2 specimens displayed the minimum count of bacteria, lowest microleakage scores, and highest bond values. However, Group 1 specimens showed the lowest bond integrity. Conclusions: ZrO2 and TiO2 NPs filled dental adhesive demonstrated better antimicrobial efficacy and bond strength. They also cause a reduction in marginal leakage at the resin dentin interface.

Objective: The study systematically reviewed the bonding strength of laser-treated titanium (Ti) alloy with porcelain compared to other conditioning methods. Methods: A search was performed using Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed for PICO focused question, “Does the laser treatment (I) of titanium surface enhances the bonding strength (O) between a titanium substrate and porce- lain/composite (P) as compared to other surface treatments (C)?” The standard mean difference (SMD) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) through the use of meta-analyses. Results: Of the 8 included studies, five studies used the shear bond strength (SBS) test, one study used tensile bond strength (TBS) analysis, and two utilized the flexural bond strength (FBS) test. Sandblasting showed SBS values ranging between 6.02 ±0.91 MPa and 7.00±2.45 MPa; while lased samples demonstrated scores of 6.16 ±0.37 MPa and 21.22±3.41 MPa. A TBS score of 52.62 MPa for the samples treated with air abrasion (control group) and 24.02 MPa for the laser- welded samples was observed. The meta-analysis revealed improvement in SBS (p = 0.04) scores for laser treatment, compared to the controls. Conclusion: The application of laser treatment of Ti alloy with ceramic is a promising alternative to improve the bonding strength of acrylic resin to titanium.

To investigate the efficacy of internal fixation with locking compression plate and intramedullary nailing in the treatment of open humerus fractures in emergency and their influences on the stress factors and inflammatory factors of patients. Sixty patients with open humerus fractures admitted in emergency department from December 2017 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study, and they were randomly divided into group A (n = 30) and group B (n = 30) based on treatment methods. Patients in group A received the internal fixation with locking compression plate, while patients in group B were treated with intramedullary nailing. The study compared various factors between the two groups, including operation time, surgical incision size, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative weight-bearing time, healing time, treatment effectiveness, inflammatory factors, stress factors, and the incidence of postoperative complications. In group B, patients had significantly shorter operation times and less intraoperative blood loss compared to group A (P < 0.05). Additionally, patients in group B started postoperative shoulder training earlier. The surgical incision size and fracture healing time did not show significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). The excellent and good rate of treatment in group A was 93.33% while 96.67% for group B (P > 0.05). On the 7th day after operation, patients in both groups exhibited increased serum levels of ESR, WBC, and IL-6. However, group B demonstrated significantly lower levels of these factors compared to group A (P < 0.05). Moreover, the norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and cortisol (Cor) all increased, and group B demonstrated lower levels than group A (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in groups A and B were 36.67% and 13.33%, respectively (P < 0.05). Both internal fixation with a locking compression plate and intramedullary nailing are effective in treating open humerus fractures in emergency cases. However, intramedullary nailing offers advantages such as shorter operation time, reduced intraoperative blood loss, lower postoperative stress and inflammatory responses, and a lower incidence of postoperative complications. Therefore, intramedullary nailing should be promoted as a treatment option for these fractures.

Aims: In this study, the authors aimed to examine the functional activities (adhesion, proliferation, and migration) of hMSCs under the effects of various concentrations of inflammatory mediators, such as TNFα or IFNg. Methods: HMSCs were exposed to various concentrations of the inflammatory mediators TNFα or IFNg, and the effects of TNFα or IFNg on the functional properties of hMSCs were determined using multiple functional assays (adhesion, proliferation, and migration). HMSC expression of genes (cytokine, chemokine, and adhesion molecule genes) was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Results: TNFα promoted their proliferation and migration especially at 100 ng/ml, while IFNg increased proliferation only at concentrations of 10 ng/ml and proliferation at 50 and 100 ng/ml. Conclusion: This study evaluated the suitability of hMSCs in treating inflammatory diseases, which are characterized by high levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNFα or IFNg, and proved that the treatment of hMSCs with TNFα or IFNg at higher concentrations has a protective effect.

Objective: To explore the nursing intervention and its clinical effect on oral mucositis after methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy in children with hematological tumors. Methods: Two-hundred children with hematological tumors admitted to Nanjing Children’s Hospital between January 2021 and August 2022 and treated with MTX chemotherapy after admission randomly dividing as control and experimental groups (n = 100 every group). Children given conventional clinical nursing and comprehensive oral care. Oral ulcer, quality of life, and satisfaction of children’s parents after intervention were compared between 2 groups. Results: SF-36 score after nursing intervention significantly increasing in experimental group compared with that of control group, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Satisfaction of children’s parents significantly improving in experimental group compared with that of control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive oral nursing intervention is effective in preventing and treating oral mucositis, improving oral cleanliness and comfort, and developing good oral hygiene habits, which is conducive to clinical rehabilitation in children undergoing MTX chemotherapy for hematological tumors.

Objective: Purpose of this work was to discuss effects and mechanisms of Sema 4C in colon cancer development. Results: Sema4C were significantly upregulated in cancer tissues (P <0.001). Following transfection, the expression levels of Sema4C mRNA were significantly downregulated in the si-Sema4C groups compared with those in the si-negative control groups of both HT-29 and SW620 cells (both P <0.001). The apoptotic rate was significantly increased, while the invasive and wound healing rates were significantly suppressed in the si-Sema4C groups of HT-29 and SW620 cells (both P < 0.001). The results of the RT-qPCR and western blotting analyses revealed that PI3K, AKT, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively, were significantly downregulated, while caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly upregulated in the si-Sema4C groups of HT-29 and SW620 cells. Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrated that the knockdown of Sema4C expression suppressed CRC cell biological activities by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, Sema4C may act as an oncogene in CRC.

Introduction: To explore the pathogenesis of gestational diabetic nephropathy (GDM) and its possible biological function by using large data bioinformatics mining algorithm. Materials and methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was retrieved and the data of GDM differential expression chip were screened and downloaded. The differentially expressed genes were screened by using R software Lima package (Log2FC > 1; P < 0.05). Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes was performed. Protein–protein interaction network of GDM pathogenesis was constructed by the database (STRING) to analyze the interaction between differentially expressed gene-coding proteins. Using Cytohubb software to further screen the key genes (hub genes) in the signaling pathway. In next step, 35 case of GDM and 39 normal pregnant women were selected as subjects. The expression levels of key gene coding proteins in venous blood and placenta tissues of GDM and normal pregnant women detected by immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR. And using cell experiment to analysis the key gene’s effects in GDM. Results: By Bioinformatics Analysis, CDK1 was significantly depressed in GDM (P <0.001), In clinical data, CDK1 protein and mRNA expressions were also significantly down-regulation in GDM compared with NC (P <0.001). In vitro study, with high glucose treatment, the cell were hyperproliferation with CDK1 depressing and AKT overexpression (P <0.001). However, with CDK1 supplement, the cell returned to normal with CDK1 overexpression and AKT depressing (P <0.001). Conclusion: CDK1 is differentially expressed in patients with GDM and play a key part in occurrence and development of GDM. CDK1 may be a key target for treatment and prevention of GDM.

Objective: To discuss sealing properties between BeeFill 2in1 warm vertical compaction technique and cold lateral compaction technique. Methods: Group1 BeeFill 2in1, Group 2: cold lateral compaction. The leakage specimens were measured using the transverse root sectioning, after 1 month. Results: The statistical analysis showed that the frequency of section with void, the percentage of void area and the percentage of sections at 1 mm–13 mm levels, the BeeFill 2in1 group were lower than those of the cold lateral compaction group. Conclusion: BeeFill 2in1 warm vertical compaction technique has its advantage in dealing with the long oval canal.