The use of increasingly advancing information technologies (IT) in sports has reached a high level in the past few decades and has enabled obtaining data that are more valid, reliable and timely. Inertial sensors are used to gather information on athletes' movement, speed, acceleration and distance covered, and cameras that use light detection to calculate the 3D position of markers are used to capture and analyse movement and are considered a "gold standard" in this field. Wearable devices detect and analyse data against internal or external parameters they monitor, so physiological parameters such as heart rate, muscle oxidation level and body temperature can be monitored in real time, on a smartwatch or a phone. Virtual reality is used in training processes of athletes, most often during psychological and tactical preparations, as well as in learning and practicing of movements. Coaches and athletes are thus able to receive accurate data in real time outside the laboratory conditions and plan and adjust the training process accordingly. The goal of this paper is creating an overview of the most important information technologies used in modelling of training processes.

Since 2014, Serbia has been a part of the European Commission project called European Destinations of Excellence – EDEN. This project has envisaged increasing of the visibility and competitiveness of less developed destinations at the European level. Serbia was included in the mentioned project in order to encourage less developed tourist destinations rich with cultural and natural heritage to develop tourism. Municipalities of Knjaževac, Pirot and Novi Pazar have been included into the network of the European Destinations of Excellence. The aim of this paper is to identify opportunities for sustainable tourism development within destinations in Serbia included in the network of European Destinations of Excellence. The subject of research are challenges and changes in tourism development faced by the selected exceptional destinations of Europe in Serbia. The research carried out in this paper provides an answer to the question of the possibility of connecting and networking of the outstanding European Destinations of Excellence in Serbia, with an emphasis on choosing the most favorable destination management strategy in the further development of tourism. The research methodology in this paper is based on theoretical, normative and empirical sources. The scientific contribution of this paper focuses on determining the possibilities of improving the visibility of small tourist destinations - EDEN winners in Serbia.

The consequences of physical inactivity and insufficient education about its importance are affecting not only the length and the quality of life, but also the economic aspects, such as health care costs caused by the reduction in labour productivity of the Serbian population. Based on previous experiences of countries in transition and those that have well-arranged systems of education, in terms of teaching of physical education programmes, there are possibilities for the necessary reform of the curriculum, adapted to our abilities and needs. These are primarily related to the objectives of education - proper development and creation of positive habits regarding physical activity and health. So far, the reforms of physical education in Serbia have not produced results. The reform should be the transition from education focused on the program to education focused on the ultimate goals (knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards physical activity, i.e. the lifelong values). The objectives and outcomes of teaching physical education should be individualized according to the psychosomatic status and specific dimensions of that status. Therefore, the role and responsibility of teachers change and it is necessary to reform their education. Of course, government is very involved in all of this, at all levels - throughout strategies and campaigns to raise awareness of the nation and its knowledge about the importance of physical activity through all forms of education.

In this paper we will demonstrate, relying on theology, that Christianity, i.e. ascetic experience of the Church and sport are two sides of the same coin which is reflected in community or, rather, communion (When Christianity is concerned), or team work towards the goal when it comes to sport.

Modern management is characterized by specific generic context that represents the main developing potential of every organization, as well as the sporting one. Because of that, basic functions of management (planning, organising, leading and control) are under constant scrutiny of modern theories of management. Regardless of the historical order of their occurrence, no unique and generally accepted theory exists today. Especially in the context of the problematics that sport management deals with. They evolve, complement one another, and, sometimes, merge. The most commonly used approach is an eclectic one, as a combination of principles from different theories, which is characteristic of new theoretical approaches to management. Although two dominant sport-organizing models have surfaced in the field of sport - the European and American one, one still cannot explicitly speak about the authentic European or American model of sport management. Because of that, consideration and study of different modern management theories, as well as identification of possible 'points' of applicability, become a necessary process that contributes to the development and promotion of sport management theory (and practice). Two theories that this paper treats are Japanese management and 'Z' theory, as orientations for models potentially applicable in sport organizations.

A special place among tourist attractions belongs to those from the field of culture and cultural heritage. In last decades cultural tourism faced a rapid growth on global market and therefore became a subject of numerous studies. Culture in Vojvodina has a long and rich tradition. Centuries of cohabitation inducted mutual cultural influences of many nations and resulted in a rich cultural diversity of expressions and their fruitful interaction. Today, there is a vast number of local traditional events and festivals in Vojvodina. Some of them exceeded the local market and expanded through the region and beyond. Events in Vojvodina have significant tourism potential, although a majority has a local character with insignificant or no tourist importance. Most of these events are unsustainable as well as spatially and temporally unsynchronized. Using the results of previous mapping, data collection and focus group research, the aim of this paper is to classify all existing cultural events in Vojvodina and propose the guidelines for their improvement in order to strengthen the cultural identity and cultural tourism product. The proposed steps and guidelines outlined in this paper should lead to improvement of cultural tourism, through strengthening tourism potentials of cultural events in Vojvodina.

Conducting business by using the internet has become an everyday occurrence in all spheres of economy, as well as in the tourism sector. There is an increasing number of agencies in the world that conduct their business almost completely on-line. The aim of this research was to examine what characterizes the process of implementation of electronic business with tourist agencies in Serbia on the sample of 65 companies, and whether it differs depending on certain business characteristics. For that purpose, EBusTour model was developed that consists of 14 items grouped into four categories: online communication, online promotion, impact on sales and working hours reduction vs. sales improvement. As far as tourist agencies in Serbia are concerned, the results of the application of EBusTour model show that the most common activity in this field is basic online promotion (website implementation), followed by effects on sales. The paper also investigates whether there are differences in e-business implementation in relation to the characteristics such as: years in business, the type of licence (tour operator or sales agent) and the type of market (incoming, outgoing or combined).

One of the crucial methodologies for growing and developing a level of tourism which is sustainable and enhances the totality of local and regional environments is a multi-stakeholder approach to tourism development. In this paper, we present the case of the 'Heritage trails through Dolenjska and Bela krajina in SE Slovenia' in which sustainable rural development (we take this to include cultural & heritage, vinicultural & gastronomic, as well as ecological tourism) is one of the key elements of the integral mix of business economy, viz. development of the region in the SE of Slovenia. The integral approach showed from the very beginning of project activities, within the Novo Mesto chamber of commerce, its long-time implementation until the present, as one of the key products within the tourist destination of Dolenjska, Bela Krajina and Kocevsko-Ribniska. It takes an integrated approach in terms of start-up, implementation and development and is supported by and benefits from the notion of a core of multiple stakeholders.

Cultural tourism associates itself with complex issues of dealing with urban memory. As a connotative communication channel, tourism sites and monuments are a perspective through which a city speaks for itself. A number of tourist destinations in the former GDR state faced drastic changes in their tourism management after the national unification of Germany. Which voice does the cultural heritage contain in these cities along its dissonant history and how the local perceptions on the heritage have been altered in the last 25 years are the main subjects of this research. Based on the former studies on the topic of 'heritage and urban identity', this paper explores the relation between architectural heritage management and the dwellers' perceptions on the heritage since the removal of visa controls between GDR and BDR in 1989. Compared to the economic and political studies after the German reunification, socio-cultural issues on local identity and cultural re-adaption process have not been much discussed. Taking three exemplary cities in Thuringia (Eisenach, Gotha and Weimar), the document analysis of the conceptual changes in cultural tourism management and qualitative interviews on both authorities and residents will be done. By providing empirical data on the ongoing German governance, the author attempts to explore the role of cultural heritage in Germany's urban resilience. Furthermore, this research aims to contribute to the contemporary agenda on cultural tourism management in multi-identity societies over international borders.

The rapid development of information and communications technology (ICT) in recent decades has resulted not only in drastic increase in speed of the information flow, but also in the number of users of mobile devices. This trend has been recognized and used by many industries, including tourism. The use of specialized application software, compatible with the modern 'smartphones', the interaction between tourists and tourist destinations received a whole new dimension. This article aims at analyzing the ways in which the two seemingly incompatible concepts - tourism in protected nature and advanced communication technologies - can complement each other in order to create, improve and promote ecotourism products. Furthermore, it will analyze the latest trends in the development of mobile applications used in tourism industry and present examples of good practice in protected areas in Serbia and abroad. Due to the fact that mobile applications and technological innovations are relatively new and so far very few re­searchers have involved in the research of their effects on the users' satisfaction and their behavior, this paper will give guidelines for future research on this topic.