Sexual assault victimization is understudied among men, and is associated with several long-term, negative outcomes, including risky sexual behaviors. Condom use resistance (CUR) is one risky sexual behavior, which entails lasting consequences such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unplanned pregnancies. Although previous research has broadly examined risky sexual behaviors among men who were victimized by adolescent/adult sexual assault (ASA), research specifically examining CUR use among men victimized by ASA is lacking. A total of 282 young, single, men who were recently sexually active with a woman were recruited from the United States and completed assessments of their age, previous sexual assault victimization, and use of CUR strategies. Almost half (n = 137; 48.6%) of the men were sexual assault victims, while the remainder (n = 145; 51.4%) were nonvictims. Quade non-parametric ANCOVAs compared victims' to nonvictims' use of CUR strategies. Results revealed that victims used more CUR overall, used more noncoercive CUR, and used more strategies related to risk-level reassurance, relationship and trust, reduced sensitivity, and direct request than nonvictims. However, there were no differences in participants' previous use of coercive CUR, or strategies related to seduction, withholding sex, or loss of arousal. These novel findings suggest an association between men's ASA victimization and CUR, similar to findings among women's ASA victimization and CUR. Future research should replicate these results in a larger, more diverse sample, to better inform intervention programs targeting men victimized by ASA, and emphasizing the importance of condom use during future sexual interactions.

Although the concept of gender role conflict has advanced contemporary research on the psychology of men and masculinities, there has been little exploration of gender role conflict within clinical samples of men. Consequently, variable- and person-oriented approaches to the analysis of data collected from a racially and ethnically diverse sample of 224 fathers living in southern New England were used to document differences in gender role conflict when fathers with an opioid use disorder were compared with fathers living in the same community without an alcohol or drug use disorder. Analyses of covariance indicated that, after allowance for demographic characteristics, the clinical group reported significantly more concern about Restrictive Emotionality and Restrictive Affectionate Behavior Between Men. Cluster analysis indicated that there were five potentially meaningful profiles of gender role conflict among the fathers. Multinomial logistic analysis examining assignment to clusters representing more versus less concern showed that, after allowance for demographic characteristics, the odds were much greater that the fathers in the clinical group were assigned to clusters reflecting more concern about gender role conflict. The results highlight ways internalization of masculinities emphasizing constriction of emotional expression and interpersonal relations may represent risk for opioid addiction, and they illustrate how documentation of differences in masculine constructs may inform gender-sensitive parent intervention pursued with fathers in clinical and community contexts.

Heterophobia, defined as gay men's fear and avoidance of heterosexual men, has been linked to behavioral health outcomes and could contribute to social disconnectedness and intergroup conflict. The Gay Male Heterophobia Scale assesses 3 meaningful aspects of gay male heterophobia: disconnectedness, expected rejection, and unease/avoidance. The current study sought to assess the development of heterophobia among gay men over 2 weeks using a longitudinal cross-lagged panel design. Using data gathered from 253 gay-identified men collected on MTurk, the results indicated that disconnectedness is an important mediator in the relationship between minority stress and unease/avoidance of heterosexual men but does not mediate the relationship between minority stress and expectations of rejection. Implications for future research and clinical applications are provided, in addition to a discussion of study limitations.

This study compared single (n = 129) and partnered gay men (n = 114) to determine if they differed in their concerns over traditional masculine roles and interest in casual sex, and to measure the relationship between concerns over masculine roles and interest in casual sex. Additionally, a regression model to predict relationship satisfaction was tested. Participants were recruited at two Southern California Gay Pride festivals. Group comparisons showed single men were more restrictive in their affectionate behavior with other men (effect-size r = .14) and were more interested in casual sex than partnered men (effect-size r = .13); and partnered men were more concerned with being successful, powerful, and competitive than single men (effect-size r = .20). Different masculine roles were predictive of interest in casual sex among the two groups of men. Finally, a hierarchical regression analysis found that interest in casual sex and the length of one's current relationship served as unique predictors of relationship satisfaction among the partnered gay men (Cohen's f(2) = .52).