ABSTRACT Climate change has a significant impact on the world, primarily through sea level rise (SLR), which causes flooding and erosion in vulnerable, low‐lying coastal areas, such as the Nile Delta. The study utilized the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in conjunction with the SimCLIM/Marine Climate Model to project SLR along Egypt's northern coast (ENC). Additionally, a spectral analysis of satellite images from 1985 to 2022 was conducted to assess shoreline erosion and accretion along the ENC. This analysis utilized the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool and the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). Estimates of erosion and accretion levels were projected up to 2040. The study identified and forecasted inundated areas for various scenarios from 2020 to 2100 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and modified Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation maps. By 2040, the regions east of the Damietta and Rosetta Nile branches are expected to be vulnerable to issues of erosion and accretion. According to the RCP 4.5 scenario, approximately 30.1 km 2 may be inundated by 2080, whereas the RCP 8.5 scenario predicts an increase to 348.1 km 2 , potentially reaching 738.2 km 2 by 2100. These data indicate that the ENC will become highly vulnerable to climate change under the RCP 8.5 scenario by 2080, whereas the RCP 4.5 scenario is unlikely to impact its current condition significantly. The study recommends implementing integrated measures, such as dikes, to tackle the challenges of low‐lying inundation. This study's findings enhance our understanding of shoreline evolution and refine our ability to predict future changes, enabling policymakers to develop effective policies that protect our marine ecosystem.

ABSTRACT Sanitary quality of drinking water is essential to meet demand and prevent water‐borne diseases. Storage water containers represent a significant factor in the transmission of waterborne diseases. In the municipality of Fokoué, cans are the most commonly used containers for storing water. This study assessed the bacteriological and parasitological quality of these containers in order to develop strategies for reducing water‐borne diseases. Twelve cans were randomly collected from households and subjected to analysis by membrane filtration and flotation. Results showed fecal contamination in all parts of the cans, with alarming levels of Escherichia coli (2 × 10 5 ± 1 × 10 5 CFU/cm 2 ), Shigella spp. (22 × 10 6 ± 17 × 10 6 CFU/cm 2 ), and Salmonella spp. (2 × 10 5 ± 1 × 10 5 CFU/cm 2 ). Parasite eggs and trophozoites were also detected, exceeding WHO standards. These findings highlight the need for rigorous maintenance of drinking water storage containers which act as reservoirs of human pathogens, thus constituting a major problem of drinking water crises.

ABSTRACT Water security in tropical regions faces escalating pressures from climate change, land‐use shifts, and population growth. We conducted a bibliometric review of 1146 peer‐reviewed articles (1964–2023) on tropical water security. Latent Dirichlet Allocation identified 13 thematic topics and their evolution. Publications rose sharply after 2012, peaking post‐2018, mirroring mounting concern over climate‐related risks. Research has centered on climate‐water interactions, water quality and treatment, and hydrological modeling, whereas interest in soil‐moisture remote sensing declined. A new focus on land‐cover‐water linkages signals increasing interdisciplinary integration. Gap analysis revealed methodological compartmentalization: SWAT‐based modeling studies rarely intersect with empirical water‐quality work, creating a persistent evidence divide. Conversely, topics on vegetation, land use, and water balance show strong semantic coherence. Our reproducible topic‐modeling framework clarifies evolving research foci and highlights underexplored areas, offering a roadmap to bridge disciplinary divides and inform science‐based water‐governance strategies across the Global South.

ABSTRACT While climate change poses growing threats to agricultural water availability, research examining these impacts remains limited, particularly in northern Bangladesh. To strengthen the evidence base for adaptive water management, this study investigates the impacts of climate change on water availability in northern Bangladesh by exploring the water bodies and rainfall changes, focusing on seven disaster‐prone districts. Utilizing a mixed‐method approach, the research involved 385 purposively selected respondents and employed various data collection techniques like surveys, Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Geographic Information System (GIS) was also utilized to analyze changes in water bodies and rainfall patterns. The study revealed significant alterations in water availability, particularly from the perspective of farmers, who reported adverse effects on agricultural practices. Notably, a coefficient for crop choices indicated a detrimental impact, suggesting that unchanged crop choices were associated with a 0.766 times lower likelihood of maintaining water availability. Additionally, changes in river runoff exhibited further emphasizing the negative implications for water resources. Farmers noted declines in water levels and alterations in the water table, attributing these changes to climate change, which prompted shifts in crop water requirements and necessitated adaptations in farming practices. GIS analysis findings revealed a 2.82% decline in water body in Kazipur from 2010 to 2020, while other studied sub‐districts experienced increasing trends, exacerbating water scarcity, and affecting agricultural productivity. The study evaluated water management strategies, such as crop rotation, installing deep motor, and water conservation by digging pond, to address these challenges. Ultimately, the findings highlighted significant threats to agricultural sustainability and productivity due to changing water availability, underscoring the need for adaptive strategies, including alternative water sources, changing planting dates, and implementing water‐saving irrigation techniques like drip irrigation among farmers and the potential for conflicts over water resources in the context of climate change.

ABSTRACTIncreasing human population and anthropogenic activities pose immense pressure on natural water resources in terms of quantity and quality. In order to replenish, wastewater generated from various activities needs to be suitably treated before discharging into these resources. Sewage is one of the major sources of wastewater in urban settings. Moreover, if properly treated in sewage treatment plants (STPs), sewage may also serve as the source of recycled water. Considering this, the performance evaluation of five STPs located in Varanasi, India, was done in three sampling periods, and their treatment efficacy was assessed. Maximum pollutants' reduction percentage based on the weighted arithmetic water quality index of influent and effluent was calculated to be 93.64% and 97.76% (in sampling period III). Unsettlingly, it was also found that none of the STPs performed as per the notified standards in all three sampling periods. Therefore, strict vigilance and supervisory actions are inevitable for making STPs compliant with regulatory standards.

ABSTRACTThis piece discusses recent research and current trends in water infrastructure. Specifically, we unpack how supply and demand logics inform policy and continue to do so in light of the 10th World Water Forum. We argue that the social structural transformations that have been needed remain lacking. Around the world, we observe a continued, if not renewed, emphasis on supposedly rational economic logics surrounding supply and demand. However, this has led to not reforms towards more ecologically minded engineering and governance, but rather it often appears that water infrastructure is emerging with a doubling down on a kind of old civil engineering emphasis, such as has been seen with the rise in new mega‐dam projects, desalination plants, and other “new water” endeavors. Yet, there are other examples that we point to that can be learned from, such as the Santa Cruz River restoration project in Southern Arizona and other measures in France and Bolivia that take a more participatory approach. Infrastructure issues must lead us to rethinking public and democratic action to distribute water in a manner that promotes social equity, and prevents massive resource destruction linked to abusive economic forces blind to collective interest and meaningful objectives, rather than a cynical “water for all” program. To secure the 6th Sustainable Development Goal, we regret that the 10th World Water Forum did not seem to pay enough attention to the greening of water policy through the sustainability of ecological infrastructures, nor to the economic and political conditions of their generalization.

Abstract The increasing demand for water for various purposes is causing the availability of water for irrigation to decrease daily. Consequently, it is necessary to implement deficit irrigation. Research on the different teff crop varieties and the level of deficit irrigation with crop growth stages at semi‐arid agroecological zones remains inadequate. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of stage‐wise deficit irrigation and crop variety on crop water productivity for the teff crop. Two varieties of teff and three irrigation levels were selected and applied for each growth stage. Crop water productivity was determined by using crop water consumed with their yield production and analyzed using Statistix 10.0 software. The results showed that crop varieties had a significant effect on crop water productivity. The maximum crop water productivity (0.92 kg m−3) and field water productivity (1.387 kg m−3) were obtained for a 30% deficit at the ripening growth stage for the Tseday teff variety. Contrarily, the minimum CWP and FWP of 0.617 kg m−3 and 0.959 kg m−3 were obtained to 30% deficit irrigation at the yield formation growth stage of the Quncho teff variety. Therefore, deficit irrigation during the yield formation growth stage was not recommended, but it was possible to apply deficit irrigation during the ripening growth stage to improve crop water productivity in areas of water scarcity.