Sugarcane contributes to roughly 40-45% of the United States (US) sugar production and Florida accounts for more than 50% of the production or an equivalent of approximately 20% of the total sugar production in the country (Abadam 2022). Therefore, sugarcane is considered one of the most valuable crops in southern Florida. Sugarcane rust mite (SRM), Abacarus sacchari, is one of the pests associated with sugarcane. The mite was first discovered in southern Florida in 1982 and, since then, there have been no further reports on the mite until the summer of 2007 (Beuzelin et al. 2022) . The lack of reports could be due to the mite's microscopic size that made it unnoticeable; therefore, the symptoms produced by this mite were misidentified as foliar diseases which also commonly infest the sugarcane (Nuessly et al. 2015) . SRM is an eriophyid that is well known to be an arrhenotokous parthenogenetic and haplodiploid. The male is haploid, which develops from unfertilised eggs, while the female is diploid, which develops from fertilised eggs (Skoracka 2008; Michalska

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most significant vegetable crops worldwide, and China has the largest eggplant production area. In 2014, the cultivation area of eggplant in China was 800 000 ha, with a total production of 29.5 million t, accounting for 60% of world production (Yang et al. 2019) . However, several diseases seriously affect eggplant yield and fruit quality, one of which is eggplant Verticillium wilt caused by the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae and brings about economic losses worldwide. Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease that can result in yellow discolouration or defoliation and, eventually death of plants (Fradin & Thomma 2006; Wally & Punja 2010) . Traditional control methods such as chemical and biological control cannot effectively control the disease for eggplant Verticillium wilt. The lack of resistant cultivars to this pathogen in eggplant limits the progress of genetic breeding for disease resistance. Solanum torvum Sw., also known as tur-

Entomological investigations are usually carried out in natural habitats, with the aim of capturing the local species composition and revealing occurrence of remarkable (rare, endangered, bioindicative) species. In intensively used agricultural landscapes or residential environments, similar surveys are usually considered "unattractive" and, therefore, relatively uncommon (Hluchý & Dobšík 1984; Wolda et al. 1994; Šafář 2010 ). However, their numbers are increasing due to insect declines and efforts to change landscape structure to support biodiversity (Kadlec et al. 2009; Ekroos et al. 2010; Botham et al. 2015) . Alternatively, research in these habitats is focused on a very limited spectrum of harmful species (the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture light trap network) or is targeted at opportunities to control methods of individual harmful species. This research aimed to investigate the moth fauna of the agricultural landscape, with a primary focus on what harmful species occur there (which important crops may damaged) and what share they have in the overall moth assemblage, i.e. also to determine the overall moth diversity expressed in numbers of species, individuals and basic synecological indices, and whether species

Herbicide resistance in weeds is one of the greatest challenges facing modern agriculture (Perotti et al. 2020) . This phenomenon is defined as the inherited capacity of a plant to survive and reproduce after treatment with a dose of herbicide that is normally lethal to a wild-type plant of the same species (Weed Science Society of America Terminology Committee 1998). Resistant weed biotypes have been selected to many herbicide mechanisms of action, however, biotypes resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors constitute the most numerous group (Heap 2023). The cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) is among the weed species where a lack of control with ALS inhibitors has been detected. There are also reports from Poland about populations of this species with resistance to synthetic auxins (Stankiewicz-Kosyl et al. 2021; Heap 2023) . C. cyanus is an annual weed from the Asteraceae family that mostly infests winter crops, like cereals Supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland as part of the statutory activities of the

We investigated the compatibility between adzuki bean and Bradyrhizobium USDA strains and the relation between the genetic diversity of indigenous adzuki bean-nodulating bradyrhizobia and their geographical distribution in Japan. Six Bradyrhizobium USDA strains were used in the inoculation test, and B. elkanii USDA 94 showed higher symbiotic efficiency than other strains. Two adzuki bean cultivars were used to isolate indigenous adzuki bean-nodulating bradyrhizobia. Their genetic diversity and community structure were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms of PCR amplicons to target the 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer region, using 11 USDA Bradyrhizobium strains as reference strains. Furthermore, we performed diversity analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis based on the Chao index, and polar ordination analysis to explain the relation between community structure and geographical distribution of the adzuki bean-nodulating bradyrhizobia. The major clusters were Bj123 in Hokkaido and Kyoto, Bd110 in Fukushima and Shimane A, Be76 in Shimane B and Fukuoka, Bj6 in Miyazaki, and Bj6 and BeOK in Okinawa. Japan's indigenous adzuki bean-nodulating bradyrhizobial community was strongly and significantly correlated with latitude, longitude, annual mean temperature, and electrical conductivity. This result suggests that the adzuki bean-nodulating bradyrhizobial community is influenced by multiple environmental factors.

The potential of the framework of precision agriculture points towards the emergence of site-specific weed control. In light of the phenomena, the search for a cost-effective approach can help the discipline to accelerate the practical implementation. The paper presents a near-infrared data-driven machine learning model for real-time weed detection in wide-row cultivated maize (Zea mays) fields. The basis of the model is a dataset of 5 120 objects including 18 species of weeds significant in the context of wide-row crop production in the Czech Republic. The custom model was subsequently compared with a state-of-the-art machine learning tool You only look once (version 3). The custom model achieved 94.5 % identification accuracy while highlighting the practical limitations of the dataset.

Rini Murtiningsih, Tonny Koestoni Moekasan, Laksminiwati Prabaningrum, Asma Sembiring, Wiwin Setiawati, Ahsol Hasyim, Bagus Kukuh Udiarto, Ineu Sulastrini, Neni Gunaeni, Eli Korlina, Nikardi Gunadi, Harmanto, Liferdi Lukman

Results of a vast research activity carried out worldwide in the last decades have demonstrated that endophytic fungi hold a fundamental role in improving plant fitness based on their aptitudes as growth promoters and/or defensive mutualists. These properties may have applicative perspectives in crop production, particularly for tree species such as hazelnut (Corylus avellana), which is mostly cropped extensively in semi-natural contexts of highland regions throughout the temperate zones. The available data on the occurrence, ecological roles, and applications in biotechnology of endophytic fungi associated with hazelnuts are revised in this paper in view to provide a reference supporting future investigations and projects aimed at exploiting the potential of this component of the plant microbiome.

While monitoring the health of different ornamental and shade trees in Serbia, symptoms indicative of cypress canker disease were observed in young Cupressus sempervirens trees in the Belgrade urban area. Symptoms included tree mortality (specimens were recorded with a change in needle colour, branch decline or longitudinal bark cankers on the stems with resin exudates) and the appearance of acervuli fruiting bodies on the bark and cones. Using light microscopy, cross sections of fruiting bodies on the cankered bark and cones were examined and numerous fusoid, six-cell conidia were recorded with four inner coloured cells and two hyaline cells at the ends. Based on the unique combination of the morphological features and the infected host, this pathogen was identified as Seiridium cardinale. This is the first report of S. cardinale on the common cypress in Serbia. Possible introduction pathways and the implications of the findings are discussed.

Little cherry virus 1 (LChV1) of the genus Velarivirus is an important pathogen associated with the little cherry disease. It infects various species of the genus Prunus, mainly the sweet cherry and the sour cherry. Recently, plums and apricots have also been reported as natural hosts. In the present work, the LChV1 isolate causing chlorotic mosaics in almonds is characterised. The nearly complete (+)ssRNA genome sequence of the Alm138 isolate, obtained by Sanger sequencing, is 16 878 nt long showing a typical velarivirus structure with 8 ORFs. Among them, the taxonomically important ORFs, ORF1a/1b encoding the polyprotein is 8 421 nt long, with a 0/+1 frameshift position at 6 923; ORF3 encoding the heat shock protein HSP70h is 1 656 nt long, and ORF6 encoding the coat protein duplicate is 1 989 nt long. The genome sequence showed its highest identity with LChV1 isolates Apr184R (96.2%), 19SP003B (92.2%) and Kyoto-2 (92.1%). A similar situation was also found for the ORF1, HSP70h, and CP nucleotide and amino acid sequences. A phylogenetic analysis identified Alm138 as a member of the G5 phylogenetic group, supporting its close relationships with the Czech Apr184R apricot isolate and the other members of this group. This report describes the first little cherry virus 1 isolate infecting almonds and confirms the presence of isolates of the G5 phylogroup within Europe.