Digital transformation is widely considered the most significant structural challenge for companies’ business models. In this sense, it is important to assess the evolution of the digital transition, analyzing patterns, challenges, and trends. This research methodology is composed of three phases: the first is a survey to assess the readiness of Portuguese industrial companies, the second phase is a literature review to collect relevant studies, and the third is a qualitative comparison of the sample analysed with the literature. Comparing 18 Portuguese industrial companies with 12 previous studies, the study shows that digitalization has progressed little, mainly at the operational level, but average readiness remains intermediate, with integration and advanced analysis below the standard reported in the literature. The results show that Portuguese industrial companies must strengthen systems integration, data management, and analytical skills to advance in digital maturity. The findings offer a clear diagnosis that can guide managers and decision-makers in prioritizing investments and defining more strategic digital transformation roadmaps. By integrating empirical evidence with a comparative analysis of 12 international studies, this research offers an original and in-depth perspective on the assessment of industrial digital maturity and a global qualitative comparison.

In this study, tubular specimens of Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 were additively manufactured using the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) technique. Their initial yield surfaces were experimentally determined under biaxial stress loading at 0.005% and 0.01% plastic offset strain. Uniaxial tensile tests showed yield strengths of 509 MPa and 461 MPa, with Young’s moduli of 180 GPa and 171 GPa for Inconel 625 and Inconel 718, respectively. Yield surfaces, fitted using the Szczepiński anisotropic criterion, revealed elliptical shapes with axis ratios below 1.73, confirming moderate anisotropy. Inconel 625 exhibited nearly symmetric yield strengths in tension and compression, with a higher tensile-direction elongation of the surface, whereas Inconel 718 showed stronger directional dependence, reflecting a higher degree of mechanical anisotropy.