Abstract The private sector plays crucial role in achieving the climate goals of the Paris Agreement. It is not surprising that in recent years, academic interest at the interface of climate change and management accelerated. Many researchers are working on understanding important relationships between corporate carbon performance and corporate governance factors, as well as linkages between carbon and financial performance. Understanding the determinants and consequences of corporate climate action is highly relevant, especially in times where corporate sustainability is increasingly under scrutiny. Reliable scientific results require robust and consistent underlying data and metrics for measurement. Corporate carbon performance data is required which is comparable, meaningful and clearly defined. Based on a comprehensive systematic literature review, this study sets out to explore the evolution and application of corporate carbon performance metrics over time used in empirical management research. The in-depth analysis discusses the current application of various metrics and their different characteristics, such as emission scopes, types of greenhouse gases covered, and the metrics themselves. Moreover, the underlying data sources from third party providers are critically examined. Based on the findings, future research avenues and recommendations for standardizing carbon performance metrics used in academia are presented, aiming to improve the comparability of study results amongst researchers when working with corporate Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission performance data.

Abstract The emergence of the knowledge economy concept in the twentieth century significantly transformed the institutional setting of universities and led to a new mission for universities called academic entrepreneurship. Concurrently, governments increased the pressure on universities to foster entrepreneurial initiatives by reducing their budgets, forcing universities to make substantial changes in their governance to include entrepreneurial activities in their daily operations. Despite ongoing governance changes, universities are still struggling to fully integrate entrepreneurship into their operations. Hence, our study aims to develop a holistic approach and classification for governance arrangements that facilitate academic entrepreneurship. In this regard, by adopting the meta-synthesis method, we meticulously selected and analyzed 54 articles, identifying 7 structures and 4 processes that universities utilize to facilitate entrepreneurship on campus. We then discussed how adopting various governance arrangements promotes specific types of academic entrepreneurship. Theoretically, our research underscores the necessity of a holistic approach to governance arrangements—structures and processes—to foster academic entrepreneurship. It also sheds light on how particular governance arrangements can facilitate specific types of academic entrepreneurship. Additionally, our study probes into less explored areas of governance in the academic entrepreneurship literature, analyzing entrepreneurial activities in universities through a governance lens. Practically, our study suggests that governance arrangements should be aligned with university capabilities to optimally enable academic entrepreneurship. The effectiveness of entrepreneurship within the university depends on the direct or indirect interaction of these structures and the extent to which a particular structure or process is emphasized.

Abstract Research on blockchain technology in supply chain management has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to address critical challenges such as transparency, traceability, and operational efficiency. Despite this interest, the relationship between blockchain implementation and its measurable success has not been thoroughly investigated. This study conducts a systematic literature review of 46 peer-reviewed papers published between 2008 and 2024, synthesizing current research on how blockchain performance is assessed within supply chains. By categorizing the findings across key success factors, research methodologies, and performance indicators, this study provides a structured understanding of blockchain’s role in SCM. Emerging from our review, we develop a dynamic evaluation framework that systematically integrates use cases, objectives, input criteria, research methodologies, and expected outcomes, illustrating their interdependencies. This framework demonstrates blockchain’s capacity to enhance supply chain performance through improved transparency, enhanced traceability, and strengthened sustainability practices. Furthermore, it provides a structured approach to assessing blockchain’s long-term viability, emphasizing its iterative nature, which allows organizations to refine and adapt their implementations in response to evolving business and regulatory landscapes. Our findings underscore the cross-industry applicability of blockchain technology, spanning various sectors and bridging both operational and strategic objectives. However, the analysis reveals significant research gaps, particularly in empirical studies validating blockchain’s long-term impact on supply chain resilience, sustainability, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. Additionally, inconsistencies in performance measurement approaches hinder the comparability of findings across studies. Addressing these gaps through future research will be essential to fully unlocking blockchain’s transformative potential in SCM and ensuring its effective integration into global supply chain ecosystems.