The article highlights several cognitive, psychological, and linguistic issues, reflecting the problems of the Russian language acquisition by the foreign students in the natural environment. The study is based on modern interpretations of language contacts and the specifics of intercultural communication, multilingualism, and communication studies. The study uses the techniques of a psycholinguistic experiment, a sociolinguistic survey, lexico-semantic and contextual analysis techniques, as well as various approaches to describing speech mistakes because of interlanguage interference. The material for the article was the data of the foreign informants' written survey in the multilingual environment of the host region. In the bilingual Russian-English questionnaire, it was required to justify the choice of the country, the university of study, difficulties in completing educational programs. The survey involved the foreigners who are at different stages of the Russian language acquisition. The main objective of the study was to establish the leading channels of the Russian language perception and to describe the interfering influence of the native languages and dialects of the Hindus, as well as international English, on the language of the host country acquisition. On the text fragments and individual statements, the directions of interlanguage interference were shown, its leading types were identified – phonetic, phonemic, grapheme, morphological and lexical. The role of the English language as an intermediary in the process of the new language acquisition has been established. The performed analysis confirmed the leading position in the sensory system of the auditory perception channel, prevailing over visual perception. There is a tendency to contamination of written and oral speech, compression, and the use of abbreviations; interlanguage interference at the semantic-cognitive, phonetic, phonemic, grapheme, phonemic-grapheme, morphological and lexical levels of the native languages and partially English. The strategy of using Internet translation and literal translation from English into Russian, represented as the author’s text in Russian, is determined. The survey showed that at an advanced level of the Russian language proficiency, the most problematic is the semantic differentiation of single-root lexemes formed prefixally.

Audiovisual translation (AVT) from English into other languages is gaining popularity both in the entertainment and professional realms. Besides language difficulties, an interpreter has to face cultural challenges and a lack of professional knowledge of a particular subject field. This paper examines medical AVT from English to Kazakh. Translation issues in this field have rarely been the focus of linguistic studies, with hardly any studies of the matter with Kazakh as a target language. During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is crucial to be aware of cutting-edge technology and treatment techniques that are available in English. The TEDMED oral report “The Wireless Future of Medicine” made by Eric Topol, a distinguished cardiologist and geneticist, and its voice-over translation provided by the Kazakhstan national bureau of translations were chosen as the material for this pilot study. Continuous sampling was used to select 95 terms and term phrases (T-units) in the source text that were further distributed into eight subject field groups. A standard classification was used to identify the translation technique in each case in the target text. As a result, frequency models were built for both subject groups and translation techniques. Groups related to medical procedures, medical devices, anatomy and physiology were the most frequent. There was a clear correlation between the subject field and dominant translation technique: equivalence prevailed in the fields connected with Kazakh medicine from nomadic times, while in other fields, there was an increase of techniques other than the equivalence.

When Catholicism was introduced into Vietnam, there was also a tendency toward differentiation and even confrontation with Vietnamese culture, including Vietnamese Confucianism. This article focuses on the discussion between Confucianism and Catholicism from the Ideological perspective, on the most basic concepts about belief related to God, the most popular religious activity, which is worshipping activities, and the social-moral code encompassing the two most basic aspects during that time: loyalty and piety.

The phenomenon of incompetence as an interdisciplinary subject requires multiple analyses embracing various spheres of life, and scientists whose knowledge is limited to only one discipline may face difficulties in capturing the core of the issue. This article is based on a meta-reflection inspired by the discourse revealed in post-humanist and post-pandemic reality. Its aim is to define sources of irrationality, areas of ignorance and, above all, levels of incompetence to reveal the primary categories. One of the problems standing in the way of development is a lack of interest, which leads to ignorance. A limited number of experiences and stimuli different from those in our everyday lives can lead us to a perception of the world solely from our own perspective. In the political sphere, cooperation between the authorities and specialists for the good of the community is crucial. The greed for power and money is fatal, causing numerous abuses, scientific knowledge becomes “inconvenient”, so it is easier to ignore it. A lack of unanimity among researchers and a divergence of views, cause the people who are not fully aware of how science works to begin to doubt it, which increases the obstinacy of their own views. It is impossible not to question and to systematize knowledge completely; the problem arises at the level of the dissemination of knowledge. Moreover, emotions and the phenomenon of resentment play one of the key roles in rationality, and controlling them and continuing education can reduce the phenomenon of incompetence.

The increasing globalization as well as internationalization have influenced educational systems all over the world, contributing to widespread of the idea of teaching in a second or foreign language so as to allow students, ranging from primary to tertiary levels, to compete in an international context. The aim of this paper is to analyse and categorise the strategies of mediation used for presentation of subject content knowledge while teaching in bilingual French-Polish classes at secondary school level. In order to take the complex nature of the issue into account, variety of used strategies will be examined by means of corpus analysis. The material used for analysis comes from the bilingual lessons of chemistry and biology recorded in secondary school in Warsaw in the period between November and December 2019. The studies presented will allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the potential possibilities and problems of content-knowledge presentation in foreign langue.

In this article we analyze the principles of elaboration of the French-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-French dictionary of physical education and sport / PES. In the dictionary, we include the terms to name the sites where a sporting activity takes place; the names of players and sportsmen; medical professions; equipment and accessories; sports; competitions and rules; people and structures that follow these regulations; institutions and organizations; verbs related to sport; techniques and styles; results, procedures and reactions; sports medicine terminology. The practical results will improve the possibilities of teaching French for students of physical education and sport, and for those who want to learn French for specific purposes (PES).

According to M. Fforde, the era of postmodernity is characterized by a form of cultural collapse, as it reveals many phenomena indicating that contemporary humans are on the path towards ‘desocialization.’ This process represents an overall cultural shift as well as changes in the existing anthropological paradigms. This paper is dedicated to an analysis of the issue of religion as social capital in conditions of increasing societal risks. We work with an hypothesis that sociopathological phenomena are rather determined by cultural and secularization factors. In our article, we argue that desocialization is closely connected with current secularization processes, as well as with the progression of a materialistic view of man in compliance with the models and theories of postmodern anthropologies. We propose that the ongoing social enthropy in the form of desocialization should be dealt with holistically, i.e.,by analyzing the utilization (or the lack thereof) of religious resources for human and social flourishing.

The basic ideas of Judaism are present throughout the year during important Jewish holidays. However, some of these festive motives repeat much more often - even every seven days on the Sabbath holiday. Shabbat integrates a theological, historical and educational dimension. Shabbat is also a fundamental expression of the philosophical principles of Jewish culture, which became the basis for European civilization. The celebration of this holiday is a reminder of the history of salvation, of covenant and commitment, but also of the joy that comes from God as a chosen one. The most important motives that appear in the celebration of the Sabbath and to which we pay attention are: creation (Rash Hashana), deliverance (Passau), covenants with God (Shavuot), upbringing and education of people who live near their God (Sukot) with an emphasis on social justice, peace and life.

This article presents the results of research into the influence of a pandemic on education in the field of foreign languages. Research regarding opinions was conducted by the free interview technique on specially selected foreign language teachers in Poland, Belarus, Italy, Ukraine and Georgia. The areas researched covered opinions on various topics – changes in the functioning of educational institutions; changes in students’ needs, expectations and behaviour, with special regard to seniors; problems connected with remote learning; changes in educational methods and content; and the specifics of teaching seniors foreign languages during a pandemic. As a result of qualitative analysis, three categories of problem emerged - pedagogical, didactic, and those specific to the teaching of seniors.

As Covid19 spread around the world causing national lockdowns, millions of school and university students had to continue their studies in distance mode. The unplanned shift to online learning turned out to be a challenge to educators in many fields, the most problematic spheres being those that conventionally rely on face-to-face interactions. University programs in interpreting were among the worst affected ones as interpreter training requires conference equipment, direct tutor guidance and long hours of individual and group work. Adapting a graduate course in consecutive interpreting to the online format highlighted a number of methodological issues and curriculum limitations related to the specifics of the digital learning environment. Following a case-study design, this paper presents an in-depth analysis of positive and negative factors of mid-term transition to distant mode in interpreter training with a special emphasis on methodological and technological aspects of synchronous online teaching. In exploring the efficiency of the new format, the study relies on a threephase research procedure developed to monitor the transition process on the basis of pre-start screening, progress tracking and final evaluation data. The set of methods and tools employed to obtain and analyze research data includes student questionnaires, regular class observations, student self-assessment reports, open discussions and retrospective protocols. The study uses qualitative analysis in order to gain insights into advantages and disadvantages of the new format and assess its application perspectives. The findings suggest for a blended model and a need for developing the concept of digital didactics.