This study investigates the relationship between green banking practices and financial performance in Bangladesh's commercial banking sector. Using data from eight commercial banks listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) over the period 2014–2023, the study employs the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) methodology in STATA-17. Green Finance serves as the dependent variable, while Return on Assets (ROA), Market Value of Shares (MV), Return on Equity (ROE), Operating Cost Ratio (OCR), and Bank Size are the independent variables. The findings reveal a significant correlation between green finance and financial performance, with ROE and OCR positively influencing green finance, while MV and ROA show negative correlations. The study underscores the need for proactive green banking policies to drive sustainable financial growth and recommends that financial institutions and regulators strengthen green finance initiatives to enhance economic and environmental sustainability.

Ecology and economics are derived from Greek 'oikos' Ecology is the study of household and economics is its management. Neoclassical economic theories, laws and principles formulated since the WEALTH OF NATIONS are not synchronous with our understandings of the natural phenomenon of Planet Earth: the discovered theories, laws and principles of physics and biology. The man-made economic laws are insidiously presented to be at par with the discovered laws of the Planet's natural phenomenon by public relations and propaganda fed Ai and both sets of putative laws are to be regarded with the same deference. In fact, any economy of Planet Earth is but one of the many possible economies and unlike the laws of physics and biology, we have political choices to determine when, where and to what extend the so-called laws of economic behavior should hold sway. There is compelling evidence that the biological and physical components of Planet Earth are part of a single network that operates in a self-regulating way to maintain conditions that are broadly suitable for the existence of life, but that undergoes fluctuations on all scales, analogous to the fluctuations that occur in self-organizing systems on the edge of chaos. GAIA theory is a way of studying structuring matter at a molecular scale by slotting each atom into its needful place. It is a way of understanding flows of energy on every scale from that of the smallest living cell to that of the whole living planet. Planet Earth is a living system composed of human beings in continual interaction with one another and with their natural resources, most of which are, in turn, part of the mega-living system, GAIA. By subsuming land within the category of capital, almost all classical economists treated Nature to be a subset of economy. An endless pile of resources to be transformed into wealth. The reality is that the economy exists within and entirely depends on Nature, and many natural resources have no realistic substitutes. This natural world is not a subset of the economy. It is the other way around. The prevailing climate crisis, water crisis, biodiversity crisis, food crisis are the different forms of mismanaging the Earth's ecological processes by not recognizing nature's capital as the real capital and depleting nature's wealth by branding it income generating extractive mining to meet the input needs of the industrialized mega-machine's income production. The man-made mega-machine so far destroyed 75% of planet's soil, water, and biodiversity, and is responsible for more than 50% of the greenhouse gas emissions that are driving climate change.

This study examines the intricate relationships between Account, Transparency, and Accountability indicators and GDP growth across a panel of countries, focusing on the Current Account Balance (CAB), Net Capital Account (NCA), Net Financial Account (NFA), CPIA Transparency Rating, and Voice and Accountability (VA). Drawing on economic theory and empirical analysis, we investigate how these variables influence Economic (GDP) growth dynamics. Theoretical underpinnings suggest that positive CAB reflects trade surpluses, contributing positively to GDP through increased economic activity, while NCA inflows stimulate long-term productivity gains. Conversely, negative NFA indicates potential adverse effects on GDP from capital outflows. Empirical findings using fixed effects, random effects, and Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) regression reveal significant associations: positive CAB and NCA correlate with higher GDP growth, whereas NFA shows a negative impact. CPIA and VA, while important for governance, do not directly affect GDP growth in this context. This research contributes by providing nuanced insights into the drivers of economic growth, informing policy strategies for sustainable development and institutional enhancement.

This study aims to determine whether the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHavenH), which suggests the negative impact of the FDI on environmental quality (EQ), is valid in seven selected emerging market economies for the period 1990-2020. To achieve this goal, the CO2 emission (CE) model includes renewable energy consumption (REC) in addition to the FDI variable. The elasticity coefficients of the model, in which cross-sectional dependence (CSD) and slope heterogeneity were determined, were estimated by the AMG method. The study found that FDI and REC positively influenced the EQ of the countries examined. The Dumitrescu-Hurlin (D-H) test results indicated a bidirectional causality relationship between FDI and CE. Additionally, a unidirectional causality was observed from REC to CE. These results suggest that both FDI and REC play a role in improving EQ. The results of the analysis show that the PHavenH, which expresses the view that FDI in the relevant countries causes environmental degradation (ED) in developing countries, is not valid. In other words, it confirms the Pollution Halo Hypothesis (PHaloH), which points to the finding that FDI improves EQ in the countries concerned. In this context, it has been concluded that REC has an important contribution to determining the validity of this hypothesis. The findings of the study suggest that it is essential to formulate policy recommendations aimed at boosting the production and utilization of renewable energy in the seven emerging market economies under investigation. Such initiatives can help enhance environmental sustainability and contribute to a cleaner and greener future for these countries.

In this research, we probe the authenticity of both the Financial Kuznets Curve hypothesis and the classical Kuznets curve within the Turkish economy, exploring the interrelation between financial development and income distribution. By employing the ARDL bounds test approach in the econometric analysis, we ascertain that the Financial Kuznets Curve is applicable to Turkey. This means the correlation between income distribution and the extent of financial development adopts an inverted U-shaped pattern. Moreover, the interrelation between GDP and income distribution doesn’t form an inverted U pattern, demonstrating that the classical Kuznets curve is not pertinent in the context of Turkey. From the derived outcomes, it is inferred that prioritizing policies that accentuate financial development would constitute a more judicious economic strategy in Turkey, particularly for redressing disparities in income distribution, instead of merely focusing on economic growth.

The concept of NEET, which is derived from the initials of the words “Not in Employment, Education or Training”, is a classification used to describe only the idle young unemployed in the labor market between the ages of 15-65. Starting from England, which we can accept as the birthplace of the concept, it has emerged as a research field that has been increasing day by day since the 2000s. At this stage, bibliometric analyzes gain importance in order to see the historical process, interaction power, scientific and political effects of scientific research related to NEET, and to measure its quality and quality. In order to make this analysis, references to scientific studies are an important indicator. In this study, citation analysis was performed with the help of VOSviewer open source software, which works on a cluster-based basis thanks to its special algorithms, and the relations between researches, countries, keywords and authors were analyzed. As a result of this analysis, relationship networks were mapped and interpreted.

The long-standing producer's market, in which the selling price was the sum of costs and desired profit, has been transformed by globalization into a buyer's market, where profit is the difference between the realized selling price and the production costs. Therefore, every company must approach the reduction of operating costs and the optimal use of the resources at its disposal. Lean thinking can help companies in reducing business costs and increasing productivity. Lean companies can improve their processes and increase their competitiveness in the market. The paper aims to present lean thinking implementation in manufacturing companies to improve procedures and increase competitiveness. Based on proposed improvements to business processes, Frozen Ltd. saved time and costs, making it more competitive in the market and confirming the hypothesis that the lean methodology can help a company perform its business processes better. The company needs to continue with its efforts to use lean since this is not a single event but a journey.

Food is a basic need for humans. Since March 2020, Covid-19 has been detected in Indonesia, which is feared to have an impact on food availability. Banten is a province that is included in Priority Category 3 in handling food insecurity. Cilegon is one of the cities in the Banten Province that is experiencing shrinkage of agricultural land. The purpose of this research is to formulate an urban farming development strategy in Cilegon. The method used in this research is the survey method. This type of research is descriptive, namely research that interprets the factors with the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis method to produce strategies that can support the development of urban farming. The number of samples is 22 residents who carry out urban farming in Ramanuju Baru, Cilegon. The results showed that the internal factor that became the strength was the residents having high motivation and initiative in carrying out urban farming, while the internal factor that became the weakness was the limited knowledge of the residents in developing urban farming from an economic perspective. The results of research from external factors that become opportunities are Cilegon Government Policies in realizing food security, while the threats are pests and diseases in urban farming plants that need to be controlled naturally. Based on the analysis of internal and external factors using the SWOT matrix, the strategy to develop urban farming in Cilegon is to collaborate with the government and urban farming experts to provide consistent assistance to make urban farming activities in Cilegon economically valuable. To realize food security in Cilegon, collaboration is needed in aiding the community to manage urban farming professionally, so that it can provide economic value for the community.