This paper explores the problem of ensuring the autonomy and fault tolerance of intelligent control systems used in construction process management under conditions of external risks, such as power outages, loss of network connectivity, or cyber-attacks. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly involved in construction scheduling, monitoring, and resource coordination, there is a pressing need to develop system architecture capable of maintaining critical functionality under infrastructure failures. The main objective of this research is to design and formalize a model of an autonomous AI-driven system that can operate independently from centralized infrastructure and seamlessly transition to fallback control logic when needed. The methodology combines system architecture analysis, the use of UML diagrams (use case, component, and state diagrams) to model functional logic and interactions, risk scenario modeling using failure analysis techniques, and a comparative evaluation of centralized and edge-based computing approaches. The proposed three-layer architecture (physical, computational, and communication) is centered on a local edge server. This server hosts AI modules, handles anomaly detection, power switching, and provides decision-making capacity independently of cloud services. The results demonstrate that the implementation of a hybrid autonomous control system significantly enhances the resilience of construction operations. The edge-based architecture outperforms centralized models in response time, offline operability, and stability in unstable environment. A comparative analysis shows that the deployment of such a system may increase initial costs by 5–10%, yet these costs are justified by a substantial reduction in risk of downtime, delays, and data loss. The proposed system is particularly suitable for construction sites operating in constrained or high-risk conditions, including strategic infrastructure projects or military-affected zones. Future research should focus on optimizing AI algorithms for offline operation, developing industry-wide integration protocols, and validating the proposed model through real-life implementation in pilot projects.

The possibility of using the LIRA-FEM software package for nonlinear modeling of the actual design scheme and actual operation of an I-beam continuous perforated beam at the point of its support on the horizontal column head plate is considered. The finite element library allows modelling the operation of various types of structures with elements of various configurations, as well as use special elements for modeling joints in nodal connections. Nonlinear calculation allows modeling the actual operation of the structure, which takes into account the actual support of the beam on the column; fastening the beam to the column head with bolts; a pre-applied bolt tension force, and a given diagram of the steel operation under static loading. A method for nonlinear calculation of the beam-column system has been developed and the modeling stages are presented, starting with the creation of a new problem and ending with an extended analysis of the results obtained in the design sections and points of the structures. The modeling of the joint operation of a beam with a column is considered in detail, taking into account the real operation of bolts in the connections, depending on their pre-tensioning forces. A task has been formulated for performing nonlinear calculation of perforated metal double-span continuous beams taking into account plastic deformation of the material, which aims to determine the ultimate load and the nature of the loss of stability. In problems of physical and geometric nonlinearity, calculations are performed using iterative and stepwise methods. Nonlinear load modeling was performed, which is an advanced level of structural analysis that allows taking into account the physical or geometric nonlinearity of the behavior of the material or shape of the structure under the action of significant loads. In linear loading, it is assumed that the load is applied gradually and the material responds proportionally. In nonlinear analysis, the material can change its stiffness under the action of the load, plastic deformation occurs in it, and material failure can also be taken into account.

The issues of organizing recreation areas at the district level for large and largest cities were studied. These recreation areas are one of the primary tasks in the current conditions of physical and psychological stress on the population of cities. At present, the population of most Ukrainian cities has grown sufficiently, and the number of recreation areas, especially local (district-type) ones, has remained virtually unchanged. Based on the analysis of architectural and architectural-planning solutions of modern urban development, it is proposed to use the roofs of high-rise buildings for such areas, for which purpose they should be landscaped. Recreational areas on exploited roofs as an element of nature-integrated architecture are considered. The issue of exploitation of flat roofs, their use as recreational areas, gardens with shrubs or even trees, gazebos, recreation areas, greenhouses or winter gardens is investigated. To create high-quality conditions for plant growth on roofs and create green areas (winter gardens, greenhouses, greenhouses, etc.), it was proposed to use the low-potential heat of ventilation emissions. For this purpose, the use of both the heat of ventilation emissions directly (for heating the soil) and the use of systems with an intermediate heat carrier, for example, with heat pipes for heating, for example, water for plant irrigation, was considered. Some problems of utilization of low-potential heat in systems with natural exhaust air movement are considered. Ways to solve urgent problems in this direction are identified. To increase the temperature potential of ventilation emissions, the possibility of using emissions from the kitchen area and the area of sanitary facilities, the use of heat pumps is proposed, which can increase the thermal potential of ventilation emissions. An installation scheme for increasing the temperature potential of ventilation emissions is proposed. Its advantages and disadvantages are considered.

This article is devoted to improving heat utilization systems for industrial and municipal heat supply. It outlines methods for enhancing the cooling systems of kilns used in the firing of construction materials, identifies ways to stabilize the thermal regime, and establishes the conditions for developing functional layouts for furnace units. Rotary kilns, operating under varying environmental influences such as air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, and atmospheric precipitation, lose up to 30% of their heat through the lateral surface into the surrounding environment. These external factors negatively affect the thermal condition of the furnace unit, leading to overheating during warm periods and overcooling in cold seasons, which in turn decreases the durability of the lining and the quality of the produced materials. Typically, natural cooling of the kiln side surface is assumed in order to maintain the necessary internal surface temperature and extend the lining’s lifespan. However, this is an uncontrolled process with the aforementioned disadvantages. One approach to increasing the efficiency of fuel combustion heat utilization is the implementation of a regulated cooling system for rotary kilns. One possible solution is a recirculating channel design, which relies on the repeated use of the heat carrier flow. The share of recirculated flow increases as outdoor temperature decreases. Under summer design conditions, the system operates as a direct-flow type, delivering the entire stream to end users. In winter conditions, air is supplied from the bypass line. Based on these considerations, formulas are derived for determining the main parameters of the stabilizing cooling system for rotary kilns, intended for residential and municipal heat supply applications.

The wave of modernist architectural design, which became dominant in Ukraine since the 2010s, remains an understudied phenomenon, lacking a sufficient theoretical foundation for its positioning within the complex landscape of contemporary design trends. Although this type of architecture has been the subject of numerous studies, their results often present contradictory perspectives, complicating the structuring of this phenomenon within architectural theory. This specificity is also characteristic of the terminology, which is marked by significant diversity and variability in interpretations. The article provides a list of key terms used to define the wave of modernist architecture at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, offering an analytical characterization and evaluation of their correspondence to the nature of the phenomenon they describe. As a result, several fundamental approaches to addressing the issue of terminological diversity are outlined, and the most appropriate definitions with universal applicability are identified. The proposed approach is based on the recognition of two main methods of generalization: a) attempts to find a meta-term capable of encompassing all existing concepts, thereby resolving the issue of terminological dispersion; b) efforts to construct a clear chain of sequential phenomena interconnected by dialectical cause-and-effect relationships. The article also focuses on such concepts as neomodernism, hypermodernism, and altermodernism, whose defining characteristics most fully correspond to effective paths of terminological generalization. Furthermore, the discussed theoretical issues are linked to narrower directions, including the wave of new modernism in various Ukrainian cities, such as Dnipro, Lviv, and Kyiv. A scientifically motivated qualification of terminology opens the possibility for a clearer definition of criteria for evaluating the value of these structures and design solutions, with the potential for their future recognition as heritage objects and authentic testimonies of generational uniqueness.

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the position of supports of rod systems containing longitudinally compressed elements on their critical forces and the corresponding forms of buckling. Many issues related to the design and operation of such systems, in particular ensuring their stability, require taking into account the features of these forms, in particular the location of their nodes, extreme points, etc. Of special complexity is the case of a multiple critical force, for which the buckling mode is not uniquely determined, since an infinitely many buckling modes correspond to a multiple critical force. In the proposed work, for the case of a concentrated deformable or absolutely rigid hinged support, it is studied how, with a small displacement of the support, two simple critical forces are formed from a multiple critical force, and two uniquely determined buckling forms are formed from the corresponding infinite set of forms. In this case, significant use is made of analytical and qualitative methods of the theory of stability of rod systems, in particular, well-known theorems on the influence of imposing constraints on their critical forces, as well as previously established relationships determining the derivatives of the critical forces with respect to the coordinates determining the positions of the moving supports. Analytical expressions are proposed that allow one to describe the buckling modes formed after a small shift of the support in one direction or another, from which, in particular, it follows that on a moving support the angles of slope of the rod axis for these forms at the same value of the support reaction are numerically equal, but opposite in direction. The conclusions of the article are demonstrated on specific examples of two-span prismatic rods compressed by a longitudinal force constant along the length. In one of them, the position of the deformable intermediate support varies with absolutely rigid end supports. In the other, the intermediate absolutely rigid support moves when one of the end supports has a finite rigidity. In both examples, at a certain value of the rigidity of the deformable support, the main critical force becomes twofold and the rod can lose stability in an infinite number of configurations. Direct calculations performed for these cases show that the shift of the intermediate support leads to the effect described in the article and confirm its results.

The article presents the results of experimental studies on the load-bearing capacity of concrete specimens reinforced with a fiberglass shell under axial loading. Cylindrical concrete specimens were reinforced with strip fiberglass reinforcement (SFRP) using a developed winding technology and layer-by-layer bonding with a polymer binder. The main focus is on studying the influence of lateral pressure, created by the fiberglass shell, on the strength and deformation characteristics of concrete. The experiments demonstrated that the use of a fiberglass shell significantly increases the failure load. For concrete of class C16/20, the failure load increased from 100 kN (without the shell) to 980 kN (with a 4 mm thick shell), which is 9.8 times higher. A similar increase in strength was observed for concretes of other classes (C25/30, C32/40, C50), with the failure load for C50 concrete increasing by a factor of 5.2. It has been established that the intensity of strength gain depends on the concrete class; however, at high levels of lateral pressure (above 80 MPa), the strengthening coefficient (α) becomes nearly identical for all concrete classes (α ≈ 1.85). This indicates the similarity of concrete behavior in a fiberglass jacket to its behavior in steel jackets, with the added advantage of fiberglass’s high corrosion resistance. The deformation characteristics of the specimens were also studied. It was shown that the fiberglass jacket not only enhances strength but also improves the deformation properties of concrete, making it more resistant to longitudinal and transverse deformations. The obtained results confirm that glass fiber-reinforced concrete can be considered a promising structural material for the construction of highly loaded structures. The developed technology for strengthening concrete with a fiberglass jacket opens new possibilities for creating lightweight, durable, and long-lasting structures with low metal consumption and high corrosion resistance.

Nowadays, the construction of multi-storey buildings is becoming increasingly important, leading to an increasing building density and the development of transport infrastructure. Recently, the volume of construction in areas exposed to vibrations of various nature has been steadily increasing. Constant impact of vibrations caused by external factors, such as traffic flows or industrial plants, on buildings can cause significant displacements of structural elements and increase noise levels, which is an additional negative effect on the safe operation of the building. Thus, the problem of controlling the impact of these vibrations on the reliability and durability of a building is becoming increasingly important. Reducing the impact of frequencies on the structural characteristics of structures and on the normal functioning of the human body is implemented by vibration isolation of buildings and structural monitoring systems. However, the effect of changing the cross-sections of structural elements has not been fully investigated. The aim of this work is to find rational cross-sectional shapes of columns in terms of material consumption and suitability for normal exploitation of multi-storey reinforced concrete frame buildings. To analyse the effect of changing the cross-section of the columns, 3 variants of the column cross-section were developed, in which the shapes and geometric dimensions were changed. The geometric characteristics of the cross-sections were calculated using the Arbat software, and the modal analysis was performed using the SCAD software package. As a result of the calculation, the interaction curves were obtained, which limit the area of the section's bearing capacity under the action of forces that can be applied to the section under analysis. In particular, the natural frequencies and shapes of vibrations were obtained, and the cross-sections of the columns were estimated by their area and moments of inertia. The changes in the type of column cross-section did not significantly affect the level of vibration frequencies of the building. However, it did change the material consumption and weight of the building by 24%, meaning that the values of the loads from the columns' own weight transmitted to the foundation also decreased. Reducing the loads on foundations can significantly reduce the cost of their construction. It was also found that a change in the type of section can affect the changing of the direction of movement of the building's vibration forms. The results of the study demonstrate the possibility of optimising structural solutions by changing the geometry of columns, which not only saves resources but also ensures reliable operation of buildings.