In recent years, the challenge of enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of meta-heuristic algorithms has gained significant attention. Center-based sampling has shown promise in addressing this challenge, yet its application often requires customization for specific algorithms, limiting its generalizability. This study identifies a gap in the literature regarding the operation-independent application of center-based sampling. To address this, we propose a novel center-based sampling strategy at the population level, which can be seamlessly integrated into any population-based optimization algorithm. Our approach employs a collaborative multi-parent method to generate multiple center-based solutions, thereby increasing diversity and exploiting the solution space more effectively. We introduce two specific strategies: cluster-driven center-based sampling for single-objective optimization and ranking-driven center-based sampling for multi-objective optimization. The performance of these strategies is evaluated using the benchmark functions for the CEC-2017 competition on 5 single- and 6 many-objective evolutionary algorithms, demonstrating 40 % ∼ 100 % statistical fitness improvement ratio over parent meta-heuristic algorithms, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of population-level center-based sampling to enhance the performance of meta-heuristic algorithms.
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