The introductory part of the article presents historical facts about the field of journalism and how and when its primary education was formed. Also, the scientific significance of the research results in the field of journalism is explained by the usefulness of the proposed system, methodology, evaluation criteria to improve the content and methodological basis of journalism in higher education, and researches on teaching journalism terms. Practical significance of the research results, the developed proposals and practical recommendations provide theoretical insights on the formation and development of lexical competence in media terms, improvement of curricula in students majoring in journalism in higher education in English. The main part of the article is devoted to the importance of a competent approach to teaching foreign languages to journalism students.Theoretical and practical analysis of the importance of having language skills, mainly communicative competencies, for journalism students not only in language learning but also in the formation of professional skills is analyzed in the article. It mainly studies the importance of training and project methods in training journalists for the profession. The theoretical aspect of the article is mainly based on the competency approach and these two methods with the opinions of the researchers. In the practical part of the article, based on the theory, an experiment was conducted with students of the Faculty of Journalism. As a result of the project method, students' language skills increased and they worked on other specialties. In short, there are different approaches to learning English, and one of them is the communicative approach. This method helps to overcome language practice fear and language barriers in teaching English. The use of a competency-based approach in teaching foreign languages to journalist students during the lesson is an important factor in improving students' professional and language skills in their fields.

The article provides a structural analysis of the titles “Between Two Doors” by Utkir Khoshimov, “Eternal Gates” by Isajon Sultan and “Rebellion and Humility” by Ulugbek Hamdam. The author explains the writers’ creative goal in the title of a work of art, the role of plot elements and the composition of novels in revealing the essence of the title. Criteria that are important for naming the author’s works are classified, and chronotopic representation is analyzed. In the course of the research, the principles of the structural method were applied, the relevance of the title of works to events and the direction of each storyline in revealing the content of the title were described. The analysis of the works proves that each expresses the essence of the work, the role of the title in the structure of the text is unique, that is, before the text, the title is the first semiotic sign seen by the reader, as well as the meaning of the title mediates between the reader and the work. A creative comprehension of the chronotope as a means used for arranging the work composition, structure, and constructing an epic field of the text demands a special approach to understanding the aesthetic character of the work. Since the chronotope includes all the elements of a fictional work, it is impossible to present the plot, composition, conflict, system of characters, feelings and the mood of the characters without the description of the chronotope. The chronotope is accepted to be one of the poetic means to demonstrate the reality as well as to be a literary process that is basic for the expression of the reality in the compositional construction and illustration of the plot relying on the writer’s intention and the ideological conception of the literary work. The literary time enables to cognate the literary world picture created by the author in terms of the descriptive subject and object of the work. Utkir Hoshimov’s “Between Two Doors”, Isajon Sultan’s “Eternal Gates”, and Ulugbek Hamdam’s “Rebellion and Humility” were selected as the object of the research. The article uses comparative-typological, structural and complex methods of analysis.

Today, the Internet has united the world community into a single virtual space, making it the fastest means of receiving and disseminating information. The unprecedented development of information and communication technologies, the digitalization of traditional techniques has had a direct positive impact on the development of journalism to collect, process, and disseminate information quickly and efficiently, and in particular to present new forms of presentation to the audience in the coordination of voice, text, photography, and video. The Internet is a part of modern society, modern culture that emphasizes the mutual understanding of people, especially through new forms and means. Given the disappearance of time, space, culture and national boundaries, there is no doubt that the Internet will provide effective management of intercultural dialogue because of new information technologies. This means that in the virtual world, a person communicates with representatives of different cultures, both orally and in writing. Nowadays, in addition to the traditional text, various symbols are used in written speech. As a result, all aspects of social life, including culture, will be exchanged. If the message sent is clear and concise, it indicates that the meeting was effective. The Internet space is visible in a variety of symbols, pictures, info graphics, diagrams, videos, audio images, formed information technology, from the simple text of the message. This, of course, attracts the user's attention and indicates an increase in the need for virtuality rather than reality. This has led to the formation of new formats of information transmission in the Internet media under the influence of digital technologies. Capabilities of Internet media, such as hypertext, interactivity and multimedia, unique projects based on the synthesis of different media platforms have been created. Multimedia formats such as storytelling and longgrid have become very popular. Now the user needs audio and video materials instead of text format. The information and data provided by the Internet through the hypertext capabilities of the media is very compact and creates a number of conveniences for the user. The interactive ability of the Internet media enables the user to meet with other members of the audience and share the information they receive through various social networks. The multimedia capabilities of the Internet media serve to enrich the content of the web page with audio and video means. It is obvious that the multimedia capabilities of the Internet media are setting new perspectires for the dissemination and delivery of information to the user, because speed, objectivity and modernity are the requirements of today.

In the process of global development in all areas of science, various new knowledge has appeared. Including fantasy in world literature fantasy which began to be considered as one of the significant directions of the literature. In this article, the researcher proves the fact that fantasy has its own fundamental basis in the formation of this area, and the scientific theory of myths, fairy tales and knights, components of the fantasy content. The author justifies his scientific and theoretical approach to the scientific views of foreign scientists with respect to Fantasy. This attracted the attention of all literary critics and readers, and also caused various confusing ideas about fantasy. While each phenomenon in the literature has its own history and cause, the origin of fantasy has its fundamental basis for the creation. In the fantasy literature, there are often epics, myths, and works in the spirit of love, satire, historical works, utopian fairy tales, folk tales and parables. It is very important to study them at the stage of development of modern fantasy literature. Using in fantasy various small epic types contributes to the emergence of means of enrichment in its diversity and impressions. The aim of the study is to provide readers with literary criticism on fantasy works and their components on a scientific basis and improve their views on fantasy, and also awaken their interest in fantasy. In this regard, many sources were used. The study used the hermeneutic method. In the result of the study, the works of fantasy and their features will be disclosed. Provided scientific and theoretical approaches are also confirmed by reasonable examples from various scientific literature.

Developing sociolinguistic competence of philology students focuses on training and actualization of a certain set of components of sociolinguistic competence - the sociolinguistic paradigm that imposes a specific form on the individual speech behavior depending on the given social environment and the prevailing social and communicative context. The training system for the improvement of sociolinguistic competence of students should be based on didactic and methodological principles, enriched with special sociolinguistic content, which is the basis for the improvement of knowledge, skills, and abilities of students to build their speech behavior based on the speech profile of the interlocutor, taking into account sociolinguistic norms of communication adopted in a particular socio-communicative context. The improvement of sociolinguistic competence of students of philological faculties in teaching foreign languages is facilitated by teaching means of expressing sociolinguistic content through the prism of their functional content. The principle of contextual-thematic representation of teaching material implies that the very sociolinguistic nature of language functioning is inherently situational. The principle of concentrism involves teaching sociolinguistic competence with a gradual increase in the complexity of the sociolinguistic material studied in order to teach students to identify sociolinguistic parameters of communication situations in different social dialects, to identify social characteristics of the interlocutor by social markers in his speech and to build their socially correct speech behavior.

Uzbekistan is one of the most active countries in the migration process. In this process, she participates as a donor country. The problem of migrants is directly related to economic and political factors. However, the media, especially online publications, play a special role in shaping attitudes towards him. Analytical articles of Uzbek researchers and foreign publications on this topic were chosen as a theoretical basis for the work. The article discusses topical articles of leading online publications such as Kun.uz, Daryo.uz, Qalampir.uz Analysis and synthesis of the general research methodology were used as methodological tools. The article examines the attitude of Internet publications to this process, the degree of disclosure of this topic, the role of Internet publications and modern technologies in the process and coverage of this process. In addition to labor migrants, the issue of “brain drain” was also covered in online publications. The problem of “refugees” was not ignored either, and it seems that it has not been widely disseminated in Uzbek Internet publications. The publications are dedicated to Russian labor migrants, and the materials are full of sympathy for them. It was studied how the situation of labor migrants in a pandemic is reflected in Internet publications. Migration is mainly covered in the news genre, followed by interviews and analytical articles. According to the results of the article, Uzbek Internet publications have made significant progress in this area in recent years (3 years). It has become clear that they are taking a broader and more open approach to the problem of migration and are listening to the plight of migrants. However, it was also noted that the role of bloggers is different from that of online publications. If the problem of refugees in the European media began to attract more serious attention after the tragic death of Aylan Kurdi, in the Uzbek media the situation intensified after the tragedy in Aktobe.

The purpose of the article is to study the issues of teaching foreign students to read and speak in Uzbek using the types of speech activities in teaching Uzbek as a second foreign language. The content, forms, means of teaching the types of speech activities in the educational process consists of research, generalization and systematization. The object of the article is the current state of the study of speech activities, its essence, the content of the educational process, the comparative status of traditional methods and new approaches to the study of the subject, their application in practice, new modern technologies for teaching reading and speaking and further development of students' knowledge and skills in reading and speaking in Uzbek, further development of their vocabulary, further expansion of their knowledge of linguocultural studies, development of monologue and dialogic speech.

This article explains the need for the research in the field of engineering terminology, the process of teaching it in foreign languages, the comparative application of engineering terms in different languages and studying the development trends. Objective of the article is to describe the methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terminology on the basis of study research in the field of mechanical engineering as a complex of heavy equipment in industry that produces household appliances, as well as consumer electronics and products of defense importance. Methods of the investigation that enabled to: study and analyze mechanical engineering terms; develop methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terms; analyze selection and assessment criteria of case studies; analyze selection and assessment criteria of project-based teaching; organize pedagogical experiments and analyze their results. It is an integral part to investigate the sphere of machine-building and metalworking industries, the production of metal products, metal structures and the repair of machinery and equipment. Furthermore, the issues of teaching engineering terminology in order to form professional foreign language competence in technical students by means of using new pedagogical technologies are of high significance. Such as, typology of terms in the field of mechanical engineering, teaching terminology whereby case studies and projects, examples of case studies and study projects are given. It is also important to pay attention to the etymology and the sources of the formation of terms, their peculiarities and definitions in special contexts as a complex human speech and language activity. Results and discussion. The article discloses the processes of activating terminology for obtaining information, through cognitive activity. Research works in the field of mechanical engineering, the practical basis of teaching terms and its effectiveness are also analyzed. The terms, vocabulary related to the field of mechanical engineering, case studies and analysis of independent work assignments are taken into account in the organization and conducting the trainings defined in the pedagogical experiment. As a result of experimental research, it was proved by mathematical statistical methods that the efficiency was achieved by 15% in case studies and 17% in educational projects. It was found that the mean value of the scores in the experimental group was 17% higher than in the control group. Hence, the research conducted has proven to be effective. Conclusions. The difficulties that arise in the process of comparing terminological activities show not only the specificity of individual languages, but also the specific role of terms in the national language system. Comparing the terminology of the English and Uzbek languages in the field of mechanical engineering not only allows to determine the general and specific features of the terms of mechanical engineering in the two languages, but also provides an in-depth study of both terminological systems.

The paper continues to analyze the language of international organizations, its development and importance of its correct understanding in the course of partners’ communication with different languages, which requires translators to be more attentive to avoid discrapencies and confusions while translating dialogues or presentations at some official meetings. The topicality of such research is obvious. Thus in the article the authors decided to discuss a very interesting phenomenon of buzzwords and ‘plastic’ words as a distinct class of words. For that, they reviewed key publications on development discourse and eleven characteristics of development buzzwords and plastic words were identified and discussed. An attempt was made at classification of development buzzwords into concepts and decorative elements. The international organizations with their activities try to help further promotion of world economies and improve the life of countries in need. Consistent studies of development terms and their deconstruction seem promising and, as a result, might contribute to better understanding and perception of buzzwords in the countries receiving a development assistance.

The article deals with the effect of the curriculum objectives on the most important factors to meet the language learning goals. Implementing the goals of the curriculum, teachers will have opportunities to share successful classroom activities, guide the trainers, obtain good knowledge of the language theory and practice, maintain high expectation in the classrooms, encourage students, motivate them, foresee the ways to overcome setbacks. The overall aim of curriculum is - to improve the effective communicative competence in different life situations. The article presents a practical overview of the different activities for developing an effective national language program. Both teachers and language learners benefit equally from the updated curriculum. Well-developed curriculum and materials chosen to implement the requirements of this document will help to grow students’ abilities to reach their intentions and aims. In addition, such curriculum can greatly affect the ways teachers interact with their students and also help to develop teachers’ confidence in their pedagogical activity. Necessary strategies for creating successful tests within a language program have been developed, including suggestions for integrating tests into the overall curriculum using checklists to enhance the quality of evaluation through tests and administering them into the world-wide educational system. The introduction of tests into the curriculum of higher educational Institutions will considerably assist to improve foreign languages learning and teaching.