Manipuri Nata Sankirtana is a significant form of devotional music and dance originating from the state of Manipur in north eastern India. It holds a prominent place in the religious and cultural life of the Manipuri people. It is a combination of music, dance and recitation performed as part of religious and cultural rituals, primarily associated with Vaishnavism. Sankirtan in Manipuri society is an ancient tradition and its form and practice reflect the rich spiritual heritage of the region. In this article, we will highlight the Manipuri Sankirtan and its similarities with other Indian classical music. Although Manipuri Nata Sankirtana is based on the Indian music system and it is still not recognized as classical music.

तंत्र आध्यात्मिक मार्ग की एक प्राचीन परंपरा है । प्राचीन समय में मोक्ष मार्ग की प्राप्ति के लिए इस परंपरा में साधक ध्यान करते थे। इस परंपरा में आत्मा का परमात्मा से मिलन पर जोर दिया जाता था। तंत्र कला सिर्फ एक सजावटी कला नहीं है ,अपितु इससे आत्मिक ऊर्जा भी प्राप्त होती है।गुलाम रसूल संतोष एक भारतीय चित्रकार और कवि थे। वह एक अंतर्राष्ट्रीय ख्याति प्राप्त कलाकार थे। उनके चित्रण कार्यों में नवीन तंत्र वाद दिखाई देता है।वह कश्मीरी शैव तंत्र दर्शन से बहुत अधिक प्रभावित थे। उन्होंने तंत्र दर्शन और आधुनिक भारतीय कला का मेल कर ,अपनी एक नई कला भाषा बनाई। यह कला न सिर्फ आध्यात्मिक थी अपितु अमूर्तन कला भी थी । उनके चित्रों में तंत्र कला एक विशेष प्रकार का दर्शन और आत्मिक सजगता को प्रदर्शित करती हैं । उनके लिए तंत्र ऊर्जा का स्रोत था। अद्वैतवाद दर्शन के अनुसार संसार के समस्त अस्तित्व परस्पर अंतर्संबंध रखते हैं। संतोष की तांत्रिक कला का मूल कश्मीरी शैववाद है। यह हमें सिखाता है कि वास्तविकता में दिखाई देने वाला जगत, एक दिव्य शक्ति का प्रकटन मात्र है। अद्वैतवाद के दर्शन के अनुसार शिव ब्रह्मांड का प्रतीक है और शक्ति सृजनता का प्रतीक है। शिव और शक्ति के बीच का तालमेल ही इस सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति का कारण है। जी. आर. संतोष ने अपने चित्रों में बहुधा ज्यामितीय आकारों का प्रयोग किया है। उन्होंने बिंदी , वृत्त ,त्रिकोण और षट्कोण आदि का प्रयोग किया है। ये ज्यामितीय आकार शिव और शक्ति का प्रतीक हैं । तांत्रिक दर्शन के अनुसार शिव -पुरुष और शक्ति - स्त्री ऊर्जा का प्रतीक है। उनके चित्रों में शुद्ध चमकीले रंगों का प्रयोग दर्शनीय है। इस तकनीक से उन्होंने अपने कैनवास पर त्रिआयामी प्रभाव उत्पन्न किया है। अपने चित्रों के माध्यम से कलाकार ने ध्यान, योग और तंत्र अभ्यास द्वारा जीवन में संतुलन पाने का प्रयास किया है । जी. आर. संतोष का महत्वपूर्ण योगदान यह है कि उन्होंने कश्मीरी शैव तंत्र और आधुनिक भारतीय कला का मेल किया। उन्होंने अपने चित्रों में आध्यात्मिक गहराई को भी उत्पन्न किया। प्रतीकात्मक परंपरा और आधुनिक तकनीक के मेल से उन्होंने भारतीय समकालीन कला में तंत्र कला का एक नवीन कला वाद स्थापित किया। उन्होंने वैश्विक कला क्षितिज पर भारतीय नवीन तांत्रिक कला को एक सम्मानजनक स्थान दिलाया।

The prominent African American writer Ishmael Scott Reed’s works are known for his satirical and Neo-HooDoo technique in presenting American politics, African people’s identity, and historical narratives. The present article examines Scott Reed’s framework of spirituality, cultural hybridity and linguistic expression in his novel Mumbo Jumbo. The study highlights African and American’s political struggles, their stubbornness in enhancing their culture in a pluralistic literary space, interconnection of myth and spirituality and linguistic expressions. Reed gives importance to spirituality through the major characters and describes how people strive to hold on to their religious beliefs. Reed also describes myth that is interconnected with the Black people’s traditions and rituals. This paper explores the effect of spirituality on cultural hybridity. Reed’s use of words, rhythm, food culture, zoomorphic language and neologism are considered as prominent in the novel. The main focus is given on the linguistic aspect through satirical diction, parody, and figurative speech.

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Stable Diffusion models have become a groundbreaking technology in the field of generative artificial intelligence that has impacted concept art pipelines in the world of creative industries. This paper will assess the artistic capabilities of Stable Diffusion through the lens of its capability to produce high-quality, heterogeneous, and contextual visual images based on textual prompting. This study examines the main aspects such as dataset selection, prompt engineering strategies, model configuration, and fine-tuning techniques to gain more control over artworks and the faithfulness of output. A hierarchical pipeline that incorporates text conditioning, latent diffusion and post-generative refinement is suggested to streamline the process of concept art generation. The comparative analysis to conventional generative techniques, especially Generative Adversarial Network (GANs) shows that image coherence is improved, it is also stylistically diverse, and it is computationally efficient. The results of the experiment prove that Stable Diffusion outperforms in terms of visual realism, flexibility, and creative adaptability and can be a useful tool in the hands of artists, designers, and game developers. In addition, the paper covers applied implications, such as minimized production time and expanded ideation functionality, and limitation, such as timely sensitivity and ethical issues regarding data utilization. The results would indicate that Stable Diffusion models have a potential of transforming the workflows of digital concept art and enhancing the collaboration of human and AI creativity.

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