Introduction: physical education classes are spaces in which students not only develop motor skills, but also experience processes of interaction and social learning. How-ever, the inclusion of stu-dents with sensory disabilities continues to present challenges in teaching practice. Objective: the objective of this research was to analyze the current state of intervention in physical education with students with sensory disabilities, identifying trends, strategies, and existing barriers to their effective inclusion. Methodology: a systematic review was carried out in Scopus, selecting 17 articles that addressed interventions in physical education with students with sensory disabilities. The PRISMA method was used, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria for the final selection of the studies analyzed. Results: the results revealed that methodological adaptations and the use of accessible resources facilitate the inclusion of students with sensory disabilities. Likewise, teacher training and their attitude towards diversity emerged as key factors in the effectiveness of the interven-tions. Discussion: in comparison with previous studies, a positive evolution was observed in the implementation of inclusive strategies, although structural and cultural barriers per-sist. The literature high-lights the importance of comprehensive approach-es to achieve effective inclusion in physical education. Conclusions: physical education has an important role in promoting the inclusion of students with sensory disabilities. To advance in this area, it is essential to strengthen teacher training and pro-mote practices based on the universal design of learnings.

Introduction: Vocational development and career choice represent key processes in the transition to higher education and are related to students’ overall well-being. At the same time, healthy lifestyles influence academic adaptation and students’ physical and psychological health. Objective: The study analyzed the relationship between vocational development, career choice, and the promotion of active and healthy lifestyles among university leveling students. Methodology: The research was conducted under a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and a correlational scope. The sample consisted of one hundred eighty university leveling students selected through intentional sampling. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire that assessed vocational development, clarity in career choice, and healthy lifestyles. The data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistical procedures. Results: The results showed moderate levels of vocational development and healthy lifestyles among most students. A positive relationship was identified between vocational development and clarity in career choice, as well as a significant association between vocational development and the adoption of habits related to physical activity and general well-being. Discussion: The findings were consistent with previous research indicating that vocational clarity is associated with higher levels of well-being and better organization of healthy habits among university students. Conclusions: Vocational development is related to the adoption of healthy lifestyles among university leveling students.

Introduction: The quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is influenced by multiple factors, including the severity of the disease. Objectives: To determine the relationship between quality of life and the severity of Parkinson's disease, identifying the most affected factors at each stage of progression. Methodology: 30 adults with an average age of 51.417±1.80 years from the Parkinson's Association of Valdivia were administered the SF-36 survey to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Additionally, the Hoehn and Yahr scale was used to determine the severity of Parkinson's disease (PD). Results: According to the SF-36 questionnaire, women showed a better quality of life (55.08%) compared to men (47.75%). The dimensions of physical role (dimension 2) and emotional role (dimension 7) were significantly low, while vitality (dimension 5), mental health (dimension 8), and social functioning (dimension 6) showed significantly higher differences. The Hoehn and Yahr scale revealed that most participants were in a mild to moderate stage of the disease, with stage 3 being the most frequent, 30% in women and 23.33% in men. The predominant signs and symptoms were bradykinesia, resting tremor, postural instability, and balance disturbances. Conclusions: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients classified as mild to moderate is not significantly affected by the severity of the disease. Additionally, women have a more favorable perception of their quality of life.

Objective: To describe indicators of physical fitness, general and central adiposity, and blood pressure (BP) in schoolchildren aged 6-10 years in Curitiba (Brazil), comparing according to sex, BP status, adiposity, and physical fitness, and analyzing the combined effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and adiposity in relation to BP levels. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with 167 children aged 6-10 years. Body mass, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score (BMI-z), Tri-ponderal mass index (TMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and mean BP (MBP) were calculated. Physical fitness was assessed by handgrip strength, horizontal jump, and 20-meter shuttle run test. Adiposity was classified as normal or excessive (BMI, TMI, WC, WHtR). Hypertension was defined as BP values ≥P95 for sex and height. Analysis was performed using t-tests, chi-square tests, kruskal–wallis test and binary logistic regression. Results: Girls had higher body mass (p=0.038) and SBP (p=0.012) than boys. Frequencies of excess general adiposity (BMI-z=40.1%), central adiposity (WHtR=50.3%), and hypertension (17.4%) showed no differences between sexes. Children with high BP had higher means and frequencies of excessive adiposity (p<0.05) and low CRF (p=0.015). Hypertensive measures were associated with TMI (OR=3.15), WC (OR=2.92), WHtR (OR=2.77), and low CRF (OR=3.20) (p<0.05). Children with low CRF combined with high WC or TMI presented higher DBP and MBP than those with high CRF, regardless of adiposity classification (p<0.01). Conclusions: Children with high BP and hypertension had more general and central adiposity, and low CRF. The combination of low CRF and high adiposity was associated with higher DBP and MBP. Assessments in schoolchildren are important for identifying health risk factors, providing a basis for comprehensive preventive actions.

Introduction: Metabolic health in university students has gained relevance due to hidden risk factors not detected by traditional metrics. Objective: To determine the influence of relative muscle mass and visceral fat on metabolic risk in college students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 325 students aged 18 to 35. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance, and multivariate logistic regression was performed adjusting for age, sex, body fat percentage, and visceral fat. Results: 68.31% of participants showed high metabolic risk. Visceral fat was the strongest predictor (OR = 3.18; p < 0.001). Male sex was protective (OR = 0.25; p = 0.031), while relative muscle mass was not statistically significant. Discussion: These findings align with recent literature emphasizing visceral fat as a superior marker to BMI or subcutaneous fat. The lack of significance for muscle mass may reflect the predominant effect of visceral adiposity. Conclusions: Visceral fat is a key determinant of metabolic risk in university students. Early detection and interventions focusing on visceral fat reduction and muscle strengthening are recommended.

Introduction: The fitness market in Portugal currently registers the highest number ever of gyms, participants, revenue, and market penetration rate. In this context, the production of knowledge about the sector represents an added value for all stakeholders. Objective: To identify the fitness trends in Portugal for 2026; to compare opinions among groups (gender, professional title, and whether they hold professional functions); and to contrast the 2026 findings with the 2025 national results, as well as with the 2026 Spanish and worldwide surveys. Methods: Following the methodology of the Worldwide Fitness Trends survey developed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), an online questionnaire comprising 55 potential trends was applied in Portugal. A total of 630 respondents—including fitness professionals, exercise-related health professionals, and students—completed the survey. Results: The top five fitness trends for 2026 were “Employing certified fitness professionals”, “Personal training”, “Specialized fitness studios”, “Programs for older adults”, and “Exercise for mental health”. The top 10 included three new entries related to disease management. Group comparisons revealed 13 differences between genders, 21 between professional title, and 20 between performing or not performing professional functions. Additionally, three of the top ten trends in Portugal coincide with those of Spain and the global ranking. Conclusions: The Portuguese market continues to strongly value the hiring of certified professionals and personalized training, while simultaneously registering growth in practices focused on health and disease management. The ongoing evolution and heterogeneity of the sector justify the continuation of this study and its contribution to the development of Fitness in Portugal.

Introduction: The athletics races take place in the heart of public space and enjoy high levels of visibility. Race organizers benefit from connecting with sponsoring companies that want results in promoting and selling their brands. Objective: The aim of the research was to test a conceptual model to explain the effects of sponsorship on runners. It used running involvement, perceived altruistic sponsor motives, brand recognition and perceived congruence between sponsors and running as the determining constructs. Methodology: This research shifts the focus from spectator-based sponsorship to participant-based sponsorship. A sample of 736 runners from one of Portugal’s most popular athletics races completed a questionnaire. A Structural Equation Modeling analysis was carried out to test the model and the hypotheses. Results: The model explained that 49% of attitudes toward sponsors and 15% of runners' purchase intentions. The strongest effects were the effect of brand recognition on perceived congruence and the effect of perceived altruistic motives on attitudes toward the sponsor brand. However, running involvement had no significant effect on attitude towards the sponsoring company. Discussion: This research demonstrates the role played by perceptions of sponsors' altruistic motivations in shaping favourable responses to sponsoring companies and runners' intention to buy sponsors' products. Conclusions: The effects of sponsorship of athletics races on runners have been demonstrated, particularly the significant role of brand recognition and perceived altruistic motives. This study offers important implications for race organizers and sponsoring companies.

Introduction: the development of effective exercise interventions for adolescents requires an understanding of how different exercise modalities interact with individual characteristics, such as baseline physical activity levels. Objectives: this study aimed at analysing the interaction effect between exercise types (Dance-based lulo and Anak Indonesia Hebat Dance) and physical activity level (high vs. low) on the improvement of cardiovascular fitness in junior high school adolescents. Methodology: an 8-week and 2x2 factorial experimental design were employed, utilizing cluster random sampling to assign 80 junior high school students (aged 13-15) into four intervention groups: 1) lulo exercise with high physical activity (A1B1), 2) lulo exercise with low physical activity (A1B2), 3) standardized calisthenics with high physical activity (A2B1), and 4) standardized calisthenics with low physical activity (A2B2). Cardiovascular fitness, measured by maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max), was assessed using the Balke test pre- and post-intervention. Data were analysed using two-way factorial ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: the analysis revealed a statistically significant interaction between exercise type and physical activity level on cardiovascular fitness (F=12.45, p<0.01), namely the highest mean improvement in VO₂max was observed in group A1B1 (Δ=4.8 ml/kg/min), followed by A2B1 (Δ=3.6 ml/kg/min), A1B2 (Δ=2.9 ml/kg/min), and A2B2 (Δ=1.8 ml/kg/min). Discussion: dance-based lulo exercise is more effective than standardized calisthenics in enhancing cardiovascular fitness, and this benefit is most pronounced among adolescents with a high baseline level of physical activity. Conclusion: these findings underscore the importance of considering both exercise modality and individual physical activity levels when designing optimized training programs for youth.

Introduction: Good balanced nutrition at a young age and healthy lifestyles are very important. Nonetheless, poor nutrition is still a serious public health issue and is one of the risk factors for high stunting rates and childhood becoming obese both worldwide and in Indonesia. Objective: This study aimed to develop and test the effectiveness of the Collaborative School–Family Wellness Model in promoting balanced nutrition and healthy behavior among early childhood learners through structured collaboration between schools and families. Methodology: This research used a mixed-method design (R&D with quantitative design) The program was developed through R&D activities, and its effectiveness was evaluated using a quantitative approach. So, the subjects of the study consisted of ten early childhood teachers, thirty parents, thirty children from Laboratory Kindergarten of Universitas Negeri Malang. The questionnaires, interviews, observations, and experts’ validation were collected into data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data for the development phase while paired-sample t-tests were used to evaluate program implementation success. Results: The model demonstrated high validity from content experts (88.5%) and instructional design experts (90.2%), strong practicality according to teachers (86.8%), and significant effectiveness in improving children’s nutrition awareness and healthy behaviors (81.4%). Conclusion: The findings confirmed that active collaboration between teachers and parents strengthened behavioral consistency across school and home environments. The model proved valid, practical, and effective, providing a holistic and replicable framework that can be integrated into early childhood education and national health initiatives to foster lifelong wellness habits.

Introduction: Childhood is a critical stage for the development of motor competence and the adoption of healthy behaviors, such as physical activity, adequate sleep and limiting screen time. Aim: To characterize the motor competence of children aged 3 to 5 and to verify its relationship with scheduled physical activity habits, sedentary behaviour and sleep duration. Methods: A cross-sectional, exploratory study with 98 children (59 female and 39 male) from the public pre-school network in Beja (Portugal). Motor skills were assessed using the MOBAK-KG battery and data on physical activity, screen time and sleep were collected using the AF1 questionnaire from the National Food and Physical Activity Survey. Results: The average global motor competence was 9.62 ± 3.57 points, with no significant differences between genders (p>0.05). No child simultaneously complied with the three 24-hour movement recommendations, 31.5% complied with the screen time recommendation and 18% with the sleep recommendation. There were statistically significant associations between higher levels of motor competence and compliance with the sleep time (χ²=10.3; p=0.006) and screen time (χ²=9.9; p=0.007) recommendations. The associations were consistent in the subscales: manipulation (p=0.004) and locomotion (p=0.005 for screen time; p=0.024 for sleep). Conclusions: The results highlight the need to implement educational strategies that promote regular physical activity, limited screen time and an adequate sleep routine in order to enhance motor development in childhood.