As the most crucial choice in the heavy-duty protective coating industry, epoxy-based coatings suffer from insufficient toughness and impermeableness. So in this study, a reliable method that is, in turn, easy to be scaled up is designed and proposed. Through this method, a significantly toughened and mechanically improved epoxy nanocomposite film is suggested. This film is based on poly(amidoamine)-grafted (PAMAM) graphene oxide (GO). GO is synthesized and then modified through two consecutive steps; first, silane-grafted GO producing SiGO and second polyamidoamine (PAMAM)-grafted SiGO leading to HbpSiGO. FT-IR, TGA, and XRD results confirm a successful functionalization of the GO flakes. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) results reveal that the nanocomposite film based on HbpSiGO possesses higher storage modulus (50 %), elevated glass transition temperature (18 %), and higher cross-linking density (237 %) compared to unfilled epoxy. According to tensile testing, HbpSiGO nanocomposite shows an increment in work of fracture (148%), elongation at break (52 %), and maximum stress (68 %) in comparison with neat epoxy.

Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed for investigating the behavior of clemastine drug on the corrosion protection of carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution which was enhanced by increasing the clemastine concentration in acid solution. As evidenced by polarization data, clemastine behaved as a mixed-type inhibitor and retards both anodic and cathodic processes. Adsorption of clemastine on carbon steel in acid solution obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. A reasonable correlation was observed between the ∆Goads values obtained from EIS and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The calculated ∆Goads values of clemastine confirmed comprehensive adsorption that is a combination of physical and chemical adsorption. The electronic properties of clemastine were calculated via density functional theory (DFT) approach to establish the relationship between the inhibitive effect and molecular structure of the clemastine. According to the obtained quantum chemical parameters, clemastine showed higher EHOMO, lower EHOMO, lower energy gap, and higher dipole moment than some inhibitors earlier reported as good corrosion inhibitors.

In this study, a heat resistant coating with thermal barrier property was designed. Two types of silicone resin (based on methoxy methyl polysiloxane and methyl phenyl silicone resin) were used as thermal resistant binders, and the black iron oxide pigment and glass micro hollow sphere (MHS) additive were utilized to formulate the heat resistant/thermal barrier coatings. Coatings were applied to the steel substrates, and general properties of the coatings such as film formation, curing, and adhesion were then studied. The thermal stability of the coatings was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis up to 450 °C. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the coatings was measured by temperature modulated differential scanning colorimeter (TMDSC). Investigation of the properties of all coatings showed that the silicone coating with the 7% of hollow microsphere had higher thermal stability (Tmaximum weight loss= 538 °C) and better barrier properties (Thermal conductivity= 0.29 W/mK (compared with other coatings.

Invention new thin films nano-coating to obtain high-level performance spectrally selective surfaces to enhance solar energy by spin and casting methods, thin films coating are deposited by these techniques on aluminum and glass substrates that were pre-cleaned. Nanocomposite thin film coating comprising (Co3O4:Cr2O3) and carbon to gain an economical coating. The coating has a high absorptivity of solar energy. Nanomaterials have been used in various concentration ratios to dope carbon, and Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDX) was used to determine carbon ash's chemical composition; SEM measured its practical size. Optical properties have been studied by the UV-Visible Spectra and reflectivity tests in a range from 250-1300 nm at room temperature. Absorbance coefficient, transmittance, reflectance, skin depth, optical density, optical energy gap (Eg), and Urbach energy of nanocomposite thin films have also been specified. The Eg of doped C has been measured with different concentration ratios of (Co3O4:Cr2O3) such as sample F (0.5:2.5/7), sample G (1:2/7), sample H (1.5:1.5/7), the sample I (2:1/7), and sample K (2.5:0.5/7) wt. %, the concentration of C is fixed for all samples (7) wt. %. The results revealed that the Eg is ranged (2.9-3.9 eV) and the absorptivity in the ranged (88-93.2 %) for all doped samples. The absorptivity values of nanocomposites are very close to semiconductor elements, which have high absorptivity to the wavelength intensity. The synthesized coating will be used over a flat plate collector as a trap to absorb solar energy for a highly feasible selective surface.

Toner is a powder mainly composed of polymer and colorant that are used as ink in electrophotographic printing. Several methods have been employed for producing toner and one of is emulsion aggregation (EA) method. The purpose of this study is to produce ceramic toner based on ZrSiO4: Pr uses emulsion aggregation method and investigate the effect of ceramic pigment synthesis method on the final properties of the toner. For synthesis of zirconium silicate pigment with Praseodymium dopant, two combustion and combinational methods were studied. Ceramic Toner characteristics were analyzed using a spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, particle size analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry. Structural studies show that the pure phase of zirconium silicate can be identified as a pure phase in the toner and toner particle size and particle size distribution is in the appropriate (4-7 µm) range for printing. Thermal analyzes show an appropriate glass transition temperature at around 77 °C. Color specification shows that in spite of a decrees in color characteristics of the ceramic pigment at the manufacturing process of the toner, after application and baking at a temperature of 1000 °C, the color is converted to a suitable yellow intensity range.

he aromatic behavior of the azo-linked cyclopentadienide derivatives have been revealed in various natural compounds. In Tthis research, density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP level are used to optimize the geometry of the compounds. In addition, we were interested in the evaluation of the aromaticity of the selected compounds using nucleus independent chemical shifts NICS (0), NICS (0.5), NICS (1), NICS (1.5) and NICS (2), bond lengths and bond angles.

In this study, we use metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), TMU-60 ([Zn (OBA)(L*). DMF]L*=5,6-di(pyridine-4-yl)-1,2,3,4 – tetrahydropyrazine) (compound I), and TMU-60-Cd (compound II), with excellent conductivity as additives in perovskite solution. The presence of cadmium in the structure of TMU-60-Cd can significantly enhance the conductivity of the framework. These frameworks can transfer the electron between the structures. Therefore, the use of these frameworks in perovskite solar cells could have a positive effect on electron transfer. However due to the creation of a lot of voids during the formation of perovskite layer, the power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of resulting PCSs were weaker than the pristine PCS. The results revealed that using even small amounts of TMU-60, and TMU-60-Cd caused a significant reduction in PCE, and the short current densities (Jsc), while improving the stability of the perovskite film, and the device. The absorption, and morphology of the new perovskite layer was also studied by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FE-SEM, and XRD.

Aseries of samples was sintered from nanometric BaTiO3 powder by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Sintered tablets were polished, sputtered by aluminum to create electrode system and tested in DC and AC electric fields. The results were correlated with the SPS processing parameters and are discussed in connection with other BaTiO3 samples produced by SPS with or without additional heat treatment. Majority of our SPS fired samples had, even without subsequent thermal treatment, advantageous combination of high permittivity, DC resistivity and low loss factor, seldom reported for SPS technology. Samples were tested also in annealed state and compared with as-sintered ones.

New bacteria that was provided from contaminated soils surrounding the coal, aluminum, salt mines and wetland separated, synthesized and characterized. The achievements show that this soils and waters have five disposed bacteria consist of Microbacterium SP, Micrococcaceae Bacterium, Planomicrobium SP, Brevndimonas Aurantiaca and Halomonas SP. Secondly, the result of the potential of removal activity study of new bacteria, with respect to basic blue 41 and disperse red 177 dyes are presented. So, in the batch system the influence of pH, bacteria dosage, temperature, dyes initial concentration and time was investigated. Finally, the study of removal mechanism show that the biodegradation is the governing mechanism. So, we can confirmed that these natural and locally available bacteria showed a great efficiency for the removal of dyes from the aqueous solution without any unsafe by-product, also can be utilized for other water pollutants.

Although, that the solar energy is important for life continuity, there is need to protect large buildings from these radiations in summer and if the buildings are permitted to take these radiations, the cost of cooling will be too much. One of the most effective methods used to solve this problem is to coat buildings with specific pigments that reflect the solar infrared radiation. This work studies a new infrared reflective coating containing carotene pigment. UV-Vis spectroscopy results for the films with different concentrations of carotene pigment showed that the reflectance of IR spectrum reaches to 92% while the reflectance in the visible range (400-500 nm) was decreased to 42% by increasing the concentration. The FT-IR results showed the bonds of the Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and pigment, noted that the transmittance increased for PMMA and pigment almost 10% as compared with pure PMMA. The containing PMMA, indicating that the transmittance increased almost 10% for pigment-containing PMMA. The results confirmed that the prepared coatings could reflect UV-Vis spectrum. So, they can be used in the protecting the planet from this type of radiation.