Fish Cempedik has become a freshwater entity in East Belitung District. The abundance of Cempedik is almost used by people in rainy season, by catching activity in downstream of Lintang River and Lenggang River that disembogue in Bendungan Pice. The actvity, however, is not done in dry season caused Fish Cempedik is very difficult to found there. This research aim is to exlore Fish Cempedik’s existence by study of biology and ethnobiology approach, as a development activity of freshwater potential in East Belitung District, especially Fish Cempedik. The results show Fish Cempedik has morphology similarities that indicate group of Family Cyprinidae, there is a round dark spot on its caudal peduncle, silver skin, forked shape caudal fin, two barbels on each side of mouth, 1,8-3,6 g in weight, total lenght 5,13-6,36 cm, standard lenght 3,89-5,07 cm, head lenght 0,69-1,16 cm, head height 0,47-0,9 cm, body height 0,83-1,46 cm, caudal peduncle height 0,31-0,78 cm, caudal peduncle length 0,59-0,95 cm, body wide 0,42-0,9 cm, 21 caudal spines, 12 dorsal spines, 6 anal spines, and 9 ventral spines on each side. In fish catching, people use bubu or sero, many arrested during the rainy season, and in the dry season are more common in the upstream than downstream.

Diabetes is a disease characterized by abnormal insulin secretion, production, and insulin resistance. This condition cause oxidative stress which produce radical anion superoxide and decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. SOD is an antioxidant enzyme that can reduces anion superoxide which caused by diabetes. Many natural medicine are believed having the capacity to improve antioxidant status in the body. Cardamom’s leaf was reported containing flavonoids and vitamin C has been proven as in vitro antioxidant. However, there is no data that shows in vivo potency. This study was aimed to know the SOD activity of diabetic rats after treatment of cardamom’s leaf extract. This research used experimental method consist 2 treatment and 5 repetitions. First treatment was diabetic rats given a dose of 100mg/kg body mass of cardamom’s leaf extract (CLE) and second treatment was diabetic rats without CLE as control every day for 21 days. Blood sampling was performed 4 times : 0, 7, 14, 21 after treatment. Parameter measured were inhibition of ferricytokrom C reduction. Data were analyzed using unpaired t test. The result showed the highest SOD activity was 506.60 U/mg protein (P<0.01) in diabetic rats for 14 days CLE. The conclusions of this research are SOD activity increased after 14 days treatment of cardamom’s leaf extract.

Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme which reduce anion superoxide radicals as well as known caused of diabetes. There are many natural additive was believed having capacity to repaired an antioxidant celluler status. Cardamom’s stem were reported containing flavonoid and vitamin C which have been proven as in vitro antioxidant. There was no data showing its in vivo potency. This study aims to knoe the SOD activity of diabetes rats which were given cardamom stem extract (CSE) and glibenclamide. The research carried out with the use of experimentally Randomized Design Complete (RAL) by administering treatment on diabetes rat without CSE and glibenclamide as a control, consist of 100 mg/kg bodymass CSE and 2 mg/kg bodymass glibenclamide. The experiment consists of 3 treatments with 7 repetitions, blood sampling carried out experiments as much as 3 times with intervals of 7 days once. The data was analyzed using a variety of analysis (ANOVA). The result showed that the SOD activity increased from 4261 Unit/mg protein to 6604,668 Unit/mg protein (P<0.01) in diabetes rats treatment by CSE for 14 days.

The productivity of strawberry (Fragaria sp.) depends on the presence of pollinator insects that need nectar or pollen as their food. The diversity and the population size of pollinator insects can be increased by the companion planting of Borreria laevicaulis among the strawberry. This research aimed to determine the diversity of pollinator insects of strawberry plantation companion by B. laevicaulis and to determine the relationship between the diversity of pollinator insects with the strawberry fruit produced. This research was conducted in the strawberry plantation of Serang Village, of the District Karangreja, Purbalingga, from June to August 2012. The research was designed to determine the effect of companion planting of B. laevicaulis at the 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the total individuals of strawberry. The results showed that the companion planting of B. laevicaulis in the strawberry field did not affect the species diversity of pollinator insects. But the B. laevicaulis companion planting affected the amount of strawberry yielded. The maximum yield was obtained by planting B. laevicaulis at the 10% of the strawberry individuals; it was increased by 76.12% of the control without companion planting.

Fish is one of the aquatic commodities with significant economic value, and Segara Anakan areas is a habitat for valuable fishes for local fisherman. Segara Anakan is a eutrophic waters and serves as nursery and spawning ground and also provide an optimal environment for several species fish larvae to grow, either sedentary or migratory species. Therefore it is suggested that diverse species inhabit Segara Anakan and different part of those areas has different species because different species commonly exhibit different habitat preferences. The objectives of this research were to determine the diversity and spatial distribution of fish species in Segara Anakan Cilacap. This research was a survey with the Cluster Random Sampling was implemented as sampling technique. Species diversity was analyzed descriptively, as well as the spatial distribution. The relationships between environmental parameters and spatial distribution were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. Environmental factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, and water DO were measured. The result showed that Stolephorus indicus was the most dominant species in Segara Anakan. The spatial distribution of fishes in every sampling station was found fluctuated. The environmental factors and fish were found highly correlated.

Berkala ilmiah Scripta Biologica ini dibuat untuk mengisi celah besar kesenjangan antara jumlah hasil penelitian mahasiswa dalam bidang biologi dan ketersediaan media publikasinya. Scripta Biologica tersedia secara online dalam 4 nomer terbitan per volume per tahun, kualitas artikel ilmiahnya tetap dipertahankan dengan kombinasi editorial-review dan peer-review . Scripta Biologica menerapkan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution BY-SA, di bawah lisensi ini hak cipta atas artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan tetap ada pada penulis. Penulis memberikan lisensi kepada Scripta Biologica untuk mempublikasikan artikel ilmiahnya dan menyatakan Scripta Biologica sebagai penerbit pertama, sedangkan pembaca dapat menggunakannya secara bebas; mengunduh, mencetak, menggunakan, mengubah, menyebarkan, dan atau menyalin sebagian atau seluruh artikel ilmiah dalam berkala ini, selama identitas penulis, detil sitasi, dan berkala serta penerbit tetap disertakan dan dinyatakan secara jelas. Semoga berkala ilmiah online Scripta Biologica bisa memberikan kontribusi dalam usaha bersama insan akademik untuk meningkatkan akses pada hasil-hasil penelitian, utamanya penelitian mahasiswa dalam bidang biologi, sehingga pengetahuan serta manfaatnya dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat secara lebih luas. Publikasi perdana Scripta Biologica volume 1 nomer 1 ini adalah langkah awal untuk secara berkelanjutan membuat lebih banyak hasil penelitian mahasiswa dalam bidang biologi menjadi terdiseminasi, terdokumentasi, dan tersertifikasi.

Seaweed naturally grows in substrate of sand, mixing between sand, mud and shell fragments, and also coral. Previous researches stated that there were types of seaweed that able to grow in more than one substrates. The aims of this research was to know the community structure such as diversity, domination, evenness, and similarity of seaweed on various substrates in Permisan beach, Central java. This research used survey method and samples were randomly selected for each substrate with quadrate of 1 x 1 m2. The research found that 20 kinds of seaweeds with biomass for about 4,669 g. Seven kinds of seaweed that grow in sand substrate with biomass for about 0,636 g, 20 kinds of seaweed in coral substrate with biomass for about 2,399 g, and 12 kinds of seaweeds in mixing substrate with biomass for about 1,634 g. Diversity index value in Permisan beach was ranging between 0,064-0,828 and categorized as low. Domination index value was ranging between 0,213-1,193, which means there was dominating variety. Evenness index value was ranging between 0,021-0,276, which means the community was unstable. The highest similarity index value was coral substrate-mixing for about 75%.

Ruminants produce methane gas which contributes to enhanced greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. Cattle issued the highest methane during the fermentation of feed in the rumen. Methane gas produced by methanogen bacteria in carbohydrates anaerobic fermentation. Methanogen bacteria are difficult to obtain diversity information because difficult cultured. One technique can be used is molecular rRNA 16S gene cloning and sequencing. This study was aims to determine the species diversity of methanogen bacteria in cattle's rumen using rRNA 16S gene cloning and sequencing technique by survey method. The results obtained 51 clones with 800 bp insert size length. The sequencing resulted 2 different sequences, ie 8-3L21 clone bacterium uncultured and BBS-12 clone methanogens rumen uncultured rRNA 16S gene partial sequence with 99% and 100% similarity. The Genus sequences for gene 1 and 3 were Prevotella (24%), Clostridium (1.5%), and other uncultured bacteria, whereas the 2 gene sequences of species was Methanobrevibacter ruminantium (21.83%), M. millerae (29.17%), M. gottschalkii (6.47%), Methanosphaera stadtmanae , and Methanobacterium alcaliphilum . This research provides scientific information about cattle rumen methanogen bacteria species diversity which can be used as a basis for control of cattle rumen methanogen bacteria.