This article interprets Kate Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour” using systemic functional grammar analyses (genre, transitivity, mood structure, and thematic structure) and thus implements the view that textual or linguistic justification is crucial for a credible literary reading. The SFG analyses result in the textual symptoms signifying that the short story deals with existential and feminist issues pessimistically that calls for a reexamination of Sartre’s and Beauvoir’s existentialism –especially on the notion of freedom, intentionality, and desire. However, the implementation of SFG itself raises a problem since the interpretation can be achieved without even implementing it in the first place. This research, therefore, highlights the question of the position that linguistic analysis has in literary reading; re-addressing the fundamental philosophical problem on the notion of credibility, objectivity, and methodology. However, the application of SFG is very useful in understanding Kate Chopin’s literary style and the proof of the non-existing line between language use and gender.

The reviving of the presence, existence, and eugenics of the Aborigines become pivotal issue to be brought up in the literature. Since the coming of the settlers, the Aborigines have seemed to experience shifting identity; living as a nominal population over the settlers; and later on becoming the ones who are attached with the ‘exotic’ due to their uniqueness and scarcity in number compared to the majority. This condition, from being the natives who own the land into those who become the ‘rare’ in their own land, provokes crucial issues related to the Aboriginal identity, which is challenging to be further discussed. Through <em>That Deadman Dance</em>, Scott tries to resurrect the Aborigine’s identity, especially <em>Noongar</em>, in the midst of disappearing Aboriginal communities. This article is aimed at revealing the identity of <em>Noongar </em>people by selecting and grouping the textual data in the novel which portray the Aborigines cultural experience and their indigenity. Later on, the data were investigated based on Muecke’s concept of connectedness to approach the problem. Accordingly, the narrative presented by Scott indicates that he has offered an alternative to view Aborigine’s identity which is potentially unsettling; thus, this finding seems to challenge the prescribed identity of <em>Noongar</em> corresponded by the major society.

There have been many researches on online language learning, especially online writing. Yet, research describing a reflection after experimenting with online writing to students is still under-investigated. To fill this gap, this paper aimed to inform the reflection of the researchers for the last three years conducting online writing exchange. The reflections came from the researchers’ view and students' views regarding the writing exchange program. The research design was narrative inquiry. The data were garnered from the researchers’ experiences and students’ interviews. The results of reflection revealed Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT). The strengths are flip classroom, flexibility for the teacher, motivation to write, writing practice, and interaction. The weaknesses are able to write a post after the deadline, unaltered topics in stage, unavailable notification of reply, a difficult operationalized website, and a short deadline. The opportunities are adding other countries from other continents, extending the collaboration into a full semester, and adding online chat on the website. The threats are less active participation from students and less active buddy.

It seems that many young children may not comprehend the word-reference relationship even though they can produce the words accurately. Since it happens, the children may face the situation known as over-generalization, under-generalization, and no-generalization. This study aims to get an in-depth understanding of over-generalization, under-generalization, and no-generalization on a child’s language acquisition. The method of research was a case study. The subject of research was a two-year-old child. Data of research were collected from the result of participant observation and documentation of speech transcription. Data analysis of this research covered data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The result shows that (1) over-generalization, under-generalization, and no-generalization occur when the subject aged 26 to 30 months; (2) at aged 32 months, those errors are finally revealed since the subject can manage his cognitive development and conceptualize his semantic-reference relationship for particular properties; and (3) this also proves that environment has a massive role to support and stimulate a child in acquiring and producing his language

This study aims to discover how undergraduate students conducted self-assessments of their learning process and outcomes, and how much doing self-assessment could contribute to the learning achievement. This research applied a qualitative method. The authors utilized interviews to collect data and wrote them down as the results of the analysis. Based on the results of the interviews, six students responded to the survey regarding conducting self-assessment in the learning process revealing that the benefit of doing self-assessment for students was that they could introspect themselves in the learning process, the self- assessment had significantly contributed to time management during the learning process. In addition, self-assessment could motivate students to improve their ability to learn from previous results. Students could also evaluate what had been done in the learning process. Evaluation results were also significant for students in conducting self-assessments. Hence, students understood the extent of their ability to learn, which was better or worse than before, in every problem during the study process.

Poetic diction has its own characteristic features and anyone engaged in translation of a poem should have a sufficient understanding. According to Leech (1969), what causes linguistic deviation in translating poetry is that the poet manipulates the general language rules in his poem as a means of creating artistic beauty. Since the form and the meaning in a poem are inseparable, a translator of a poem should do his best to transfer these two aspects as otherwise he/she produces some linguistic deviations in the translation. So far little attention has been paid to linguistic deviations in translation of English poems. This study is intended to investigate such matter by analyzing the linguistic deviations in the translations of the poem “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost. Ten students of sixth semester of English Education Department of Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya (UWKS) participated in the study. The result of the analysis showed that although the students have passed two obligatory subjects exams, Vocabulary and Structure, both lexical and grammatical deviations are still two most dominant compared to other aspects. Findings also suggest that the subject of Translation should be more intensified and include literary texts in its weekly meetings.

There are several types of activities carried out to improve student speaking skills in English, one of which is simulation. Simulations of speaking skills in learning English must also be tailored to the needs of PGSD students. This study aims to find out and describe the student needs of Primary School Teacher Education in English speaking skills using simulation. Data obtained from questionnaires and interviews. The results of the analysis of learning needs obtained are that students need speaking skills fluently and communicatively in order to prepare them to meet their professional demands as an elementary school teacher later. Needs analysis data designed to reveal a) The current process of speaking English skills in the Muhammadiyah Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program, b) Student needs and difficulties in learning activities using simulation, c) Student needs and desires in speaking skills learning using simulation. Needs analysis reveals that (1) Learning activity activities needed by students are simulations (2) Student's difficulties in speaking skills in learning activities using the most dominant simulation is the lack of confidence and grammar, (3) Desired material in learning activities using simulation in the form of materials relating to elementary school material. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for preparing syllabi and developing teaching material.

There are two objectives of the study namely to investigate kind of apology strategies are used by students in University of Balikpapan and to investigate how age and social status affect their choice of apology strategies. The design of this study is descriptive qualitative. Instrument to collect the data was DCT task devised by Hasan in 2014. The data were analyzed and categorized by using theory of Trosborg and Aijmer compiled by Firiani & Lestari in Fitriani (2012). Findings have shown that an overwhelming majority of the apologies were combinations rather than single type. The most often used combined strategies by students in University of Balikpapan were ‘explicitly apologizing + acknowledging responsibility + offering redress’. Moreover, it can be inferred that age and social status affected participants’ choice of apology strategies since the result of this study showed that they had different combined apology strategies based on older, younger, same age and higher, lower, equal social status.

Nature is deeply powerful that it can give either bad or good influence toward human’s life. In this paper, the influence of nature toward the emotion of Usher’s friend as one of the characters in the story ‘The Fall of The House of Usher’ by Edgar Allan Poe is discussed. The main aim of this paper is to disclose how nature around the house or the environment is represented in the story and how its presence affect human’s emotion in the lens of ecocriticism. As for the methodology used in this research is qualitative-descriptive method in which the researcher read the story and some related references to gain deeper comprehension, after that critically analyze the story based on the theory of ecocriticism. From this analysis, the writer finds out the ecological imbalance in the environment of Usher’s house which is marked by the dead trees, dead lake, and poor quality of air. While the inner side of his house is just as bad. It is deeply dark and unkempt, making a lot of germs live in. Such thing indeed spreads bad influence to the emotion of Usher’s friend as the visitor in the house.