El presente artículo busca conocer la evolución de la educación peruana y sus diversos dilemas desde una apreciación histórica. El objetivo es comprender la deficiencia educativa a partir de la visión política y cultural. Por consiguiente, debemos remontarnos al pasado y contrastar los cambios y las permanencias. La educación peruana se ha debatido en constantes dilemas de elección y oposición: de lo oral y escrito, reformas y contrarreformas, entre liberales y conservadores, de ricos y pobres, preferencias hacia varones y mujeres, lo urbano y lo rural, entre otros. Cada planteamiento respondíaa intereses particulares, en casos extremos a creencias conservadoras religiosas antes que a una política educativa coherente de continuidad. También se abordarán las diversas reformas de la enseñanza emprendidas desde la Colonia hasta parte de la República. En consecuencia, solamente develando las carencias de esta formación cultural lograremos superar la presente crisis educativa.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la gestión educativa y el desempeño docente en instituciones educativas públicas de la UGEL 03 de Lima Metropolitana. La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, nivel correlacional y corte transversal. La población está compuesta por 56 docentes que laboran en las instituciones educativas públicas de la UGEL 03 y la muestra al tener un 95% de confianza, se compone de 50 docentes. Además, para la variable gestión educativa se aplicó un cuestionario que consta de 21 ítems, medido con escala ordinal, de tipo Likert, presentando una confiabilidad alta porque el valor de Alfa de Cronbach es de 0.939. Asimismo, para la variable desempeño docente se aplicó un cuestionario que consta de 20 ítems, medido con escala ordinal, de tipo Likert, presentando una confiabilidad alta porque el valor de Alfa de Cronbach es de 0.890. Se concluye que existe una relación directa y significativa entre las dos variables estudiadas y entre las dimensiones de gestión educativa y la variable desempeño docente.

Con el advenimiento del nuevo modelo de atención a la salud mental de enfoque comunitario iniciado en 2012, se pasó a centrar la atención a las necesidades de los individuos en su entorno social, recuperando de la enfermedad, así como promoviendo la salud. De esta manera los Centros de Salud Mental Comunitarios (CSMC) se constituyen en el eje articulador de los servicios de salud mental en su jurisdicción. En dicho contexto una población con alta vulnerabilidad social y riesgo de desarrollar trastornos mentales es aquella de adolescentes albergados en Centros de Acogida Residencial (CAR) donde la investigación que ligue los sistemas de salud y de protección a poblaciones vulnerables es escasa. El presente estudio toma los testimonios de primera mano del personal de salud de los CSMC de regiones representativas a nivel nacional para dar cuenta del trabajo que vienen realizando con los CAR. Se exponen las dificultades que encuentran en el trabajo con esta población y la carencia de programas de intervención específicos a pesar de contar con normativa que establece dichas intervenciones. Finalmente se examina la opinión de los propios albergados y sus cuidadores sobre las expectativas que tienen en relación a las atenciones sobre su salud mental.

Previous studies have measured affect, one of which is the valence dimension, but the measurement uses a verbal scale. Therefore, the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) was developed, but SAM requires a stimulus to measure the valence affect. One suitable stimulus is the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), but IAPS is protected by copyright and cannot be used freely by other researchers. Due to these limitations, several researchers have developed alternative means of IAPS, such as the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS) with valence and arousal affect dimensions. However, this study focuses on OASIS SAM with fewer images, namely 60 images, and is tested on early adults in Indonesia. This study uses an experimental approach with laboratory settings. This study uses the digital application PsychoPy for 34 samples. The data analysis used in this study uses the Rasch Model. The results of this study found that the subjects tended to have low valence. In addition, it was found that OASIS SAM valence has a fairly good reliability in terms of item reliability index, person reliability index, and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Finally, based on the analysis results, the use of SAM with 7 answer options was considered less effective because subjects experienced confusion.

Disasters result in damage to public facilities and infrastructure, deaths, and significant changes in people's daily activities and physical and mental health. This research aims to determine the impact of natural disasters on mental health among survivors to assist researchers in providing an understandable and comprehensive summary of the currently available data. Literature review in journals with quantitative and qualitative research criteria, written in English and published in 2018-2023. Journal search databases are Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed, using the keywords Mental Health, Disaster, Children, Adolescent, Adult, and Elderly. The total number of journals related to the impact of natural disasters on mental health identified based on database searches was 104 journals. A total of 19 journals were used as study material, consisting of 1 journal discussing the condition of the elderly, 2 journals discussing the condition of children, 3 journals discussing the condition of teenagers, 4 journals discussing the condition of children and teenagers simultaneously, 4 journals discussing the condition of children and parents, as well as 5 journals discussing the conditions of adults. natural disaster survivors (children, adolescents, adults and the elderly) have the potential to experience symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological interventions are expected to target vulnerable groups and groups according to demographic characteristics.

Friendship is a relationship that cannot be separated from human life. Friends are the most important thing for social needs for teenagers. Among the factors that influence the success of a friendly relationship is the quality of the friendship. The quality of friendship affects the success of social interaction with peers. The thing to do in knowing the quality of friendship in adolescents is to extract assessment data with standardized and standardized measuring tools. This study aims to adapt The Friendship Qualities Scale (FQS) to Indonesian language and culture and to analyze its psychometric characteristics. In scale translation, this study uses a backward translation technique. The range of Aiken's V index values for each item is between 0.58-1.00. The process of testing the validity using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), showed that from 23 items, there were 22 valid items with a factor loading value range of 0.58-1.00 (n=426). The results of the analysis on the Indonesian version of the FQS show that the CR value is 0.94 and the AVE value is 0.44. The AVE value is less than the threshold (AVE > 0.50), but it is still acceptable because it meets the requirements. The Indonesian version of The Friendship Qualities Scale can be used by counselors for clinical purposes or by lecturers and students for research purposes.

All living things are comprised of cells, and to function, most of them use oxygen to break down food molecules to obtain chemical energy, a process known as cell respiration. Critical to this is the macromolecule cytochrome c, but this redox haemoprotein also boasts a diverse set of functions beyond respiration. Professor Irene Díaz-Moreno and Professor Miguel A. De la Rosa, both leading members of cicCartuja’s Biointeractomics Research Group at the University of Seville, are using cutting-edge investigational tools to study the full ‘interactome’ of this multifunctional molecule.

Understanding how subsurface magmatic activity affects the Earth’s crust is crucial to accurately forecasting volcano eruptions. Dr Sam Poppe and his team at the Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences have developed a multimethod approach combining scaled laboratory models, fieldwork, observations of other planetary bodies, and numerical models to determine the effect of magma emplacement dynamics on the crusts of planetary bodies like the Earth, Moon, and Mars. By progressing the understanding of the mechanics of volcanoes, their work can improve the prediction of eruptions on Earth and understanding of past volcanic activity on our surrounding moons and planets.

The political and economic system of capitalism is dominant in the Western world. But how did we get here? Dr Shami Ghosh, an associate professor in the Centre for Medieval Studies at the University of Toronto, is challenging influential perspectives on the development of capitalism in Europe.

A large percentage of many countries’ economies rely on the service sector. This is a broad sector of the economy, embracing industries including banking, healthcare, entertainment and retail. These industries vary greatly in what they offer, and suffer low productivity and quality as a result. By applying engineering concepts commonly found in manufacturing industries to service sector industries, Dr Vittaldas Prabhu and colleagues from Pennsylvania State University aim to improve the productivity and quality of systems that deliver services.