Through the theoretical framework of Jacques Lacan's “mirror stage,” this study employs statistical analysis to code the frequency with which Spielberg utilizes the “gaze” in his work to emotionally influence viewers by providing them with desirable images of the human face. This study examines if these psychologically desirable images are used with more frequency in Spielberg's successful films, thus providing quantitative support for the assertion that Spielberg “manipulates” his audience through his signature style.

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsTimothy R. GleasonTimothy R. Gleason is a professor in the Department of Journalism at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh. Email: gleason@uwosh.edu.

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsMichael DiBariMichael DiBari Jr., Ph.D., is the Scripps Howard Endowed Professor at the Scripps Howard School of Journalism and Communication at Hampton University. Email: michael.dibari@hamptonu.edu

Today, citizen photojournalists armed with mobile phones can perform many of the tasks of a photojournalist, calling into question whether photojournalists perform a unique and essential service–characteristics of professionals. Photojournalists defend their professionalism through their professional values and skills, but even as they attempt to defend their occupational turf, the resource-poor news organizations for which they work are soliciting and publishing these citizen-shot news images. This study uses a field experiment that manipulates a photo credit line and open-ended responses to assess whether this sense of threatened professionalism exists. Further, this study examines whether citizen photojournalists' assessment of news image quality is impacted by the presence of a professional credit line. This study adds to the current understanding of photojournalism values, citizen-photojournalism values and professional threat

10.1080/15551393.2013.820594-F0001 Margaret Olin Touching Photographs 273 pages Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press 2012 $35.00 Touching Photographs is an apt title for Olin's book because the...

"Net Works: Case Studies in Web Art and Design edited by xtine Burrough." Visual Communication Quarterly, 20(2), pp. 119–120