The aim : to characterize sea current influence on the direction of the Azov anchovy overwintering migration into the Black Sea. Material and methods : the assessment was based on long-term Azov anchovy catch statistics from ship and coastal fisheries and data of currents in the Kerch pre-strait area in 2015-2024 based on the Copernicus monitoring project dataset. The hypothesis of a relationship between spatio-temporal changes in sea currents and the direction of the Azov anchovy migration was tested using nonparametric statistics (Mann-WhitneyWilcoxon test) and spatial analysis. Results : the relationship between the eastern and northern currents, that related with the direction of the Azov anchovy migration in the Kerch Strait area, was shown. Spatial patterns in the eastern and northern components of the currents that determine the migration direction have been identified. The key factors in determining the migration direction are: 43rd, 45th and 46th weeks of the year for the eastern component of the currents, 46th week for the northern component of the currents. Novelty : using statistical spatio-temporal analysis of long-term data the relationship between currents and Azov anchovy overwintering migration was showed. Practical significance : long-term spatial patterns of sea currents and their influence on the direction of the Azov anchovy migration into the Black Sea can make it possible to increase the efficiency of organizating Russian fisheries.

The purpose . Assessment of the current state of the High Arctic Ichthyocene of the sublittoral zone of the Dezhnev Bay on Alexandra Land Island of the Franz Josef Land Archipelago in the ice–free period of 2025. The methods used . The collection of ichthyological material was carried out by passive net fishing gear on a grid of stations. The catch structure was evaluated using mathematical statistics methods. Result . For the first time during the period of ichthyological research, information is provided on the catches structure in the sublittoral zone of the islands of the Franz Josef Land archipelago is provided. Practical significance . An assessment of the population status of fish species in the northeastern part of the Barents Sea will make it possible to understand and the degree of adaptation to to living on the sublittoral in the high-latitude Arctic.

The aim of the research is to develop the methodology for assessment the Baikal seal based on direct counting of animals on ice using unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Materials were the data of aerial survey obtained in 2019 and 2021 and the manuscript published in the open press “Methodological recommendations for conducting a census of the Baikal seal ( Pusa sibirica ) offspring using unmanned aerial vehicles in the Baikal fishery basin. Novelty – the method for assessment the Baikal seals based on direct counting of animals on ice using several UAS simultaneously is proposed. Processing of an array of high-resolution digital photographs was automated through the use of software packages that use computer vision based on neural network technologies of artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize various types of images, including marine mammals. Result : The methodology for assessment the Baikal seals based on direct counting of animals on ice using UAS has been developed and tested, including calculations of the species’ numbers using the separate extrapolation method. The methodology was tested using materials from aerial surveys in 2019 and 2021 – as a result, estimates of the number of Baikal seals on ice were obtained: 106,486 specimens and 107,723 specimens, respectively. Practical significance : the proposed method of direct census of animals on ice has been developed with the aim of increasing the accuracy and reliability of final estimates of the population size and developing recommendations for its conservation and rational use.

Objective: to evaluate the ability of salmonids to both keep a high growth rate and survival rate and synthesize long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from their precursors when fish oil is partially or fully replaced with vegetable oils in rainbow trout diets. Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out for 150 days on juvenile rainbow trout (average initial weight 91 g) reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. Compound feeds with a ratio of linoleic and alphalinolenic acids from 1:1 to 1:3 and a total content of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from 0.3 to 1.2 g/100 g of feed have been developed and tested. The composition of fatty acids of total lipids of feed and muscle tissue of trout was analyzed on a Crystal 5000.2 chromatograph. Statistical data processing was carried out using singlefactor analysis of variance by the ANOVA method. Results: Partial or complete substitution of fish oil with rapeseed and linseed oils resulted in high fish farming indicators and ensured the biosynthesis of EPA and DHA from plantderived precursors. The deficiency of longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diets (total content not exceeding 0.3 g per 100 g) with a sufficient level (more than 5 g / 100 g of feed) of alphalinolenic acid could initiate the mechanism of PUFA biosynthesis in trout muscle. The use of diet with 1.2g of long-chain PUFA per 100 g of feed for 120 days stimulated an additional 17% increase in trout growth rate compared to diets including only fish oil. Novelty and practical significance: These findings suggest the possibility of substituting fish oil in trout diets with rapeseed and linseed oils without compromising performance and product quality, including the content of highly unsaturated fatty acids.

Purpose of the work. The ongoing global changes in the modern world affect technological, economic, social, and environmental issues. The increasing anthropogenic load on the environment from human economic activity negatively impacts the fishing industry, reducing ocean biodiversity and degrading the habitat of aquatic organisms. This complex and multifaceted range of problems can only be addressed scientifically. This study demonstrates the role and importance of fisheries science in addressing current and future challenges. Material and methods. The analysis utilized the results of historical and statistical observations, forecast calculations conducted at various times and summarized during the study, and took into account the organizational structures of large companies operating in various waters, as well as sociocultural aspects, which will allow for a more complete and in-depth identification of key trends in the future development of the industry. The results of the analysis will provide an objective picture of the current state of the fishing industry in all its diverse connections with related sectors of the national economy. Results. The achievements of the fishing industry are inextricably linked to industry research led by the Russian State Research Center of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO). The institute’s work covers a wide range of research topics related to addressing such pressing issues as the conservation of biodiversity and natural ecosystems, which is undoubtedly an imperative for ensuring future generations have access to fish and seafood. Practical significance: The materials can be used by government institutions to determine the optimal exploitation of aquatic bioresources without harming natural ecosystems and preserving biodiversity.

The aim: To develop a new range of canned products – ​ pates from raw Pacific saury and additional components that improve taste and quality characteristics, to evaluate their nutritional value and biological efficiency of lipids. Materials and methods: he main objects of the research were frozen Pacific saury and canned pates made from it. To assess the positive impact of canned food on human health, their fatty acid composition was studied and food indices of lipid quality were calculated. The results: Two assortments of canned food “Pacific saury pate” have been developed from fish without preliminary heat treatment, which surpass the traditional type of canned food-pates, including blanched saury mince, in terms of organoleptic properties. The amount of omega‑3 PUFA in the contents of the canned food was 4.6-4.8 g/100 g, EPA+DHA – ​3.0-3.16 g/100 g, which fully met the daily requirement of a healthy and sick person for them. The calculated indicators of the biological efficiency of the fat component of the products showed their potential ability to normalize lipid metabolism in humans and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The practical significance: Canned food “Pacific saury pate” is proposed for industrial production and can be recommended for inclusion in the diet of certain groups of the population as products for dietary preventive nutrition. Novelty: The novelty of the scientific work is the calculation of lipid quality indices of new types of pate canned Pacific saury, which characterize the positive impact of new products on human health.

The aquatic seeding industry, as the origin of the aquaculture production chain, plays a crucial role in leading the green development of aquaculture, promoting the transformation and upgrading of fisheries, and achieving modernization within the industry. This article calculates China’s competitiveness in the aquatic seeding industry from an international perspective using trade competitiveness indices and net export comparative advantage indices. The results indicate that China’s competitive advantage in fish seed is gradually diminishing, with negative values even appearing in 2021 and 2022. Similarly, both the trade competitiveness index and the net export comparative advantage index for crustacean seed were negative between 2017 and 2022, indicating relatively weak international competitiveness that requires strengthening. Conversely, mollusk seed primarily focuses on exports and has demonstrated strong foreign trade competitiveness with both indices consistently above zero from 2011 to 2022. The trade competitiveness index for aquatic invertebrate seeds shows significant annual fluctuations while the net export comparative advantage index remains relatively stable. Overall, aquatic invertebrate seeds exhibit a level of competitiveness above average. In conclusion, there is a need to further enhance China’s trade competitiveness in fish seed, crustacean seed, and aquatic invertebrate seeds. To address this issue effectively, this paper proposes measures such as strengthening enterprises’ position within commercial breeding systems, enhancing research and development capabilities for aquaculture breeding, cultivating high-quality varieties that meet market demand, and bolstering public information platform construction within the aquaculture seed industry.

The purpose of the work is to develop mathematical dependencies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of twisted fishing materials. The creation of a mathematical apparatus for modeling the geometric and force parameters of twisted fishing materials is a priority task for the development of new materials for industrial fishing and aquaculture.Methods used: Mathematical analysis of the obtained experimental data on the relative elongation and breaking load of fishing materials in order to determine the dependence of the forces on the structural and geometric characteristics of twisted fishing materials.Novelty: Based on the results of experimental studies, approximating dependences of relative elongation and relative breaking load on the continuity of the product, as well as on the ratio of surface and longitudinal tension of twisted fishing materials made of polyamide, polypropylene and polyester, were obtained for the first time. Result: Mathematical dependencies make it possible to calculate the relative elongation and breaking load of twisted fishing threads and ropes made of polyamide, polypropylene and polyester within an accuracy of 90%.Practical significance: Mathematical modeling of the physical and mechanical characteristics of twisted fishing materials allows, when designing industrial fishing tools, to set, taking into account the safety margin, the design characteristics of fishing products that are made of polyamide, polypropylene and polyester.

The aim: to characterize the Black Sea water temperature influence on the anchovy fishing.Methods: the assessment is based on long-term data of anchovy catch statistics and oceanographic data on water surface temperature during the period 1992–2023 by the Copernicus marine project. The main hypothesis about the relationship between changes in water temperature and annual catches of European anchovy was carried out by methods of cross-correlation and spatial correlation analysis.Novelty: statistical analysis of long-term data allowed us to find significant spatio-temporal patterns between parameters of anchovy fishing and changes in water temperature.Results: a significant positive relationship between anchovy catches in the northwestern part of the Black Sea and the water surface temperature is shown: the average annual (with a lag of 1 year, rs = 0,50) and the average winter (without lag, rs = 0,42) temperature. Positive trends of average annual and average winter sea surface temperatures have been described. There were significant positive spatial correlations between water temperature and anchovy catches in November-February, the most significant in December-January. The areas of spatial correlations between water temperature and anchovy catches increased in period 2008–2021 relative to 1993–2007. The existence of a relationship between the indicator of climate change (water temperature) and fishing parameters in the northwestern part of the Black Sea has been confirmed.Practical significance: the established long-term correlation patterns between changes in water temperature and the parameters of anchovy fishing in the nortwestern part of the Black Sea allows to increase the efficiency and sustainability of Russian fisheries in these waters.

The aim. Assessment of the current state of the zoobenthos in the southern part of the Cape Svyatoy settlement of the Iceland scallop in five years after the finish of its commercial exploitation.Material and methods used. Analyzed material was sampled from the R/V «Professor Boyko» during a resource survey of the Icelandic scallop in the Barents Sea in September 2023. A complete quantitative taxonomic analysis of the Sigsbee trawl bycatches of bottom invertebrates was carried out at 85 stations within twelve-mile zone of the Cape Svyatoy settlement of the Icelandic scallop. Four indices were used for assessment of the macrobenthos ecological quality: Clark’s W-statistic, the predominant life strategy index DE, AMBI and M-AMBI indices.The results. The main characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the area of the Cape Svyatoy settlement of the Iceland scallop are described (taxonomic composition, distribution of species richness, diversity, total abundance and biomass, list of the most abundant species, characteristics and distribution of the main bottom communities). The level of average benthic biomass within the study area is estimated as lower than expected given the long preceding warm period. Based on comparison of 2016 and 2023 benthic data, the positive dynamics of the trophic structure of benthos are noted. According to results of bio-testing the ecological state of benthos, in the main part of the study area, is assessed as good and undisturbed, with the exception of area to southeast of Cape Svyatoy, where the lower values of ecological status, abundance and species diversity of benthos are caused by natural environmental conditions.Practical significance: The results of the study provides insight into the bottom communities’ recovery after intensive fishing pressure.