Introduction: the basic technique of drug preparation and administration, questioned between 1957 and 1976 regarding the syringe’s involvement with the touch of the fingers on the plunger, predisposes the risk of contamination of the aspirated drug, taking glass syringes as a reference. With the conversion of the glass hypodermic syringe to plastic (polypropylene), in early 1973, consolidated in Brazil since 1996, this practice continues to be technically questioned, given the risk of contamination of the aspirated drug. Objective: to evaluate the technical, microbiological and structural safety of hypodermic syringes provided during the drug aspiration technique. Methods: descriptive, experimental research, with a quantitative approach, carried out in laboratories of basic nursing techniques, microorganism biology and antimicrobials of the Federal University of Espírito Santo and the Clinical Engineering Service of a University Hospital. Results: 160 hypodermic syringes applied by experimental methods (visual test by gravitational leak, microbiological test and plunger pressure test) were evaluated, which did not show any changes related to contamination or leaks. Conclusion: the rubber fitting of the plunger of the tested syringes is a barrier against the penetration of liquids, microorganisms and air into the solution chamber. Involuntary handling or slipping of the fingers on the plunger rods does not cause contamination of the solutions contained inside the syringe.

Introduction: chest pain is the leading cause of hospitalization in emergency departments. The presence of care tools can promote the standardization of nursing activities and ensure safer and more effective care. Objective: to develop and validate a nursing care flowchart for the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome in emergency departments, aiming to standardize procedures and improve the quality of care. Method: this methodological study followed the following steps: integrative literature review, cross-mapping, flowchart development, focus group content assessment, and expert validation. Results: twenty-eight scientific articles were selected, and 38 clinical indicators were identified. After cross-mapping, these resulted in 17 interventions and 115 nursing activities. These activities were then developed into a nursing care flowchart , which was assessed by a focus group and validated by experts. Conclusion: the development of a nursing care flowchart is a viable, accessible, and necessary care technology to improve patient care for chest pain due to acute coronary syndrome, throughout all phases of emergency care.

Introduction: Binge eating disorders and behaviors (BEDB) are frequently associated with multiple comorbid conditions, including obesity, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases, which often result in significant functional impairment and impose a substantial health burden. Given the clinical and public health relevance of these associations, this study aimed to estimate the lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence of BEDB—encompassing bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and any binge eating disorders/behaviors (ABEDB)—while also examining their associations with chronic somatic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: The study utilized data from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey, a population-based study comprising a representative sample of 2,942 adult residents of the São Paulo metropolitan area. Diagnoses were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), administered via face-to-face interviews, to determine lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence rates of DSM-IV-defined BN, BED, and ABEDB. Additional data included demographics and anthropometric measures (weight, height) as well as self-reported chronic health conditions, such as autoimmune disorders, neck/back pain, headaches, other chronic pain, brain/cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes or glucose intolerance and gastrointestinal ulcer. Statistical analysis employed cross-tabulations to assess prevalence distributions by sociodemographic variables and comorbidity with chronic conditions and overweight, while bivariate analyses and Poisson’s regression models (STATA 17.0) evaluated associations, with significance set at p< 0.05. Results: The lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence estimates were, respectively, 2.0% (SE 0.3), 0.9% (SE 0.2), and 0.4% (SE 0.1) for BN; 4.7% (SE 0.3), 1.8% (SE 0.3), and 1.2% (SE 0.2) for BED; and 9.0% (SE 0.5), 3.4% (SE 0.4), and 2.0% (SE 0.3) for ABEDB. Women presented significantly higher BEDB rates, except for 12-month BN. Although prevalence was consistently higher among younger cohorts for all eating-related conditions, age-related differences reached statistical significance only for lifetime ABEDB. No significant differences emerged based on marital status, education, or income. Comorbidity analyses revealed that lifetime BN was most prevalent among individuals with gastrointestinal ulcers (8.2%, SE 2.8), headaches (3.5%, SE 0.6), neck/back pain (3.3%, SE 0.6), and hypertension (3.1%, SE 0.7). Lifetime BED showed elevated rates in those with chronic pulmonary disease (13.2%, SE 6.0), arthritis/rheumatism (10.0%, SE 2.1), gastrointestinal ulcers (9.2%, SE 2.6), neck/back pain (8.9%, SE 1.3), other chronic pain (7.7%, SE 1.2), and headaches (6.6%, SE 0.9). Similarly, lifetime ABEDB was most prevalent among respondents reporting gastrointestinal ulcers (18.1%, SE 3.1), neck/back pain (14.0%, SE 1.9), headaches (12.8%, SE 1.2), and other chronic pain (11.7%, SE 1.5). Conclusion: Binge eating disorders and behaviors are more prevalent among women and demonstrate high comorbidity with chronic health conditions, particularly gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and pain-related disorders. These findings highlight the need for integrated public health strategies and clinical interventions to address the dual burden of BEDBs and chronic somatic conditions, ensuring comprehensive care for affected individuals.

Introduction: there are many distinct mental disorders, with different presentations. They are generally characterized by a combination of abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotions, behavior, and relationships with others. Mental disorders include depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, substance abuse disorders, psychosis in general, dementia, and developmental disorders, including autism. Even so, it is one of the areas that receives the least attention and funding from public health. Around 1 billion people live with a mental disorder, 3 million people lose their lives every year due to harmful alcohol use, and one person dies every 40 seconds by suicide. Objective: to analyze mortality due to mental and behavioral disorders in Brazil from 2009 to 2019. Method: this is a cross-sectional, observational, ecological epidemiological study using official data from the Mortality Information System (MSS) and the Hospital Information System. Data were collected by place of occurrence and place of residence among patients in Brazil from 2009 to 2019. Hospital Admission Authorization Forms and Admission Notification Forms were included. The data source was the Death Certificate. Results: analyzing mortality due to mental and behavioral disorders between the sexes, it was noted that only male patients showed a reduction in the rate in all Brazilian regions, highlighting the Northeast ( β = -0.27, p = 0.001), Southeast ( β = -0.20, p = 0.003) and South ( β = -0.19, p = 0.023) regions, which showed significant reductions. When making a comparison in the studied series, both sexes showed a reduction, but only the male sex had a significant decline (male: β = -0.20, p = 0.001; female: β = -0.03, p = 0.146). Conclusion: mortality from mental and behavioral disorders revealed higher rates in 2011 (7,376), corresponding to a greater proportion of males (11.25), especially single individuals, in all regions of the Brazilian federation unit. Regarding the total analysis of deaths in the study series, there was an increase in mortality among females, with prevalence in the Northeast Region and in widowed marital status.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most prevalent cancers, often associated with factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Malnutrition is common among these patients, with many showing nutritional risk even before treatment begins. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with nutritional risk in patients with HNC. Methods: Patients with HNC from a referral cancer treatment hospital in Brazil were included in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather socioeconomic and clinical information, and anthropometric assessment was performed. Nutritional risk was screened using the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) and symptoms of nutritional impact were assessed through the "Head and Neck Symptoms Checklist." Binary logistic regression was used to quantify the influence of independent variables on the outcome, with a significance level of less than 5%. Results: Of the 132 study participants, 46.2% were at nutritional risk. Family income ≤ 2 minimum wages increased the chances of developing nutritional risk by 2.9 times (OR = 2.916; 95% CI = 1.017-8.359; p = 0.046). Additionally, each centimeter increase in calf circumference (CC) reduced the chances of being at nutritional risk by 24.9% (OR = 0.751; 95% CI = 0.646-0.873; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Individuals with lower income have higher chances of nutritional risk, while greater calf circumference contributes to a reduction in this risk, highlighting these factors as critical determinants of nutritional status in patients with HNC.

Introduction: the World Health Organization classifies Non-Communicable Diseases as the leading cause of global mortality, with 71% of deaths associated with malignant neoplasms. In 2020, approximately 19.3 million new cancer cases and 10 million cancer-related deaths were reported worldwide, with the Americas accounting for 20.9% of global incidence. In Brazil, the National Cancer Institute estimates 704,000 new cancer cases for the 2023-2025 period, with breast and prostate cancers representing 15% of the new cases each. Age over 50 years, genetic factors, family history, and others are risk factors for breast cancer. Objective: to evaluate the trend of incompleteness in the variables of the Hospital Cancer Registry for cases of malignant breast neoplasms across all hospitals in the Oncology Care Network of Espírito Santo. Methods: this is a retrospective time-series study using secondary data from the Tumor Registration Forms of the Hospital Cancer Registries of the Oncology Care Network of Espírito Santo between 2000 and 2020. Data incompleteness was classified as excellent (<5%), good (5%-10%), regular (10%-20%), poor (20%-50%), and very poor (>50%), based on the percentage of missing information. The Mann–Kendall test was used to assess temporal trends, and the Friedman test was applied to evaluate the quality classifications of the historical series. Results: a total of 16,587 breast cancer cases were recorded in the Hospital Cancer Registries of Espírito Santo between 2000 and 2020. The variables alcohol use (p<0.001), smoking (p<0.001), family history of cancer (p<0.001), and marital status (p<0.001) showed a statistically significant decreasing trend in incompleteness. On the other hand, variables related to diagnosis/treatment and tumor characteristics exhibited a lower trend of incompleteness over time, with an increase in completeness. These variables included the type of diagnostic exam performed (p=0.03), previous diagnoses and treatments (p=0.008), key diagnostic bases for the tumor (p<0.001), tumor laterality (p=0.008), and presence of more than one primary tumor (p=0.01). Conclusion: the scores for the epidemiological variables in the Hospital Cancer Registries of women with breast cancer in Espírito Santo were predominantly classified as “excellent” in terms of completeness. However, clinically important variables, such as Tumor, Node, Metastasis staging, showed a decline in completeness throughout most of the historical series.

Introduction: abdominal obesity and dynapenia negatively affect life and increase disability in hemodialysis patients, while leisure activities can bring benefits.Objective: to evaluate the association between leisure activities and abdominal obesity and dynapenia in individuals on hemodialysis. Methods: a cross-sectional epidemiological census of 1,021 hemodialysis patients from all hemodialysis units in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Dynapenia was assessed by handgrip strength and abdominal obesity by the conicity index. Leisure was measured using the Leisure Practices Scale. Differences in proportions between independent variables and the outcome were tested by chi-square tests and variables with p<0.05 were used in Binomial Logistic Regression. Results: high engagement in manual leisure activities protects older people (OR=0.46; 95%CI=0.27 - 0.92) from dynapenic abdominal obesity. In adults, involvement in virtual leisure activities, whether low (OR=2.09; 95%CI= 1.17 - 3.75), medium (OR=2.83; 95%CI= 1.54 - 5.19) or high (OR: 2.64; 95%CI= 1.49 - 4.68) increased the chances of presenting dynapenic abdominal obesity. Conclusion: leisure activities are associated with dynapenic abdominal obesity in both the elderly and adults. Activities that favor sedentary behavior increase the chances of adult individuals on hemodialysis presenting OAD, while high engagement in activities that require some physical effort for older people acts as a protective factor.

Introduction: obesity is an important public health problem worldwide. It is believed that obese candidates for bariatric surgery present cardiac autonomic dysfunction and that weight reduction achieved through surgical treatment of obesity may promote improvement in autonomic nervous system activity, minimizing cardiovascular risks. Objective: thus, the objective of this study is to assess the impact of surgical bariatric weight reduction on HRV and on anthropometric measurements (BMI, WHtR, and WC) comparing obesity classes II and III. Method: the study included 25 obese individuals who underwent a preoperative assessment. Anthropometric measurements and heart rate varability (HRV) were collected preoperatively. The participants were then divided into two groups: obesity class II and obesity class III (class II: BMI from 35 to 39 k/m2, and class III: BMI from > 40 kg/m2). Thirty days after surgery, a postoperative assessment was performed and the data were compared. Results: our results confirm that both class II and III obesity groups presented altered HRV preoperatively and that the participants in the obesity II group showed a statistically significant increase in the HRV index when compared to the obesity III group, through the mean RR, PNN50, SNS, and stress index. Conclusion: the findings confirmed the important contribution that bariatric surgery makes to improving metabolic health and lowering important obesity indices. The varying alterations in heart rate variability indicate subtle advantages concerning autonomic function, especially for individuals classified as obese II

Introduction: studies that seek to identify and outline the vulnerability profile contribute to directing necessary interventions to be carried out in people with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV (acronym in English for human immunodeficiency virus) co-infection, to achieve the end of TB. Objective: to describe the profile of people with tuberculosis and HIV co-infection, from 2016 to 2018, in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: this is a cross-sectional descriptive study, using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) for TB and HIV, through a methodological process of database preparation and descriptive data analysis, the information was encoded and stored anonymously in a database in Excel for Windows®; Afterwards, the STATA statistical package, version 16 (Stata Corp LP, College Station, TX, USA) was used to carry out descriptive analyses with identification of relative and absolute values, and tables were generated for data analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (CEP/CCS/UFES) under opinion number 4022892 on 05/12/2020. Results: of a total of 4,428 cases, 325 cases were TB-HIV co-infection, 322 cases were located in the SINAN-TB database and three cases were located after linking with the SINAN-HIV database that presented a record of negative results for the diagnostic test of HIV in the SINAN-TB database. There was a profile with a predominance of men (71%), young people (20 to 39 years old) (52%), mixed race (59%), up to 8 years of schooling (25%), of which 29% reported alcohol consumption, 26% used illicit drugs, and 37% were smokers, who had the pulmonary form of the disease (66%), they reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy (65%) and only 44% had a cure outcome at closure and 20% stopped treatment; the majority of cases (61%) did not undergo directly observed treatment and only 6.9% of cases reported receiving assistance from the government’s income transfer program. Conclusion: in order to ensure greater coverage of tuberculosis control in PLHIV patients, it is necessary to expand the dialogue between health and social support policies; enable access to health services such as antiretroviral treatment for all people diagnosed with HIV, and timely directly observed treatment (DOT) for people who present this vulnerability profile. Carrying out new studies is essential to contribute to technological advancement and planning in health service actions.

Introduction: Chagas disease (CD) is an infectious condition caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, primarily transmitted by vectors. Understanding the diversity of these vectors in a region is crucial for disease prophylaxis, with vector control being the main measure to reduce its incidence. Therefore, it is essential to enhance knowledge about triatomines to guide prevention and promotion actions, with active community participation. Objective: to describe residents’ knowledge about Chagas disease and its vectors in a municipality in the Western Amazon of Brazil. Methods: the data was collected by means of an interview with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire containing objective and subjective questions to residents over 18 years of age in the urban area of the municipality of Guajará - AM in their homes. Results: out of 400 participants, 75% reported having heard of Triatomines. 65.38% of those who encountered a suspected insect in their home or surroundings claimed to have killed it and most could not indicate where the insect should be taken (91.25%). Only 40.25% correctly identified the triatomines, with Rhodnius montenegrensis (22.75%) being the most chosen. Most were unaware of signs/symptoms (70.25%), transmission routes (52.75%), and preventive measures (62.5%) related to CD. Regarding dietary habits: 93% consumed açaí (Euterpe olerácea), 88.75% buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), 65.5% sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), 50.5% bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba), 50.25% patoá (Oenocarpus bataua), and 75.75% game meat. Conclusion: the research revealed several knowledge gaps on the topic, emphasizing the need to intensify health education actions.