This study aims to explore the potential of industrial symbiosis (IS) to advance circular material use, with a particular focus on the valorisation of biomass ash in the construction industry. Positioned at the intersection of sustainability and innovation management, IS is analysed as both an environmental strategy and a systemic innovation process that enables cross-sectoral resource efficiency. Despite the significant quantities of biomass combustion residues generated across Europe, most are still landfilled, even though their chemical composition makes them suitable as supplementary cementitious materials. To address this gap, this research combines bibliometric analysis, an extensive literature review, and a conceptual case study. The bibliometric analysis of 403 Scopus-indexed publications reveals that while biomass ash research has grown substantially since 2006, its integration into IS networks remains limited. The literature review further identifies dominant research themes, i.e., cementitious applications, combustion processes, and environmental impacts, while highlighting the underrepresentation of governance, business models, and IS frameworks in biomass ash studies. A conceptual case study was conducted in Liepaja, Latvia, a regional hub for the renewable energy and construction industries. The study assesses spatial proximity, interorganizational coordination, and digital matchmaking as enablers of resource exchange. From a management perspective, this research underscores the importance of stakeholder engagement, adaptive governance, and innovation ecosystems in supporting the transition from waste to value. The originality of this study is reflected in its integration of fragmented biomass ash research with IS theory and its contribution to innovation management by framing IS as a collaborative and systemic innovation. The findings demonstrate that IS can drive industrial transformation by aligning environmental objectives with business strategies and regional sustainable development goals.

Ensuring sustainable development under conditions of rising geopolitical and energy-related risks requires a strategic reconsideration of how national energy systems are developed and governed. For Ukraine, which faces structural vulnerabilities and external shocks, the development of a modern and resilient energy infrastructure management model is crucial. The purpose of this study is to provide an integrated evaluation of Ukraine’s energy infrastructure development from the perspective of energy resilience and to identify the managerial and innovation-oriented principles that shape the country’s ongoing energy transformation. The analysis is based on statistical data from the World Bank and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine over twenty years. Descriptive statistics are used to examine long-term trends in renewable energy development, energy dependence, carbon emissions, and energy intensity. Correlation analysis is applied to reveal structural interrelations within the energy system. A methodological approach for assessing integrated energy resilience is developed by incorporating weighting coefficients for key indicators. Forecasting of temporal trends and regression analysis are used to identify the main determinants of system behaviour. Strategic conditions for energy infrastructure development are systematically analysed through political, economic, social, and technological assessments. The findings demonstrate that the expansion of renewable energy sources has become a core managerial mechanism for strengthening the stability of Ukraine’s energy system. The integrated sustainability indicator shows a gradual upwards trajectory, with a pronounced improvement following the rapid increase in renewable energy capacity during the most recent phase of sectoral modernisation. The regression results confirm that an increasing share of alternative and nuclear energy, together with higher consumption of energy from renewable sources, is associated with lower energy intensity and reduced carbon emissions. These relationships indicate that managerial decisions in investment planning, regulatory policy, and technological upgrading directly influence the behavioural dynamics and structural adaptation of the national energy system. The analysis reveals that the resilience of Ukraine’s energy infrastructure is shaped primarily by managerial approaches grounded in innovation. The modernisation of regulatory mechanisms, the creation of incentives for clean energy investment, the strengthening of international technical partnerships, and the introduction of digital monitoring tools represents key drivers of systemic transformation. The combination of strategic analysis and quantitative assessment enabled the identification of critical leverage points through which managerial interventions can accelerate the transition toward a sustainable energy model. The innovation-oriented perspective highlights the importance of integrating technological solutions, strategic foresight, and adaptive governance in shaping the long-term resilience of the energy system.

The objective of this paper is to explore the effects of herding and anchoring effects, two behavioural economics concepts, on perceived source credibility, which is commonly utilized in marketing research. These cognitive shortcuts that shape consumers’ decisions reduce their perceived risk or help them make decisions under uncertainty. The literature contains a limited amount of research on the topic that addresses source credibility in terms of behavioural economics. Within this framework, the study is anticipated to enhance the body of literature through its chosen topic and methodology. When reviewing research undertaken within the marketing domain, the experimental design method has been used in very few studies. In this context, in the experimental designs created within the scope of the study, various scenarios were designed on the basis of follower number (high/low) to evaluate the impact of herd behaviour on the credibility of the source and on the substance of news about the influencer (positive/negative) to measure the anchoring effect. After the participants were shown one of the scenarios, they were given questionnaires with statements about source credibility to answer, and how the perception of source credibility differs according to herd behaviour and the anchoring effect was investigated. Instagram influencers were used in the experimental designs created in the study because Instagram application is increasingly preferred over other social media platforms, is more effective in terms of marketing communication, is increasingly included in the marketing strategies of businesses and is preferred by the young population. Within the framework of this research, data were gathered via an online survey administered to a total of 727 students enrolled in various departments across universities in Turkey. These data were subjected to one-way ANOVA via the SPSS program. Research findings indicate that herding behaviour significantly affects the perceptions of the source credibility, expertise, and attractiveness of social media influencers. Furthermore, anchoring significantly affects the source credibility perceptions and expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness subdimensions. However, in scenarios where the number of followers and anchors are identical, a statistically significant difference was not found in the perception of source credibility in relation to the gender of the influencer.

This article shows the impact of the war on small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine during the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, which started on February 24, 2022, and ended in September 2023. The object of the study is small and medium-sized enterprises that carry out business activities in Ukraine during a full-scale invasion. The research objective is to determine the business strategies and Internet marketing strategies used by small and medium-sized enterprises after full-scale invasion. The purpose of this study is to identify the most effective Internet marketing strategies and Internet marketing tools that helped small and medium-sized businesses survive the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation and continue to grow. The study was conducted through in-depth interviews with representatives of small and medium-sized businesses from different regions of Ukraine and from different fields of activity. Based on the categorical analysis of the responses, three periods of enterprise survival were summarized according to the chronology of military and political events in the country. The relevant Internet marketing strategies of small and medium-sized enterprises are identified. Business strategies and Internet marketing strategies that helped small and medium-sized enterprises increase their pre-war economic performance are also highlighted. Certain reasons for the deep crisis of small and medium-sized enterprises are outlined. The intensity and effectiveness of the use of Internet marketing tools by small and medium-sized businesses after a full-scale invasion are determined. The peculiarity of the results is the study of Internet marketing strategies and successful business strategies of small and medium-sized enterprises during the war. The scientific novelty of thisstudy is that it classifies the periods of survival and growth of small and medium-sized enterprises and identifies the most effective Internet marketing strategies for these periods. The efficiency and intensity of using Internet marketing tools were also systematized. The results obtained in the study will help small and medium-sized enterprises overcome crisis conditions and identify areas for the effective use of digital marketing. The findings are of practical value for small and medium-sized enterprises in other countries where there is a possibility of armed conflict.

This study examines the relationship between talent management (TM) attention and the performance of leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies. Using Google Trends data, TM attention is quantified through search queries related to talent acquisition, employee development, and workforce planning, while additional corporate metrics, such as HR performance reports and employee retention rates, are incorporated to increase the robustness of the analysis. AI company performance is measured via the stock returns of Microsoft, Google, Amazon, and NVIDIA, which represent key players in the AI sector. A nonparametric causality-in-quantiles test is applied to capture the asymmetric and heterogeneous effects of TM attention on stock returns across different market conditions, ranging from bearish to bullish scenarios. The results reveal significant causality from TM attention to AI stock performance under bearish and normal market conditions, emphasizing the importance of TM strategies during periods of market stress or stability. In contrast, TM attention exerts limited influence during bullish conditions, where performance is likely driven by other factors, such as market sentiment and technological advancements. A facet-specific analysis highlights that talent acquisition consistently influences stock performance across all market conditions, whereas employee development has a significant effect only during bearish and normal conditions. Workforce planning has limited causal influence, suggesting that its market impact depends on company-specific factors and contextual dynamics. This study makes important contributions to theory and practice by offering a nuanced understanding of TM’s role in shaping organisational performance within the dynamic AI landscape. For companies, prioritizing effective TM strategies, particularly talent acquisition and employee development, can enhance resilience and competitiveness. Investors can leverage TM insights to refine portfolio strategies, whereas policymakers are encouraged to implement initiatives such as grants for workforce training or public‒private partnerships to foster talent pipelines in the AI sector. These findings underscore the critical interplay between TM practices and market performance, providing actionable insights for navigating the complexities of the rapidly evolving AI industry.

This study aimed to demonstrate the impact of digital marketing and evaluate the level of use through its strategies of search engine optimisation, search engine marketing, marketing content creation, social media marketing, mobile marketing, and email marketing on the market share of five-star hotels in Jordan. The current study focuses on the importance of digital marketing in the tourism industry. Both current and potential tourists depend on digital communication tools to obtain information about services, products, promotions and other related details online. Digital marketing allows for personalised communications and offers, but it is necessary to understand its types and value in tourism activities. As the industry becomes more complex and competitive, traditional marketing methods may no longer be sufficient. Therefore, tourism companies rely heavily on information and communications technology and work with global digital networks to distribute and sell their products. Effective digital marketing strategies are essential for increasing online exposure and attracting potential customers. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical field approach to collect data from the study sample of marketing managers, reservations and sales managers, and other participants in the marketing process. Moreover, the population consisted of all leadership and supervisory positions in twenty-one five-star hotels in Jordan, withapproximately 500 employees. The sample selected was 222 employees. The author also used the PLS‒SEM technique to analyse the data. This finding revealed that dimensions such as email marketing have a significant and positive effect on the market share of five-star hotels in Jordan. Similarly, mobile marketing, search engine marketing and social media marketing also have significant positive effects on the market share of the hotels studied. On the other hand, the results did not show that marketing content creation and search engine optimisation had no noticeable effect on market share. Furthermore, more studies on search engine optimisationand the creation and promotion of attractive marketing content are recommended, given the inability of the current study to prove its impact on market share. It also recommends that hotels strengthen their digital strategy to keep pace with rapid developments and the strength of competition across networks.

The current article reviews the opinions and counterarguments within the scientific argument on the causal linkage between the components of marketing strategy and client loyalty.The systematization of the literary sources demonstrated that the causal connections from the components of marketing strategy to client loyalty are different.However, nearly none of the research projects have rated and compared the differences among the components of marketing strategies in improving client loyalty.Therefore, the key purpose of this article is to weigh the relative importance of the components of marketing strategy to client loyalty.The current research developed research hypotheses based on experiential learning theory, resource dependency theory, and social exchange theory.Vietnam was chosen as a case study because it is one of the fastest emerging economies.The research data were gathered by employing a structured questionnaire.For this research, responses from 210 enterprises were collected using the simple random sampling method from 1128 firms publicly listed on the main stock exchanges in Vietnam.Finally, this research yielded 222 suitable replies with satisfactory compulsory information.Then, this project employed the procedures of the analytic hierarchy to assess the comparative importance of the components of Product, Price, Place and Promotion of marketing strategy to client loyalty.The results show that Price strategy is first, Pricing is second, Sales promotion is third, Advertising is fourth, Allowances is fifth, Discounts is sixth, Public relations is seventh, Channels is eighth, Direct marketing is ninth, Payment terms are tenth, Features are eleventh, Quality is twelfth, Market coverage is thirteenth, Assortment is fourteenth, Branding is fifteenth, Packaging is sixteenth, Location is seventeenth, Inventory is eighteenth, Sercies is nineteenth, Warranties is twentieth, and Transport is the last in improving client loyalty.This research is expected to provide researchers with a better understanding of the comparative significance among the components of marketing strategy for client loyalty.The results of the current research can also support business executives by helping them make better decisions on suitably planning the components of Product, Price, Place and Promotion of marketing strategy in business so that they can gain the best possible efficiency.

Dual quality is a situation when a company places its products on international markets under the same brand and in identical or very similar packaging but with different composition or different quality. This has the greatest impact on the satisfaction of consumers, who may feel inferior if they receive lower quality than abroad. Several comparative tests were carried out in Europe, which showed that dual quality exists in the EU, although it was not confirmed that there were always better products in Western Europe. Testing bodies, national politicians, the European Commission, manufacturers and distributors, and consumers abroad also commented on the topic. Several countries conducted research on consumer opinions on dual quality, but similar research was lacking in Slovakia. For a long time, there was also a lack of a solution to this situation, as manufacturers defended themselves by saying that they were only fulfilling the demands of consumers. The main aim of this paper is to examine consumers’ opinions on dual product quality and to identify a solution to this problem that meets their requirements. The analysis of the opinions of consumers in the Slovak Republic was based on the results of primary research conducted on a sample of 987 respondents. The general methodology established by the European Union served as a guideline for formulating proposals for solving the problem of dual quality of goods in the EU, which was adapted to the conditions of the Slovak Republic in accordance with the opinions of Slovak consumers. The main proposal is the establishment of the Slovak Trade Inspection (STI) as the main body responsible for solving the issue of dual quality in Slovakia. STI is supposed to be responsible for receiving and processing suggestions in case of suspicion of dual quality, coordination in ensuring product testing and communication with brand owners. Another important proposal is the intensification of communication with brand owners and the creation of more space for their expression in the event that dual quality offered by them is discovered. As part of testing the use of dual quality as an unfair practice, the prices of the affected products in individual countries should also be investigated.

The war in Ukraine became a test for many foreign companies from the point of view of implementing the principles of corporate social responsibility, which they had previously declared. This especially affected international businesses, including Polish companies, that actively worked on the Russian and Ukrainian markets, whose economic interests for many years related to cooperation with Russian partners and the sale of Russian goods on the market of Ukraine. This article is devoted to the issue of corporate social responsibility of businesses in the context of Russian military aggression in Ukraine. The main objective of the presented paper was to identify and clarify the role of corporate social responsibility and business attitudes towards corporate social responsibility and its impact on decisions on possible cooperation in times of war. In addition, the specific objective was to identify the effects of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine on business activities conducted by Polish entrepreneurs, considering their attitudes towards corporate social responsibility principles. This goal was achieved through an analysis of the literature on the subject and in-depth interviews conducted with a sample of 100 Polish entrepreneurs. The results indicated that Polish entrepreneurs felt significant negative consequences of the conflict. After Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, most surveyed companies suspended (47,1%) or ended cooperation (43.1%) with Russian partners or exported products to Russia. Contrary to expectations, only some companies (18.4%) cited corporate social responsibility values among the reasons for this decision. It was also shown that there was no relationship between corporate social responsibility involvement and the declared ratings of companies remaining in Russia. In addition, companies reporting to suspend their activities during the conflict are considering a return to earlier cooperation in the future.