Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, in Serbian universities, as well as in various colleges and universities around the world there was a transition to online teaching. Such an extreme reorientation forced teachers to adjust their instruction to the new circumstances in a very short time, regardless of their previous experience and readiness. The research aimed to establish students? attitudes towards online teaching introduced by the Faculty of Philosophy in Ni? upon the outbreak of the Covid19 pandemic in Serbia and the state of emergency declared thereupon. The research included 207 Faculty students. Students? attitudes have been analysed with respect to their year of birth, average grade during the studies, sex and study programme to identify the tendencies which occur with changes in the structure of the research sample. The research data were processed in the SPSS programme, by using the parametric statistics and the F-test and t-test in the statistical analysis to establish statistically significant differences in students? attitudes in relation to independent variables. The qualitative approach was applied in the analysis of survey results obtained by means of an assessment scale, while the data were presented in tables and graphs. Research results indicate that students are satisfied with the realised online teaching and that online teaching introduced under the given circumstances was the best possible alternative to traditional teaching. They believe that teachers were successful in their response to the set requirements, as well as that the quality of realised instruction was good. In terms of statistically significant differences concerning students? attitudes in relation to independent variables, research results show that the considered variables do not represent statistically significant determinants of respondents? attitudes. The conducted research can constitute a solid base for further research.

During the pandemic, the education system around the world adapted to online teaching. This period presented a set of new requirements for education systems. It was necessary, in a short period of time, to find effective digital solutions for distance teaching. Most teachers changed their activities during the pandemic to adapt them to virtual teaching, thus becoming creators of online education. In order to improve the educational practices in the online environment, we used an analysis of students' perceptions (N = 150) from the Polytechnic University of Bucharest, who expressed their opinion on online learning during the pandemic. For this, an online questionnaire was applied, which was completed both by students who had face-to-face experience and students who started their activity directly in the online learning environment. As a result, in this paper, we specify what students think about online learning, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of this way of teaching. In the research, special attention was paid to the analysis of the problems that students face in online learning, the opportunities they see in this environment, their adaptation to online teaching and the expectations they have from teachers. The analysis of the research results offered several conclusions, including the need to develop the adaptability of university teachers to the specifics of mediated by digital technologies teaching, the introduction of a more varied and frequent interaction with the students, creating conditions for the self-regulation of one's learning. The findings of this study provide solutions for future improvements in online teaching and learning.

In the context of globalization and environmental issues worldwide, sustainability has become a crucial concept for maintaining life and natural resources on the planet. Sustainability is an extremely important concept, especially among researchers, representing a constant concern in the textile industry. Worldwide, sustainability is an important concern and priority, both for the conservation of the planet and for the healthy development of society. The experimental research in this paper is part of the field of sustainable textile finishing. These were achieved by applying ecological treatments on linen and hemp fabrics, at ambient temperature between 23-25?C, and the effect of incubation time was studied for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h. The experimental study aimed at both the influence of treatment on the water absorption capacity of the textile substrate in the absence of enzymes, and the influence of treatment in the presence of enzymes. In order to store the results and experimental information obtained for the use thereof by students and specialists in the field, the paper proposes the development of a software system consisting of a MySQL online database server and a desktop application running on a Windows operating system, created on the .NET platform, using the C # programming language. The software application has an open structure with the possibility to extend the information and add other data. The information used is the result of experimental research regarding the influence of finishing treatments on the water absorption capacity of linen and hemp fabrics in the following situations: both in the absence of enzymes, by means of treatments with buffer solution, respectively treatments with buffer solution and non-ionic surfactant, as well as in the presence of enzymes, by treatments with buffer solution and pectinase enzymes, respectively treatments with enzymes and non-ionic surfactant. Following the experimental research, a comparative analysis can be made between the results obtained after the application of treatments in the absence of enzymes and the application of treatments in the presence of enzymes. The results obtained will appear in the "data" table in order to facilitate the observation and interpretation of data by users. This software system can be used in order to choose the most suitable variants in terms of selecting the fabrics with the best water absorption capacity. Also, this software system can be used as an e-learning tool in teaching-learning activities.

Three trends concerning applications of Systems Theory in education and e-learning are analysed. The first is the holistic General Systems Theory which studies the structure and the behaviour of systems, and identifying the components and the interconnections within systems. The second is represented by the Dynamical Systems Theory which uses concepts such as attractors, bifurcations or constraints to create a framework for the study of the critical components of the learning process. But being too general, these directions cannot provide concrete mathematical models able to give solutions for the management and improvement of this process. The third direction which tries to solve this problem is developed in this paper, continuing the author's two previous papers. An e-learning innovative model is provided using the tools of the Systems and Control Theory. The inputs, outputs and the states which correspond to the e-learning process are described and the equations of the state-space representation of the model are derived. This model is applied to the foreign languages e-learning. The controllability of the system is analysed by means of a suitable Gramian. A necessary and sufficient condition of controllability is presented and in the case of the controllable systems a formula is given for the optimal control of the problem of minimum energy transfer of states. Two programs are implemented using Control Systems Toolbox of the Matlab software, one which generates the e-learning system and the other which computes the optimal solution of the transfer problem. This solution allows teachers and students to schedule their e-learning tasks in order to acquire a desired level of knowledge.

The wish to have a training program as efficient as possible I had both as a sportsman, but especially as a coach, after gathering knowledge by graduating higher studies in the physical education and sports field. Knowing the Romanian kickboxing trainings level, I considered that by using modern technology applicable to motor activities, I can try to bring an improvement to the discipline and possible with an impact to the other martial arts (training, selection). The National Research Institute for Sport, with more than 50 years of experience in research in the sports field and in supporting the national teams by offering scientific assistance, having such equipment and a remarkable benevolence, was willing to help such plan like this. After analyzing the initial idea, was chosen a measuring instrument adequate for this study: Xsens MVN. Xsens MVN consists of hardware and software, each adapting to user requirements. The hardware used in the studio was the wireless version, MVN Link. There are 17 motion tracking sensors containing 3D gyroscopes, accelerometers and 3D magnetometers. The software part is the key element of the MVN. With the information received from sensors correlated with the algorithms and models mentioned above, it builds an avatar of the subject in a 3D system and allowing to track speeds and the positions in space of the sensors. Through this study we wished to link the methodical indications from the specialty literature and concrete technical executions, proving that the biomechanics elements can be objectively evaluated. We chose some of the most used kickboxing techniques and planned to monitor them with our equipment in order to objectify them and extract information useful for trainings. Likewise, the research is meant to be a step for future studies, even in other sports disciplines and to encourage the use of technology in sports training.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the consequences of the compulsory online education at university studies level during COVID-19 period. Current trends and goals in the education system such as focusing on practical sides of learning and creativity seem to be prone to improvement due to the possibilities of the new online medium, through the use of online platforms such as Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, Webex, and Zoom. The paper analyses features of these online platforms which prompt use of visual material such as PowerPoint presentations during the lectures, ease of access to using video and audio material, comparatively to the face to face lecture halls where access to foreign languages laboratories and translation software was not always available, as well as encouraging possibilities of interaction during seminars and lectures by using buttons indicating go faster, go slower, yes, no as feedback from students to teachers present on Zoom platform. The methodology of the paper will combine teaching as a foreign language using face-to-face methods as well as using teaching and learning software and online materials, together with psychological theories of motivation in learning. The findings will be applied to teaching English as a foreign language seminars and to Culture and Civilization courses and seminars to students in Engineering at the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest where the author of the paper currently teaches as a lecturer. Activities of teaching with video and listening comprehension are encouraged due to the use of platforms and are readily available.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused incredible changes in the educational system worldwide. Apart from the economic and social impacts that the pandemic has created, there is a reluctance both to teachers and students in acceptingthe new educational system "e-learning" no matter their background. In particular studens have to deal with several types of environmental, electronic and mental struggles due to COVID-19. To cope with the new changes, Transilvania University of Brasov has improved its two online platforms "intranet" and "e-learning" to ensure that all students benefit from education. This study focuses its attention on the need to guarantee the continuity of the educational process in such a crisis situation. It highlights the positive and negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in higher education institutions especially in the case of Law schools. It also deals with the issue of online law teaching and the difficulties encountered by a university teacher and the preparation one has to go to give the perfect online lecture. Last but not least the paper deals with the struggles to determine the engagement of students and to ensure intellectual property protection in the online environment. Moreover the paper tries and hopes to accomplish to give a complete and detailed account of several issues encountered during online classes and the challenges of giving online exams, without the proper tools to actually be in contact with the students. In conclusion, this paper revolves the daily academic life of law students and teachers in the year of SarsCov2 Pandemic of 2020.

The aim of this paper is to show a preliminary analysis to develop an effective model to enhance teaching and learning foreign languages through technology-supported CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) approach in the field of physical education. This is the first exploratory phase of a project held at the university of Foro Italico titled "Technology-supported Teaching and Learning for CLIL in Physical Education: in Search of an effective Model" in which we intend to explore the possibility of applying augmented/virtual reality-based tools to CLIL teaching/learning in the context of physical education and sport sciences. The research question aims to explore which technology has a more significant impact on knowledge and content acquisition and can be more easily transferred into a CLIL class. Therefore, we will outline an explorative investigation to highlight the use of augmented reality (AR) as a pedagogical tool to support teaching/learning a foreign language through Physical Education (PE) using a combination of CLIL and TBLT approaches. First, this paper will review the current literature on the application of technology-related educational theories (i.e., "Situated Cognition Theory", "Experiential Learning", "Anchored Instruction Theory", TBLT and CBLT approaches). Second, it may be hypothesized that a model for effective foreign language acquisition through physical education to promote understanding, knowledge acquisition and activate productive skills can be developed and some examples of good practices will be provided. The challenge is not only to highlight the implications of the use of the technology-supported CLIL approach and physical education, but to bridge the gap between language and content acquisition through the use of specific technological tools. Finally, in line with the European language policy aimed at enhancing linguistic and cultural diversity as an asset, this study aims at promoting effective professional communication in a multilingual and intercultural perspective.

Moral identity - defined as "a self-conception organized around a set of moral traits" - is strongly linked to moral behavior. Recent theoretical approaches showed that moral identity - the same as social identity - may be influenced both by individual differences and situational factors. In the context of the current global pandemic, several social and moral identities emerged and will continue to develop as the situation unfolds, with consequences on peoples' moral decisions and actions. Children and adolescents may be especially vulnerable to negative consequences, who may be affected by numerous situational factors such as the emerging of polarisation concerning following rules, and it is yet unclear how this affects children and adolescents' mental health and morality, both in the short and long term. Others' behaviors and opinions may hold a strong effect on adolescents' moral development, and this influence may be especially salient in the case of significant others (i.e., parents, family, peers) who have the role of ethic models in adolescents' life. Therefore, we propose a theoretical protocol for a longitudinal study, exploring the long-term effects of others' perceived moral identity on adolescents' moral identity development, hypothesizing that the perception of the moral identity of ethical models is a predictor for change over time in adolescents' moral self-identity. Longitudinal designs are widely used in literature to explore the role of both individual differences and situational factors on specific outcomes, for this reason, we propose a latent growth model, exploring the individual change in adolescents' moral identity, in three different time points, measured every year, in the (post)pandemic context.

As university education and, in particular, initial training of engineers are the priority directions of strategic development at the national and European level, in the current epidemiological conditions it is clear the need to support the digital transformation of the traditional engineering university education system into a valid one to be implemented remotely. In order to solve the problems listed above, within the call "Offers of research-innovation solutions on combating and mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic", launched by the National Agency for Research and Development of the Republic of Moldova, a team of researchers from the Technical University of Moldova (TUM) initiated a project, called DIGIFORME, which aims to develop solutions of an institutional, informational and methodological nature corresponding to the curricular specificities of engineering and technological specialties within the beneficiary university, such as laboratories remote, simulation laboratories, methods and algorithms for analyzing the interaction between the actors of the teaching process, etc. This research comes with the description of a viable didactic model to be implemented in the educational process in universities in engineering both in a pandemic context and in a post-pandemic context. The model design and analyzed by the author provides for the implementation of certain methodological digital transformations, the presence of which is argued both from a theoretical and applied perspective of teaching-learning-evaluation of engineering disciplines in a distance learning format. The solutions presented in the article are meant to reduce the vulnerabilities of a university with a profile in engineering education, such as the lack of a basis for carrying out distance work with students (from all types of studies); insufficient training of teachers for the full conduct of online lessons; the inadequacy of the informational and methodological support for the number of didactic activities specific to the specialties with engineering and technological profile. In the conclusion of the research, the author outlines the perspectives of capitalizing the experience of the TUM based on the given didactical model.