Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is an extremly rare case. It is an aggressive maglinancy. ARM is difficult to diagnose because of its non specific symptoms. The clincal sign is retal bleeding, tenesmus, an anorectal lump and change in bowel habits and it is like another diseases, for example hemorrhoid, anorectal polypoid and cancer…Diagnose this disease based on clinical, endoscopic and MRI examination and especially biopsy. We present a case of male 79 year-old in Viettiep hospital with perineal pain and rectal bleeding. He was admitted and diagnosed ARM by MRI and Endoscopy and postoperative histopathology. The patient was undergone surgery. The result of Histo-pathology is ARM. We emphasize the role of MRI in diagnosis and evaluation stage of disease that can help for treatment. The hypo or mixed intense on T2, hyperintense on T1, hyperintense in Diff and low in ADC, hyperenhencment after gadolinium injection are factors for positive and differential diagnose between other anorectal tumors. In conclusion, ARM is a rare lesion but it can be suggested for diagnose with MRI so we suggest that MRI should be examination for diagnostic and treatment purpose.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global crisis and has increasingly complicated the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In Vietnam, several studies have documented alarming resistance levels among key respiratory pathogens, but multi-year data from tertiary hospitals remain limited. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study at Hai Phong International Hospital, Vietnam, analyzing 1,418 inpatients with CAP from 2020 to 2024. Eligible patients had received at least one antibiotic, stayed ≥24 hours, and had available clinical, laboratory, and microbiology data. Data were extracted from electronic medical records and the microbiology database. Bacterial isolates were identified, and antimicrobial susceptibility was interpreted according to CLSI/EUCAST standards. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on symptom resolution, biomarker changes (WBC, CRP), and discharge status. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and multinomial logistic regression. Results: The cohort was predominantly elderly (≥60 years, 76.0%) and male (53.1%), with hypertension (53.3%) and diabetes (37.8%) as the most common comorbidities. Positive bacterial cultures were obtained in 22.6% of cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (19.3%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.3%) were the leading pathogens, while Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.0%) and Haemophilus influenzae (6.9%) were less frequent. Resistance was widespread: E. coli showed 100% resistance to ampicillin and >85% resistance to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin; Klebsiella spp. exhibited >55% resistance to multiple agents; P. aeruginosa showed >50% resistance to fluoroquinolones and carbapenems; and A. baumannii demonstrated >85% resistance to nearly all tested drugs. Among Gram-positive isolates, S. pneumoniae displayed high resistance to erythromycin (93.3%) and clindamycin (93.8%) but preserved full susceptibility to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: CAP patients at Hai Phong International Hospital demonstrated a predominance of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens and very high resistance among S. pneumoniae to macrolides. These findings highlight the urgent need for locally tailored empirical therapy, robust antimicrobial stewardship, and continuous surveillance to mitigate the growing AMR burden in Vietnam.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system that results in a wide range of clinical manifestations including sexual dysfunction (SD) and impaired sexual health. The aim of this study was to assess the validity, reliability, and factor structure of the MS Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-15 (MSISQ-15) in Croatian-speaking patients. Methods: Participants were 90 patients with MS participated in the study, including 50 women and 40 men (44 ± 13 years). The MSISQ-15 was utilized as the instrument, with its Croatian version developed using the forward-backward translation. Descriptive analysis was performed on the data. Reliability was assessed through Cronbach’s α and test–retest analysis. Pearson’s correlation was examining the relationship between the total scale and the SD subscales. Construct validity was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis. Results: The mean for the total scale and its primary, secondary, and tertiary SD subscales were 33.39 ± 12.06, 12.05 ± 5.36, 11.22 ± 4.51, and 10.12 ± 5.39, respectively. The total scale demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.94). Each SD subscale exhibited high internal consistency (α = 0.84-0.92). The intra-class correlation for the SD subscales and the total scale was between 0.95 and 0.97. There was a strong relationship between the total scale and the SD subscales (r = 0.76-0.93). Bartlett’s test of sphericity indicated a high and significant correlation (χ2 = 939.94, p < 0.001). The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure is 0.87. The factors extracted accounted for 65.90% of the total variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.61 to 0.84. Conclusion: The Croatian MSISQ-15 version has demonstrated validity, reliability, and factor structure in assessing health-related quality of life in Croatian-speaking patients.

Objectives: The objective was to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of pediatric pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae in the Respiratory Department at Hai Phong International Obstetrics and Paediatrics Hospital. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 192 children aged 2 months to under 15 years, hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia and PCR-confirmed M. pneumoniae infection from July to December 2024. Results: The mean age was 43.57 ± 29.54 months. The majority of cases (highest incidence) were in children aged 1 month to under 3 years. Most patients (69.8%) experienced symptoms for 7 days prior to admission, with an average duration of illness of 8.2 ± 8.5 days. Nearly all children presented with productive cough, and moderate to high fever was common. Wheezing was frequently noted, while extrapulmonary symptoms were rare. Age-appropriate tachypnea was observed in 93.8% of cases. Pulmonary rales were a prominent clinical finding. Chest indrawing was seen in only 4.2% of cases, and pleural effusion occurred in just one patient. Conclusion: These findings underscore the typical respiratory presentation of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children in Haiphong city, with relatively mild extrapulmonary involvement.

Objectives: To review surgical outcomes of bile duct stone treatment combined with laser lithotripsy. Methods: Prospective study, clinical intervention on 28 patients undergoing surgery for cholangiolithiasis combined with laser lithiotripsy in the treatment of gallstones from June 2023 to April 2025 at Hai Phong Medical University Hospital. Results: Through the study on 28 patients, we recorded the following results: The average age was 52.32 ± 9,9 (31 - 76) Female accounted for the majority 57.14%. The average surgery time was 98.18 ± 21,1 minutes. The average hospital stay was 11.93 ± 2.71 days. Complications encountered 6 patients (21.43%), and bile leakage accounted for the majority of 2 patients (7.14%). Evaluation of treatment results: Good 22 patients (78.57%). Conclusion: Surgery combined with laser biliary lithotripsy is an effective method, with fast lithotripsy and surgery time.

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiency is prevalent among adolescents in India. To promote the consumption of foods rich in micronutrients, it is essential to understand knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) related to micronutrients. Limited evidence is available on the KAP regarding micronutrient intake among adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to assess KAP related to micronutrients among adolescents. Methods: The study sample comprised 182 adolescent girls enrolled in grades 8-12 at a private school. Socioeconomic status and KAP were assessed by the revised Kuppuswamy’s scale, 2023, and a pre-validated questionnaire, respectively. Results: All participants had poor knowledge, while over half (56.3%) exhibited a moderate attitude, whereas the majority of the participants had poor practice (85.6%) toward micronutrients. The mean KAP scores were 3.21 ± 3.39, 43.93 ± 8.77, and 127.53 ± 38.94, respectively. The highest correct response was ‘The optimal time to obtain Vitamin D from Sun Exposure’ (43.1%), followed by ’The normal level of hemoglobin’ (34.3%). More than fifty percent of the participants (56.9%) believed that it is good to consume a variety of foods every day. About practice items, the consumption of food items rich in micronutrients was lower among participants.Conclusion: The knowledge and practices related to micronutrients were very limited among adolescent girls. Interventions are necessary to enhance awareness of the health benefits associated with adequate micronutrient intake. This work contributes critical baseline data that can guide the development of health policies aimed at improving outcomesfor this vulnerable population group.

Adolescents are vulnerable to various health risks, including HIV/AIDS. Kubu Raya Regency had a significant increase in HIV/AIDS cases, highlighting the need for health education. This study analyzes the effect of audiovisual education about HIV-AIDS on the HIV/AIDS knowledge in Senior High School 1 Rasau Jaya students. It was a pre-experiment with a one-group pre-test and a post-test design without using a control group. The population was 488 students of the 11th and 12th grades of Senior High School 1 Rasau Jaya, with a sample size of 60 students. Data collection was conducted offline by providing audiovisual education about HIV/AIDS and distributing questionnaires. The instrument for knowledge of HIV/AIDS used the 18-item HIV Knowledge Questionnaire (HIV-KQ-18). Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The respondents were 15-19 years old, male (63.3%), and 12th grade (51.7%). They had been exposed to information about HIV/AIDS (86.7%), the most common source of information being the internet (60.7%). The median pre-test knowledge score was 50.00, increasing to 77.70 in the post-test. The Wilcoxon test resulted in p=0.000 (p<0.05), indicating a difference in HIV/AIDS knowledge before and after audiovisual education about HIV/AIDS in students. Therefore, there was a significant effect of audiovisual education about HIV/AIDS on HIV/AIDS knowledge in students. In conclusion, Audiovisual education about HIV/AIDS affects HIV/AIDS knowledge in Senior High School 1 Rasau Jaya students. These findings underscore the importance of innovative educational approaches, like audiovisual media, in enhancing adolescents' understanding of HIV/AIDS.

Adequate nutrition is essential for health, physical performance, and injury prevention in physically active individuals. However, restrictive diets and the indiscriminate use of supplements, often without professional guidance, can compromise these benefits. This study aimed to analyze the eating habits, macronutrient intake, and body composition of individuals practicing different types of physical exercise, as well as sedentary individuals. It is a cross-sectional study involving 50 individuals, aged 18 to 59 years, divided into five groups: sedentary, strength training, endurance, functional training, and team sports. Data collection included online questionnaires on health, diet, and physical activity, anthropometric assessment following the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocols, and 24-hour dietary recalls analyzed using the DietPro software. The results showed significant differences between sexes regarding body composition, with men having more muscle mass and lower body fat percentage. The average carbohydrate intake was 3 g/kg/day, lower than the recommended levels for moderate to intense physical activity. The strength training group had the highest protein intake (1.4 g/kg/day), while saturated fat intake was high across all groups. A negative correlation was found between carbohydrate and protein intake and body fat percentage, indicating that higher consumption of these macronutrients is associated with lower body fat. It is concluded that the participants’ nutritional intake was inadequate, particularly concerning carbohydrates, which may impair both physical performance and overall health. Keywords: Nutrients. Sports. Body Composition. Food Intake. Resumo Uma alimentação equilibrada é fundamental para a saúde, desempenho físico e prevenção de lesões em pessoas ativas. No entanto, dietas restritivas e o uso de suplementos sem orientação adequada podem comprometer esses benefícios. Este estudo transversal analisou os hábitos alimentares, ingestão de macronutrientes e composição corporal de 50 indivíduos, entre 18 e 59 anos, divididos em cinco grupos: sedentários, praticantes de treino de força, resistência, funcional e esportes coletivos. A coleta de dados incluiu questionários sobre saúde, alimentação e prática de exercícios, avaliação antropométrica conforme os protocolos da ISAK e aplicação de recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas, analisados pelo software DietPro. Os resultados apontaram diferenças significativas entre os sexos na composição corporal, sendo os homens os que apresentaram maior massa muscular e menor percentual de gordura. A ingestão média de carboidratos foi de 3 g/kg/dia, abaixo das recomendações para atividades físicas moderadas a intensas. O grupo de força apresentou o maior consumo proteico (1,4 g/kg/dia). Em contrapartida, o consumo de gordura saturada foi elevado em todos os grupos. Observou-se correlação negativa entre a ingestão de carboidratos e proteínas com o percentual de gordura corporal, indicando que maior consumo desses macronutrientes está associado a menor gordura corporal. Conclui-se que a ingestão nutricional dos participantes foi inadequada, especialmente no que se refere aos carboidratos, o que pode comprometer tanto a saúde quanto o rendimento físico dos praticantes de atividade física. Palavras-chave: Nutrientes. Esportes. Composição Corporal. Ingestão Alimentar

Trismus is a condition characterized by limited mouth opening and frequently affects patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). It can arise as a consequence of surgery, radiotherapy or tumor progression itself. This complication has an impact on patients' quality of life, making the role of physiotherapy essential in its management through specific therapeutic interventions.This study aimed to verify the therapeutic role and benefits of physiotherapy treatments in the prevention and rehabilitation of trismus in patients with HNC. This was a narrative literature review using the PubMed, SciELO and VHL databases. The search was carried out using the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH) related to the topic, with no restrictions on the period of publication or language. After applying the established criteria, a total of 34 papers were included. Physiotherapy has a prominent role in the management of trismus in patients with CCP, as it promotes increased mouth opening, pain reduction, and functional and psychosocial improvement. Physiotherapeutic approaches include mandibular mobilization exercises, muscle stretching, manual therapy techniques, photobiomodulation, Therabite and ultrasound, which should be started early to maximize therapeutic results. It can be concluded that physiotherapy plays an important role in the management of trismus, improving oral amplitude and the quality of life of patients with CCP. Keywords: Trismus. Physical Therapy Modalites. Head and Neck Neoplasms. Therapeutics. Exercise Therapy. Resumo O trismo é uma condição caracterizada pela limitação da abertura bucal e frequentemente acomete pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP). Pode surgir como consequência da cirurgia, radioterapia ou da própria progressão tumoral. Essa complicação impacta na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, tornando essencial o papel da fisioterapia no seu manejo através de intervenções terapêuticas específicas. Este estudo objetivou verificar sua atuação terapêutica e os benefícios dos tratamentos fisioterapêuticos na prevenção e na reabilitação do trismo em pacientes com CCP. Tratou-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura e foram utilizados os bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO e BVS. A pesquisa foi realizada com o cruzamento dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS/MeSH) relacionados ao tema, sem restrição de período de publicação e de idioma. Após aplicação dos critérios estabelecidos, um total de 34 trabalhos foram incluídos. A fisioterapia possui um papel de destaque no manejo do trismo em pacientes com CCP, pois promove aumento da abertura bucal, redução da dor, e melhora funcional e psicossocial. As abordagens fisioterapêuticas incluem exercícios de mobilização mandibular, alongamento muscular, técnicas de terapia manual, fotobiomodulação, Therabite e ultrassom, que devem ser iniciadas precocemente para maximizar os resultados terapêuticos. Conclui-se que a fisioterapia possui um papel de destaque no gerenciamento do trismo, melhorando a amplitude bucal e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com CCP. Palavras-chave: Trismo. Modalidades da Fisioterapia. Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço. Terapêutica. Terapia por Exercício.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a high risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), increasing cardiovascular complications. The Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index is a simple marker of insulin resistance, but its utility in predicting MetS in Vietnamese PCOS patients is underexplored. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 105 women diagnosed with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria) at Da Nang Hospital of Women and Children from September 2019 to June 2020. Clinical parameters, lipid profiles, glucose, and TyG index (calculated as ln[Triglycerides × Glucose/2]) were assessed. MetS was diagnosed following the IDF 2006 criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and MedCalc 12.5, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Mean TyG index was 8.98 ± 0.61. TyG was higher in women ≥35 years (9.16 ± 0.58 vs. 8.84 ± 0.61, p = 0.043), those with hypertension (9.41 ± 0.36 vs. 8.77 ± 0.59, p < 0.05), and those with MetS (9.73 ± 0.59 vs. 9.29 ± 0.47, p < 0.05). TyG predicted MetS with an AUC of 0.772, sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 64%, and cut-off >8.895, outperforming individual MetS components. Conclusion: The TyG index is a valuable, cost-effective tool for predicting MetS in Vietnamese women with PCOS, supporting early screening and intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk.